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VERSION:2.0
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BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of the impurities of reactor core graphite with neut
ron activation analysis\, X-ray fluorescence and mass spectrometry techniq
ues for graphite waste modeling
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-1@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Grigorijus Duškesas (Institute of Physics\, Savanor
iu ave. 231\, Vilnius LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Artūras Plukis (Institute o
f Physics\, Savanoriu ave. 231\, Vilnius LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Petras Se
rapinas (Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy of Vilnius Univers
ity\, Vilnius LT-01108\, Lithuania)\, Žilvinas Ežerinskis (Institute of
Theoretical Physics and Astronomy of Vilnius University\, Vilnius LT-01108
\, Lithuania)\, Vidmantas Remeikis (Institute of Physics\, Savanoriu ave.
231\, Vilnius LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Andrius Puzas (Institute of Physics\
, Savanoriu ave. 231\, Vilnius LT-02300\, Lithuania)\n\nIn nuclear energet
ics is very important to handle radioactive waste properly. After closing
nuclear facility significant amounts of radioactive waste will occur\, whi
ch disposal will depend on their activity. The main source of radioactivit
y in the NPP’s equipment are the neutron activation products. Their amou
nts depend on the elemental composition of materials used for building a n
uclear facility. In the cores of channel and gas cooled reactors huge amou
nts of high purity graphite is used as a moderator. Because being in an in
tensive neutron flux for a long irradiation period minor graphite impuriti
es such as Cs\, Sr\, Eu\, U\, Cd\, U\, Th play the major role in the forma
tion of medium and long-lived radioactive nuclides. As graphite is difficu
lt to dissolve\, advanced measurement techniques must be used. In this wor
k measurement methods of neutron activation analysis\, X-ray fluorescence
and mass spectrometry for the evaluation of minor graphite impurities will
be presented and their results critically compared. We show a good agreem
ent between results of an expensive neutron activation analysis and rapid
mass spectrometric measurements. We have found that minor graphite impurit
ies of interest are in 10 ppm – 10 ppt concentrations range. These resul
ts will be used for the Ignalina NPP graphite decommissioning.\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/1/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/1/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Recent trends in radiometrics and mass spectrometry technologies
– synergy in environmental analyses
DTSTART:20100420T050000Z
DTEND:20100420T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-2@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pavel Povinec (Comenius University)\n\nThe dominant
development in the radiometrics techniques has been the utilisation of lar
ge HPGe detectors in underground laboratories with anti-cosmic or anti-Com
pton shielding for the analysis of short and medium-lived radionuclides in
the environment. They have included applications of high efficiency HPGe
detectors (up to 200% relative efficiency to a 75 mm diameter\, 75 mm long
NaI(Tl) detector)\, often operating at least a few tens of metres undergr
ound\, where the nucleonic component of cosmic rays is reduced by several
orders of magnitude. In the mass spectrometry sector\, applications of Ind
uctively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and Accelerator Mass Spe
ctrometry (AMS) for the analysis of long-lived radionuclides in the enviro
nment are the most important recent achievements. These developments in bo
th sectors did not only considerably decrease the detection limits for sev
eral radionuclides (up to several orders of magnitude)\, but they also ena
ble to decrease sample volumes so that sampling e.g. of the water column o
r sediments can be much easier and more effective. A comparison of radiome
trics and mass spectrometry results for the analysis of radionuclides in t
he environment shows a reasonable agreement – within quoted uncertaintie
s\, for wide range of activities and different sample matrices analysed. 1
37Cs\, 3H\, 14C\, 129I and Pu isotopes water profiles recently obtained fo
r the Indian Ocean will be discussed in detail.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/2/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/2/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Tritium content distribution in Jeju island groundwater using Ni-N
i electrolytic enrichment method
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-3@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yoon Yeol Yoon (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mi
neral Resources)\n\nJeju is a volcanic island located about 90 km south of
the Korean peninsula. This area is covered with highly permeable basaltic
rocks from the Pliocene through the Quaternary. These rocks are highly pe
rmeable and forming the principal aquifers. Therefore\, ground water is th
e sole fresh water resource and provides almost all of the water demand be
cause of the low content of the surface water.\nIn this work\, tritium lev
els in Jeju island groundwater were studied with a liquid scintillation co
unter(LSC) and electrolytic enrichment method using Ni-Ni electrodes. Tri
tium enrichment parameters are estimated with different current and total
current charge variation. From the established optimum tritium enrichment
condition\, we analyzed fifty eight mountainous area groundwater samples o
f Jeju island. \nThe tritium separation factor was from 8 to 36 with a cur
rent density variation. The detection limit of tritium measurement is abou
t 0.06 Bq/L using 1000 mL sample and 600 min counting time. The tritium co
ncentrations in fifty eight groundwater in Jeju island were ranged \n\nhtt
ps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/3/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/3/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Migration ability of plutonium and americium in the soils of Poles
sie State Radiation-Ecological Reserve
DTSTART:20100420T061000Z
DTEND:20100420T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-4@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Svirschevsky (Belarus State University)\, Lin
dis Skipperud (Norwegian University of Life Sciences)\, Justin Brown (Norw
egian Radiation Protection)\, Katsiaryna Voinikava (Belarus State Universi
ty)\, Svetlana Ovsiannikova (Belarus State University)\n\nOne of the most
important factors determining the radioecological situation in the terrest
rial ecosystems is the radionuclide species in a soil medium. Radionuclide
forms determine the processes of their entrance into the soil solutions\,
redistribution in soils\, migration to the surface\, ground and undergrou
nd waters and spreading outside of the contaminated area.\nThe present wor
k is devoted to investigation of physicochemical forms and migration abili
ty of plutonium and americium in soils of Polessie State Radiation-Ecologi
cal Reserve (PSRER)\, where located the main part of α-emitting radionucl
ides of Chernobyl origin.\nThe objects of investigation were mineral and o
rganic soils sampled in 2008 with the step of 5 cm to the depth of 25–30
cm. The forms of plutonium and americium distinguishing by association wi
th the different components of soil and by potential for migration in the
soil medium were studied using the method of sequential selective extracti
on according the modified Tessier scheme. Activities of 238Pu\, 239\,240Pu
and 241Am in the samples were determined by the method of radiochemical a
nalysis with α-spectrometer radionuclide identification.\nA vertical radi
onuclide distribution in soils and the total radionuclide reserves in the
soil profiles were established. Intensities of vertical radionuclides’ m
igration in the soils were estimated. It was shown that the main part of p
lutonium and americium is in the 0–20 cm soil layer\, more often in 0-10
cm layer. Location of the radionuclide weighted mean quantity in the soil
s is at the depth of 3–15 cm from the soil surface. The average rate of
vertical radionuclide migration of this quantity varies from 0.15 to 0.7 c
m y-1 and is practically the same for plutonium and americium.\nThe main p
art of plutonium and americium in soils is in immobile forms. Radionuclide
portions in water soluble and reversibly bound forms do not exceed 9.4 %
of radionuclide content in the soil. In mineral soil samples\, the radionu
clide portion in these fractions exceeds the corresponding portion in orga
nic ones. In both mineral and organic soils\, the portion of mobile americ
ium is higher than plutonium. The portion of biological available forms of
plutonium and americium is 2.7–29 % of total radionuclide content in th
e soils. The higher portion of biological available forms is characteristi
c for mineral soil (14–29 %) as compared with that in organic one (2.7
–18 %). The reserves of mobile and biologically available radionuclide f
orms increase with the depth of soils. The increase of radionuclide portio
ns in mobile and biologically available forms promotes the radionuclide en
trance into the soil solution and enhancing the intensity of migration pro
cesses in the soil-plant system.\nThe main control factors of radionuclide
migration in soils under consideration are water regime and presence of r
adionuclide in composition of fuel particles. These factors could be more
affective than radionuclide solubility in the soil waters because of some
part of radionuclide transfer with the particles.\n\nThe work was fulfille
d in the frame of ЕSP.EAP.SFPP 983057 Project (“Science for Peace” NA
TO Programme).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/4/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/4/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Modification of precise technique for determining Pu mass fraction
by automatic coulometric titration method
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-21@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladimir Chistyakov (Russia\, Rosatom\, JSC"State Sc
ientific Center-Research Institute of Atomic Reactors"\, Radiochemical Uni
t)\n\nTechnique for determining plutonium total mass fraction in Pu prepar
ations and uranium-plutonium mixtures\, including MOX fuel for fast reacto
rs by the automatic coulometric titration is developed and successfully us
ed in RIAR for a long time. The paper presents the optimization results of
sample preparation and titration conditions on the facility\, developed i
n RIAR to minimize the total analysis error. Use of standard (CO) potassiu
m dichromate specimen without СО PuO2 for facility calibration during an
alysis result verification is experimentally proved. Metrological certific
ation of the developed technique version indicated that total analysis err
or of the Pu mass fraction in the specimen can be less than 0.05%. First\,
the developed precise technique for plutonium determination was applied d
uring the certification of State PuO2 standard specimen of the first class
for its plutonium mass fraction content.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/e
vent/1/contributions/21/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/21/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Current status of gross &alpha\;/&beta\; activity analysis in wate
r samples: A short overview of methods
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-5@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jana Meresova (Joint Research Centre-IRMM)\, Uwe Wä
tjen (Joint Research Centre-IRMM)\, Viktor Jobbàgy (Joint Research Centre
-IRMM)\n\nIn the last few decades\, increasing attention is paid to restri
ct exposure of the public to the naturally occurring radiation. The WHO (W
HO\, 2004) and the EU Council (EC\, 1998\; EC\, 2010-in preparation) have
determined the reference level of the effective dose received from drinkin
g water consumption at 100 μSv y-1. This value excludes the dose received
from 3H\, 40K\, 222Rn\, and radon decay products\, but it includes the ot
her α- and β-emitting radionuclides.\nIn general\, gross α–β analysi
s is used as the first step of the radiological characterization of drinki
ng waters as a screening method. Its main advantages are the relatively lo
w costs\, simplicity\, and stability. In the third edition of WHO guidelin
es for drinking water quality (WHO\, 2004) the recommended levels are 0.5
Bq L-1 for gross α and 1 Bq L-1 for gross β activities\, respectively. I
f the measured values are below the reference levels of gross activity\, t
he drinking water examined is acceptable for human consumption without any
further action with respect to its radioactivity. Otherwise\, nuclide spe
cific analysis is required to determine the radionuclide content using mor
e sophisticated\, more expensive and time-consuming procedures.\nDue to th
e uncertainties of gross α and β measurements this method is often the s
ubject of discussions and debates. The aim of this work is to collect info
rmation about recently used standard and routine methods concerning gross
α and β activity determination in drinking waters in order to evaluate t
heir possibilities. Sample preparation methods – e.g. evaporation\, co-p
recipitation – and detection systems – e.g. gas flow proportional coun
ting\, liquid scintillation counting and scintillation counting – are co
mpared on the ground of literature data. In the course of our work\, the f
ollowing parameters were analyzed: background\, counting efficiency\, inte
rferences\, sample capacity\, minimal detectable activity\, typical counti
ng time\, time demand of sample preparation.\nOn one hand\, the paper give
s an overview of the recently used techniques and\, on the other hand\, tr
ies to help finding a suitable gross α-β radioanalytical tool adapted to
the laboratory's demands. This work is part of our effort to develop a re
liable method to determine reference values for gross α and β activity i
n water samples to be used for an interlaboratory comparison between EU mo
nitoring laboratories in the near future.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/e
vent/1/contributions/5/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/5/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 238\,239\,240\,241Pu\, 241A
m\, 242\,243\,244Cm\, 90Sr\, 55Fe and 63Ni in low and intermediate level operational radwaste
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-6@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Grigorijus Duškesas (Institute of Physics)\, Galina
Lujaniene (Institute of Physics)\n\nRadioanalytical method for the determ
ination of radionuclides so called “difficult to determine” has been d
eveloped to characterize liquid and solid operational low and intermediate
level radioactive waste. The main steps of the method involve digestion o
f sample of various matrixes\, primary separation of radionuclides from ma
trix with the aim to reduce high γ activities and final purification of r
adionuclides using extraction chromatography. The commercially available E
ichrom resins (UTEVA\, TEVA\, TRU\, Sr Resin and Ni Resin) have been appli
ed. The method enables the simultaneous determination of 238Pu\, 239\,240P
u\, 241Pu\, 241Am\, 242Cm\, 243\,244Cm\, 90Sr\, 55Fe and 63Ni from a singl
e sample. Radionuclides were measured by means of α spectrometry and liqu
id scintillation. After measurements of 238Pu and 239\,240Pu\, plutonium i
sotopes were removed from the stain steel disc and following additional pu
rification 241Pu was measured using liquid scintillation. The method was a
pplied for determination of radionuclides in samples of different matrixes
derived from Ignalina NPP e.g. reactor water\, spent fuel pool water\, ev
aporated concentrate\, spent resins\, dust\, graphite etc. Accuracy and pr
ecision of Pu\, Am and Cm analysis were tested in intercomparison runs org
anized by the Risø National Laboratory\, Denmark and in proficiency test
organized by National Physical Laboratory\, UK.\n\nThe authors would like
to acknowledge the financial support of European Commission (European Atom
ic Energy Community [EURATOM]) for funding project 211333 in the Seventh F
ramework programme.\nThe work has also been supported by Agency for Intern
ational Science and Technology Development Programmes in Lithuania (contra
ct No. 31V-180).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/6/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/6/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Removal of Cs\, Sr\, Pu and Am from contaminated solutions by inor
ganic sorbents
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-7@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Valentyn Kanibolotskyy (Institute for Sorption and P
roblems of Endoecology\, Generala Naumova 13\, 03164 Kiev\, Ukraine)\, Svi
tlana Meleshevych (Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology\, Ge
nerala Naumova 13\, 03164 Kiev\, Ukraine)\, Tomas Sčiglo (Institute of Ph
ysics)\, Olga Oleksienko (Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecolo
gy\, Generala Naumova 13\, 03164 Kiev\, Ukraine)\, Volodymyr Strelko (Inst
itute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology\, Generala Naumova 13\, 031
64 Kiev\, Ukraine)\, Justina Šapolaitė (Institute of Physics)\, Galina L
ujaniene (Institute of Physics)\n\nRecently growing concern about contamin
ation of the environment with radioactive and non-radioactive pollutants r
esulted in intensive studies related to the development of new technologie
s for separation of radionuclides from liquid waste. These new technologie
s should be based on highly selective materials (e.g.\, crystalline titani
um silicates) which are hard to decompose over a wide range of pH\, which
remain stable at high temperatures\, which are resistant to ionizing radia
tion and which are able to operate in the presence of a great excess of co
mpetitive ions\, organic solvents and oxidants. However\, complicated tech
nologies\, high capital and regeneration costs stimulated studies to devel
op low-cost and efficient technologies based on naturally occurring minera
ls such as zeolites and clay minerals. Another option could be an applicat
ion of amorphous porous mixed oxides - a rapidly developing class of mater
ials prepared by sol-gel procedures\, the main benefit of which are very s
imple procedures conducted under mild reaction conditions in the ambient a
tmosphere. Ferrites and a variety of iron-containing minerals such as akag
aneite\, feroxyhyte\, ferrihydrite\, goethite\, hematite\, lepidocrocite\,
maghemite and magnetite are also a promising class for the treatment of l
iquid wastes containing radioactive and hazardous metals. \nThe aim of thi
s study was to prepare amorphous TiSi by sol-gel procedures\, to synthesiz
e various iron oxides\, to characterize them using IR\, XRD\, Mössbauer s
pectroscopy and to carry out a comparative assessment of possible applicat
ion of these low-cost synthetic inorganic sorbents with conventional and n
atural sorptive materials in liquid waste treatment technologies to remove
long-lived radionuclides such as Cs\, Sr\, Pu and Am. \nResults obtained
using a bath method\, ICP-MS\, γ\, α spectrometry and β counting reveal
ed that titanium silicates\, synthesized using TiOSO4 without reference to
the chosen method - a precipitation or sol-gel\, showed the highest sorpt
ion ability towards studied radionuclides. Magnetite and clay minerals sho
wed better sorption ability towards americium. The highest Pu Kd values a
nd better Pu sorption kinetics were found for synthetic iron oxides. An in
crease in the Pu Kd value by a factor of 6.8 found for magnetite/hematite
composite in comparison with the pure magnetite suggests that this sorbent
is efficient for plutonium removal and it is promising for its separation
from contaminated solutions. TiSi tested in this study showed close sorpt
ion ability towards studied radionuclides in comparison with crystalline T
iSi\, whereas they were synthesized under mild conditions using cheaper ma
terials. In addition\, TiSi prepared by the sol-gel method has certain adv
antages in comparison with the fine powder TiSi because of a huge potentia
l for tailoring of chemical composition\, porosity and surface properties\
, as well as for the production in the granular form\, which is especially
important for practical purposes. \n\nThe research was supported by the M
inistry of Education and Science of the Republic of Lithuania and the Lith
uanian State Science and Studies Foundation projects V-19/2009.\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/7/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/7/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:State and migratory ability of uranium and radium in the soils of
Belarus
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-9@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marina Papenia (Belarus State University)\, Katsiary
na Voinikava (Belarus State University)\, Galina Sokolik (Belarus State Un
iversity)\n\nAlpha-emitting uranium and radium are present practically in
all ecosystems and together with their decay products play an important ro
le in formation of internal radiation dose of population from natural radi
onuclides. This dose depends essentially not only on the content of radion
uclides in environmental components\, but also on the radionuclides’ sta
te and migratory ability in a soil medium.\nThe aim of this work is the de
termination of uranium and radium species in soils and natural soil waters
and evaluation of radionuclide migratory ability in different soils.\nThe
objects of investigation were samples of 0-10 cm layers of soils from dif
ferent regions of Belarus.\nThe natural system “solid phase – pore wat
er of soil” have been used for determination of uranium and radium migra
tory active forms in the soil samples. The potentially mobile forms and po
tentially biologically available forms were determined using accordingly t
he model systems "soil – 1 mol/L solution of ammonium acetate" and "soil
– 1 mol/L solution of HCl".\nRadionuclide species in soil waters were i
nvestigated by passing of the water samples through the filters of differe
nt pore size with subsequent separation of complex radionuclide forms of d
ifferent electrostatic charge using the method of ion exchange chromatogra
phy. Radionuclide activity in the samples was determined by radiochemical
analysis with radionuclide identification by α spectrometer SOLOIST U0450
with low-background detectors 576 A 600 RV.\nThe specific activities of t
he soil samples are 4.8–22 Bq/kg for 238U and 4.5–29 Bq/kg for 226Ra.
It was found that both 228U (84–94%) and 226Ra (77–91%) are mostly in
the fixed forms (insoluble in 1 mol/L HCl). The radionuclide rate in migra
tory active forms for 238U was 0.06–0.7 % and for 226Ra 0.01–1.0 % of
the total radionuclide content in soil samples. The rates of potentially m
obile radionuclide forms are 3.1–9.3 % for 228U and 1.8–4.5 % for 226R
a but the radionuclide rates of potentially biologically available forms a
re respectively 6–16 % and 9–23 % of the corresponding radionuclide co
ntent in the soil samples.\nThe main part of 228U and 226Ra of natural soi
l water samples (65–91 %) is in dissolved state or in composition of fin
e colloidal (less than 0.45 μm) particles. The radionuclides in this stat
e are the most mobile in environment. In composition of this portion of na
tural water samples 226Ra is mainly in the cationic form\, but 228U coexis
t in anionic\, cationic and neutral complexes. In organic soil waters\, th
e anionic uranium complexes prevail\, but in mineral soil waters\, the cat
ionic and neutral complexes are the main portion of radionuclide.\nThe rec
eived information allows estimating the uranium and radium rates in forms
participating actively in radionuclide distribution in the soil medium as
well as evaluating the radionuclide reserves in forms that can enter the s
oil solutions and participate in processes of biogeochemical radionuclide
migration in ecosystems. The results of investigation are the basis for di
fferentiation of soils according to migration ability of uranium and radiu
m and for modeling of radionuclide transferring in the environment.\n\nhtt
ps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/9/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/9/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioanalytical investigations of uranium concentrations in natura
l spring\, mineral\, spa and drinking waters in Hungary
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-10@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Péter Dombovári (Paks Nuclear Power Plant Ltd.)\,
Gàbor Szeiler (Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology\, University
of Pannonia\, Veszprém\, Hungary)\, Jànos Somlai (Institute of Radiochem
istry and Radioecology\, University of Pannonia\, Veszprém\, Hungary)\, N
orbert Kàvàsi (Social Organization for Radioecological Cleanliness\, Ves
zprém\, Hungary)\, Tibor Kovàcs (Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioec
ology\, University of Pannonia\, Veszprém\, Hungary)\, Viktor Jobbàgy (J
oint Research Centre-IRMM)\n\nAs many other countries in the Central Europ
ean region\, (e.g. Czech Republic\, Slovakia\, Romania) Hungary is rich in
spring-\, thermal-\, and mineral waters as well. Recently the consumption
of natural mineral- and spring waters comes to be more and more popular i
n a certain populations. It is well known some of these waters have elevat
ed level of dissolved naturally origin radionuclides\, but their concentra
tion may vary in a wide range. In some cases elevated level of dose exposu
re can be expected. In spite of this fact most of the recommendations do n
ot apply to natural mineral waters and to waters that are classified as of
medicinal benefit. From dosimetric point of view\, it has a great importa
nce to screen the radioactivity of these waters as well.\nWithin this work
\, the activity concentrations of uranium isotopes (234U\, 23%U\, and 238U
) were analyzed in some of the popular and regularly consumed Hungarian mi
neral-\, spring-\, therapeutically waters and tap waters. Samples were sel
ected randomly and were taken from different regions of Hungary (Balaton U
pland\, Bükk Mountain\, Somogy Hills\, Mezőföld\, Lake Hévíz).\nUrani
um isotopes were separated from impurities by extraction chromatographic r
esin and the activity concentrations were determined by using α spectrome
try.\nConcentration (mBq L-1) of 234U\, 235U\, and 238U in the waters is v
aried from 0.71 to 741.95\, from 234U and 238U varies from 0.630 to 4.717.
\nThe doses for the analyzed samples of spring water are in the range 0.04
–35.87 μSv y-1 with an average 4.86 μSv y-1.This is well below the 0.1
mSv y-1 reference level of the committed effective dose recommended by WH
O. The other naturally occurring α emitting radionuclides (226Ra\, 210Po)
will be analyzed later to complete the dose assessment. This study provid
es preliminary information for consumers and authorities about their inter
nal radiological exposure risk due to annual intake of uranium isotopes vi
a water consumption.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/
10/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/10/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Recent developments of nuclear forensic signatures of yellow cakes
DTSTART:20100422T034500Z
DTEND:20100422T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-12@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Klaus Mayer (EC JRC Institute for Transuranium Eleme
nts)\, Maria Wallenius (EC JRC Institute for Transuranium Elements)\, Zsol
t Varga (EC JRC Institute for Transuranium Elements)\n\nNatural uranium is
the starting material for the production of nuclear fuels. Uranium of nat
ural isotopic composition is mined from uranium containing ores in differe
nt geological formations. The uranium is extracted\, chemically purified a
nd pre-concentrated. As an industrial scale material\, uranium ore concent
rates will carry signatures that provide information on the history and on
the origin of the uranium. These signatures may be source material inheri
ted or process inherited. In the present work we investigated the signific
ance and potential application of parameters such as the rare earth elemen
tal patterns or strontium and lead stable isotope ratios. The methodology
developed and its application to uranium ore concentrates from different m
ines around the world will be presented.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/ev
ent/1/contributions/12/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/12/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Further results in search of transuranium isotopes in effluents di
scharged to air from nuclear power plants
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-44@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eva Schlesingerová (National Radiation Protection I
nstitute)\, Zoltán Hölgye (National Radiation Protection Institute)\n\nI
n this work we present data on transuranium isotopes in effluents (quarter
ly\, since 2006 half-yearly determined activity concentrations of 238Pu\,
239\,240Pu\, 241Am\, 242Cm and 244Cm in discharged effluents\, annual disc
harged activities of individual radionuclides) discharged to air from 7 st
acks in 2004-2009. In the effluents discharged to air from one stack low-l
evel activities of transuranium isotopes were present throughout the studi
ed period. Transuranium isotopes had been discharged to air from this stac
k also in previous years since 1996 when defect in the cladding of a fuel
element and consequent contamination of the primary circuit occurred. In t
he effluents discharged to air from another stack transuranium isotopes we
re present only in some monitoring periods of studied years. We could not
prove transuranium isotopes in the effluents of the other stacks up to 200
6. The transuranium isotopes in discharged effluents were registered in t
he second half-year of 2006. In further years (2007-8)\, especially low-le
vel 241Am was found in these effluents.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/eve
nt/1/contributions/44/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/44/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Impact of hydrogen generated by iron corrosion on compacted benton
ite in deep geological repository
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-15@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: antonin vokal (czech chemical society)\, petr polivk
a (czech chemical society)\n\nA large number of processes will influence p
erformance of deep geological repository of radioactive wastes until the a
ctivity of radionuclides decay to a negligible level. One of the very impo
rtant processes is generation of gases\, and particularly of hydrogen\, wh
ich will be formed primarily by anaerobic corrosion of metals and by radio
lysis of water. High pressure formed in the vicinity of waste packages due
to accumulation of hydrogen can cause failure of sealing materials and co
ntribute to fast release of radionuclides to the geosphere after waste pac
kage failure. This contribution presents the results of laboratory experim
ents\, which simulated the phase of repository evolution after ingression
of water in failed canister with spent fuel assemblies\, which is connecte
d with significant generation and accumulation of hydrogen in free voids o
f waste packages and at interfaces of waste packages and compacted bentoni
te used as a sealing material. Corrosion of carbon steel canisters inside
walls is simulated by corrosion of iron powder with high surface. It was f
ound that after an increase of pressure of hydrogen to the values exceedin
g some threshold values\, which depends on density bentonite\, hydrogen is
released to geosphere in pulses due to formation of preferential paths. T
his is connected with a significant increase of permeability of bentonite
from values of approximately 10-24 m2 to 10-18 m2 within the breakthrough
time. The pressure needed to reach breakthrough is decreased with number o
f breakthrough pulses. Data obtained in experiments enable us to underst
and more closely to the processes occurring in a repository and to avoid c
onditions\, which could lead to the failure of sealing materials and fast
release of radionuclides to the geosphere and the environment.\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/15/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/15/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrochemical separation of actinides from molten LiCl-KCl on so
lid Al cathodes
DTSTART:20100419T110000Z
DTEND:20100419T111500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-16@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jean-Paul Glatz (European Commission\, Joint Researc
h Centre\, Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU))\, Christophe Nourry
(European Commission\, Joint Research Centre\, Institute for Transuranium
Elements (ITU))\, Eric Mendes (European Commission\, Joint Research Centre
\, Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU))\, Rikard Malmbeck (European
Commission\, Joint Research Centre\, Institute for Transuranium Elements (
ITU))\, Pavel Soucek (European Commission\, Joint Research Centre\, Instit
ute for Transuranium Elements (ITU))\n\nAn electrorefining process in molt
en chloride salts using solid aluminium cathodes is being developed in the
Institute for Transuranium Elements to recover all actinides from metalli
c spent nuclear fuel. In this process\, actinides are group-selectively el
ectrodeposited on the cathode in a form of solid actinide-aluminium alloys
. Fission products are anodically co-oxidised from the fuel together with
actinides to the electrolyte. Without purification of this carrier salt\,
the process would have to be stopped after concentration of the dissolved
fission products would become too high to prevent selective deposition of
actinides on the cathode. A multiple-steps procedure is considered for cle
aning of the salt and a process refered as 'exhaustive electrolysis' is pr
oposed for the first purification step. Similarly to the electrorefining p
rocess\, this technique is based on the group-selective electrodeposition
of actinides on solid aluminium cathodes forming actinide-aluminium alloys
. On the anodic side\, chlorine gas is produced by electrochemical decompo
sition of the carrier salt. The presented work was carried out in order to
prove feasibility of the method. Two galvanostatic electrolyses were real
ised and the potentials of both electrodes were constantly followed. Urani
um was successfully recovered from LiCl-KCl melts containing UCl3 and a mi
xture of UCl3-NdCl3 and its concentration decreased from 1.7 to 0.1 wt. %
with no co-deposition of neodymium. Although the maximum applicable curren
t densities were relatively low\, the results are promising\, showing high
current efficiency and selectivity of the proposed method. A design and a
pplication of a special chlorine gas producing inert anode is also discuss
ed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/16/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/16/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:129I in Finnish waters
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-17@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Xiaolin Hou (Technical University of Denmark\, Risö
\, Denmark)\, Harri Kankaanpää (Finnish Environment Institute\, Helsinki
\, Finland)\, Juha Flinkman (Finnish Environment Institute\, Helsinki\, Fi
nland)\, Jussi Paatero (Finnish Meteorological Institute\, Helsinki\, Finl
and)\, Göran Possnert (University of Uppsala\, Uppsala\, Sweden)\, Tero R
äty (University of Helsinki\, Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Helsinki\,
Finland)\, Jukka Lehto (Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Department of Chemi
stry\, University of Helsinki)\n\n129I is a long-lived beta-emitting (Emax
154\,4 keV) radioisotope of iodine. Its half-life is 15\,7 million years.
129I is produced mainly by human nuclear activities and especially it has
been released to the environment from the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing
plants. In the pre-nuclear era 129I/127I ratios in the environment were a
pproximately 10-12. Nowadays 129I/127I ratios have reached values from 10-
10 to 10-4. \n\nIn this study\, activity concentrations of 129I and its
distribution into various chemical species (iodide I-\, iodate IO3- and b
ound in organics) were analyzed from four different lakes in Finland and f
rom four different sea locations on the Gulf of Finland\, the Bothnian Sea
and the Bothnian Bay. 129I was also analyzed from four rainwater samples
. Samples were taken in the summer of 2009. \n\nAfter filtering the 0.3 l
water samples\, separation of various iodine species was done by anion exc
hange chromatography: 129IO3- passes through an anion exchange resin bed i
n NO3- form while 129I- absorbs into the bed. 129I- is eluted from resin w
ith NaClO. Finally samples were precipitated by AgNO3 to form AgI and 129I
was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Stable iodine (127I)
was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).\n
\nFirst results from a lake in the southern Finland and from water taken f
rom the Finnish Bay in front of Helsinki show that levels of 129I in lake
water are around 1×109 atoms per litre while in sea water the levels are
4-5 times higher. 129I occurs both in lake and sea water mainly in iodide
form and the fraction of iodate form is only about 5%. The 129I/127I ratio
has clearly elevated compared to natural levels\, and are approximately t
he same in sea and in lake\, 14×10-8 and 8×10-8\, respectively. These re
sults are only preliminary and a better picture of the situation will be o
btained after finalizing the project. The results obtained so far are\, ho
wever\, at the same level as obtained in Swedish studies at the same latit
udes.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/17/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/17/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:EPR measurements on N-bearing ligands used in spent nuclear fuel r
eprocessing for An(III)/Ln(III) partitioning
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-19@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniele Dondi (Università degli Studi di Pavia\, Di
partimento di Chimica Generale\, Italy)\, Armando Buttafava (Università d
egli Studi di Pavia\, Dipartimento di Chimica Generale\, Italy)\, Mario Ma
riani (Politecnico di Milano \, Dipartimento di Energia - Italy)\, Matteo
Mazzuccato (European Commission\, Joint Research Centre\, Ispra Site Direc
torate\, Italy)\n\nA future goal for the reprocessing of spent nuclear fue
l is the transmutation of long-lived minor actinides\, such as americium a
nd curium\, into short-lived isotopes by means of neutron irradiation. In
order to develope an effective transmutation process\, it is necessary to
separate the trivalent minor actinides\, An(III)\, from the trivalent lant
hanides\, Ln(III) by means of two subsequent solvent extraction processes:
i) DIAMEX to extract both Ln(III) and An(III) from PUREX raffinate and i
i) SANEX to obtain the selective extraction of An(III) from the output of
DIAMEX process.\nThe present work concerns the degradation due to ionizin
g radiation released by radionuclides to the selected solvent system invol
ved in the SANEX process. The high-energy radiations are able to modify th
e ligands molecules structures changing their extractant capabilities. In
particular\, several aspects must be considered when selecting a molecule
to be used in the mentioned process: chemical stability\; solubility in or
ganic diluents\; extraction capability of metal ions with appropriate dist
ribution ratios\; and resistance towards irradiation. Some aza-heterocycl
ic extractant molecules C2-BT (5\,6 diethyl (1\,2\,4 bis-triazine)\, C2-BT
P (2\,6-diethyl(1\,2\,4-triazine-3-yl)pyridine)\, C5-BTBP (6\,6’-bis-(5\
,6-dipentyl-[1\,2\,4]triazine-3-yl[2\,2’]bipyridinyl) and CyMe4BTBP (2\,
6-bis-(5\,5\,8\,8-tetramethyl-5\,6\,7\,8-tetrahydro-benzo[1\,2\,4]triazin-
3-yl)-[2\,2’]bipyridinyl)\, constituted by pyridine and triazine aromati
c rings with chelating nitrogen donor atoms\, have been studied during the
European Research Project EUROPART. Furthermore\, the mentioned molecules
present aliphatic side groups as\, n-carbon alkyl substituents (methyl\,
ethyl or penthyl chains)\, or cyclohexyl moieties to ensure their lipophil
ic behavior after coordination of trivalent metal ions during liquid-liqui
d extraction processes. To carry out studies concerning radical mechanisms
\, the abovementioned molecules were irradiated in a Co-60 gamma irradiati
on facility (up to 113 kGy with a dose rate of 0.5 kGy/h)\, at 77 K to red
uce radicals reactivity before investigations by EPR Spectrometry. A prel
iminary EPR screening on the four ligand molecules shows the presence of r
adiation-induced radicals on both the aromatic and aliphatic sides of the
ligands. In particular\, irradiation of C2-BTP in alcoholic solutions high
lighted the formation of azacyclohexadienyl radical as intermediated speci
e. The azacyclohexadienyl radical has been recognized by simulated spectra
using appropriate hyperfine constants\, and similar signals have been col
lected also for irradiated solution of C5-BTBP. The EPR spectra collected
on samples of C5-BTBP powder\, irradiated in air\, disclosed the formation
of peroxide radical species ROO•. Further simulations on the EPR spectr
um collected at 208 K revealed definitively the presence of peroxide speci
es on C5-BTBP. \nIn conclusion\, taking into account the peroxide radical
formation proven on C5-BTBP powder\, it was possible to propose several r
adical mechanisms able to modified the extractant capabilities of the inve
stigated molecules.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/1
9/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/19/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of fluorine in selected reference materials by instr
umental photon activation analysis
DTSTART:20100423T030000Z
DTEND:20100423T031500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-24@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Chvátil (Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR)\, Zd
eněk Řanda (Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR)\, Jiří Mizera (Nuclear Phy
sics Institute ASCR)\, Ivana Krausová (Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR)\n\
nPossibilities of nondestructive determination of fluorine in selected geo
logical (coals\, rocks) and biological reference materials by instrumental
photon activation analysis (IPAA) using the MT 25 microtron have been stu
died. The determination has been based on counting of the non-specific 511
keV annihilation gamma rays of F-18\, product of the photonuclear reactio
n F-19 (γ\, n) F-18 and a pure positron emitter. To eliminate production
of C-11\, irradiation was performed below the threshold energy of its form
ation\, i.e.\, below 19 MeV. The determination was interfered by simultane
ous formation of several other positron emitters\, particularly Ti-45 and
Cl-34m. Interference contributions from Na-22\, Sc-44\, Zr-89\, As-74\, an
d Rb-84 are small or negligible. By further optimization of beam energy an
d irradiation-decay-counting times and using correction standards for the
interfering nuclides\, IPAA allowed determination of fluorine in selected
reference materials at the ten mg/kg level.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
/event/1/contributions/24/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/24/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measuring of gross &alpha\; and &beta\; activity by means of LSC
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-25@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jiri Janda (-)\, Petr Sladek (-)\, Daniel Sas (-)\n\
nMeasuring of gross alpha and beta activity of radioactive aerosols is one
of the tasks of field analyses of radioactive substances in the army of t
he Czech Republic. It is performed by suction of air through filters and m
easuring of gross activity. Furthermore the field analyze includes determi
nation of gross alpha and beta activity of water\, milk\, soil\, food\, sm
ear and gamma spectrometric measurement.\nThe problem of determination of
gross alpha and beta activity of aerosols filters by means of LSC is solv
ed. This method is perspective and appropriate for rapid measurement of gr
oss alpha and beta activity because of alpha and beta separation\, thus si
multaneous measurement of alpha and beta radionuclides and 4π geometry wi
thout any filter modification.\nThe method is based on Automatic TDCR Liqu
id Scintillation Counter Hidex 300 SL. Model radionuclides were chosen due
to their military significance\, radio toxicity and possibility of misusi
ng by terrorists - 90Sr\, 210Pb\, 239Pu a 241Am.\nThree type of filters we
re investigate – paper and glass filters in LSC cocktail insoluble and s
oluble or partially soluble nitrocellulose filters. The attention was also
paid to selection of convenient type and volume of the LSC cocktail.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/25/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/25/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Cobalt bis(dicarbollide) ions with covalently bonded TODGA-like su
bstituents for actinide and lanthanide extractions
DTSTART:20100419T103000Z
DTEND:20100419T104500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-26@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pavel SELUCKÝ (Nuclear Research Institute plc Řež
)\, Magdaléna KVÍČALOVÁ (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry\, Academy of
Sciences of the Czech Republic\, v.v.i.)\, Bohumir GRÜNER (Institute of
Inorganic Chemistry\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic\, v.v.i.)\
, Mária LUČANÍKOVÁ (Nuclear Research Institute plc Řež)\n\nThe parti
tioning and transmutation of long-lived nuclides such as minor actinides f
rom high liquid waste (HLW) issued from nuclear fuel reprocessing is a met
hod how to reduce the long-term environmental burder of HLW. In recent yea
rs\, several HLW partitioning processes using different extractant agents
have been developed. Among them\, the tridentate ligands like N\,N\,N′\,
N′-tetraoctyl diglycolamide (TODGA) are one of the most promising extrac
tants for the recovery of actinides and lanthanides in the nuclear fuel tr
eatment.\nIn this work\, the recently developed extractants based on cobal
t bis(dicarbollide) ion(1-)\, [(1\,2-C2B9H11)2-3-Co)]- (COSAN) functionali
zed with TODGA like substituents were evaluated for extraction of trivalen
t actinides and lanthanides from acidic waste solutions. The extractants u
nder study differed in substitution of the amide nitrogen (e.g. by butyl-\
, octyl-\, terc-octyl-\, dodecyl-\, benzyl- groups) and the mode of attach
ment of two cobalt bis(dicarbollide) anions (with or without spacer) to di
glycolyl acid platform by amidic bonds. It was found\, the compounds with
longer diethyleneglycol connectors between COSAN cage and diglycolamide gr
oup extracted trivalent lanthanides and actinides very effectively even fr
om highly acidic nitric acid solutions. Additionally\, the extraction effi
ciency of such derivates was significantly higher than that of comparable
organic TODGA molecules without COSANs. The most perspective compound from
this series corresponds to the formula X-[(8-CH2-CH2O)2-1\,2-C2B9H10)(1
’\,2’-C2B9H11)-3\,3’-Co]2\, where central amidic unit X corresponds
to [(n-C8H17-NCOCH2)2O]. We will be demonstrate here\, this extractant ena
bles good extraction of trivalent lanthanides and actinides from majority
of fission products presented in the simulated PUREX feed. Trivalent radio
nuclides can be effectively stripped using complexants. This extractant wi
ll be further studied for possible technological applications.\n\nWe thank
for partial support from Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Project No.
104/09/0668)\, Radioactive Waste Repository Authority (Project 2007/006/Š
umb and 2009/002/Šu)\, and Research Plan AV0Z40320502 from AS CR.\n\nhttp
s://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/26/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/26/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of Tupiguarani Tradition archaeological ceramics
from Espirito Santo\, Brazil\, applying neutron activation and multivariat
e statistical analyses
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-29@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Radojko Jaćimović (Jožef Stefan Institute\, Depar
tment of Environmental Sciences\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Camila Jacome (C
ooperative of Entrepreneurs for Cultural Actions\, COOP. CULTURA\, Belo Ho
rizonte\, Brazil)\, Loredana Ribeiro (Cooperative of Entrepreneurs for Cul
tural Actions\, COOP. CULTURA\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil)\, Gleikam Faria
(Post-Graduation in Radiation\, Mineral and Material Science and Technolog
y\, Nuclear Technology Development Centre / Brazilian Commission for Nucle
ar Energy\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil)\, Maria Angela Menezes (Nuclear Techn
ology Development Centre / Brazilian Commission for Nuclear Energy\, Divis
ion for Reactor and Analytical Techniques\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil)\n\nTh
e Portuguese settlers arrived in the coast of the Brazilian State of Espí
rito Santo in sixteenth century and built several “Missões Jesuíticas
” (Jesuitical Missions). In spite of living within the Mission and been
catechized\, the Indians\, Tupiguarani Tradition\, kept on producing tradi
tional handcraft\, as the decorated ceramic\, however\, they introduced Eu
ropean elements during the production to the decoration.\nThe archaeologic
al interventions carried out along the coast of Espírito Santo\, found th
e Tupiguarani Tradition vestiges\, where the main evidence is a pretty cer
amic with the occurrence of plastic and painted decoration. The ceramic pr
esents high archaeological value among the vestiges. It is a material very
resistant to time and to the natural conditions in the surrounding areas.
Its chemical composition\, once determined\, can help understand the conn
ection between the past and the present. Therefore\, archaeology can fill
the gap between ancient population and modern society elucidating the evid
ences found in archaeological sites.\nThe main purpose of this paper was t
o contribute to the understanding of the Tupiguarani Tradition occupation
in this region. During the research expeditions\, many sherds were found i
n 13 archaeological sites in the study area. Inside this context\, seventy
ceramic fragments were analyzed by neutron activation technique\, k0-stan
dardization method\, at CDTN/CNEN using the TRIGA MARK I IPR-R1 nuclear re
actor\, in order to characterize their elemental composition. The results
were treated with multivariate statistic analyses - Cluster and Principal
Components Analysis – and discussed. This study is part of the Coordinat
ed Research Project CRP BRA 14798\, supported by the IAEA.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/29/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/29/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radionuclides in drinking water - an overview: The EU directive\,
analysis\, the Austrian standard\, geographical distribution\, removal and
waste problems
DTSTART:20100419T060000Z
DTEND:20100419T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-30@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Franz Schoenhofer (BMLFUW - retired)\n\nDrinking wat
er is the most important food\, therefore special care has to be taken for
its purity. The European Union has issued a Directive on the Quality of D
rinking Water\, which also contains a chapter on radionuclides. The detail
s will be discussed. \n\nWith rare exceptions only Naturally Ocurring Radi
oactive Material (NORM) is of importance for the dose from drinking water.
NORM usually cannot be determined by putting a sample on the Ge-Detector
. Radiochemistry is needed. \nNew methods have been introduced and the tra
ditional measurement of Rn-222 and Ra-226 has been extended to other radio
nuclides like Ra-228\, Po-210 and Pb-210.\n\nThe Austrian Standard on Comp
liance with the EU Indicative Dose will be presented and recommended to be
used with country specific adaptions. \n \nIn this context the geographic
al distribution of radionuclide concentrations in drinking water are of im
portance and examples will be given.\n\nFinally the question of purificati
on of water arises. The results of a EU-project on removal of NORM (TENAWA
) will be presented as well as the logical question of (radioactive) waste
from the purification.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributio
ns/30/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/30/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Temperature effects on emanation of radon from rock to water and o
n its partition between water and air
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-59@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kyung Seok Ko (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Min
eral Resources)\, Yoon Yeol Yoon (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Minera
l Resources)\, Kil Yong Lee (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Res
ources)\n\nEmanation of radon (222Rn) from rock and partition of radon bet
ween water and air are important parameters\, so its evaluation is of sign
ificance in the study of radiation protection\, environmental geochemistry
\, climate change and so on. In this study\, emanation of radon from rock
particles (1-2 mm) to water and partition of radon between water and air b
y temperature of 0\, 10 and 20 °C have been determined using an equilibra
tion partitioning in a closed system (EPICS) method. Specific activity of
radon in the rock particles used here were 4.990 ± 20 Bq/kg. The results
show that emanation of radon from rock and partition of radon on air incre
ase with increasing the system temperature\, however partition of radon on
water slightly decreases with increasing temperature. In conclusion\, rad
on emanation from bed rock or soil and partition of radon between water an
d air is controlled by temperature change\, which in turn is also governed
by climate change.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/5
9/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/59/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioiodination and biodistribution of the monoclonal antibody TU-
20 and its scFv fragment
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-32@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Miroslav Fiser (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASC
R\, 250 68 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Hana Chaloupkova (ENVINET\, a
.s.\, Czech Republic)\, Helena Svecova (Nuclear Physics Institute of the A
SCR\, 250 68 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Veronika Kleinova (Nuclear
Physics Institute of the ASCR\, 250 68 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\n\n
The ability of the monoclonal antibody TU-20 and its scFv fragment to bind
specifically to the C-end of the class III β-tubulin makes these substan
ces useful as potential diagnostics for neurodegenerative diseases – es
pecially peripheral neuropathies. \nTU-20 and its scFv were labeled with
125I and 123I by chloramine-T (with average yield 0.75 and 0.50\, respecti
vely). Radiochemical purity and stability was revealed by gel filtration (
decrease to 80 % and 50 % in two months\, respectively). Immunoreactivity
of the labeled TU-20 was determined by ELISA - the range of the preserved
immunoreactivity varies from 60 % to 95 % in accordance to the used radio
labeling process. RIA and affinity coupling analytic methods were specif
ically designed with focusing on specifics of the antibody and its fragmen
t. The results of RIA differ in depandance on the type of the reaction ves
sel (glass or polystyrene) and the affinity coupling results depend on the
experimental arrangement - in the batch or at the column. Fragmentation o
f the labeled antibody and its fragment was estimated by bis-tris gel elec
trophoresis followed by silver staining and autoradiography (over 95 % of
radioactivity bound in the substances). The antibody binding in tissue sli
ces was studied in vitro by immunohistochemistry. The Purkinje cells were
observed conjugated with the radiolabeled substances – either TU-20 or i
ts ScFv fragment in the area of the cerebellum.\nIn vivo biodistribution
of 125I-TU-20\, 125I-scFv TU-20\, 123I-scFv TU-20 and Na125I was proceeded
in normal mice (wild type C57B/6/J). Both biomolecules labeled by 123I we
re also proved in an imaging biodistribution study with use of the SPECT c
amera. Finally\, a transgene population G93A1 Gur was used for comparative
study to show the different behaviour of the substances in a normal mouse
and in the modified organism with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). T
he most part of differences is observed in the area of the muscles\, rosta
l and caudal spinal cord. \nIn summary\, the monoclonal antibody TU-20 and
its scFv were successfully radioiodinated and afterwards analysed by seve
ral quality control methods and biodistribution studies which confirmed th
eir preserved or expected immunoanalytical characteristics in normal and g
enetically modified organism.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/32/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/32/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Use of hydrolysis for separation and removal of radionuclides from
solution
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-33@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Artsiom Radkevich (Joint Institute for Power and Nuc
lear Research)\, Dmitri Davydov (Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Res
earch)\n\nBehaviour of radionuclides in such processes as sorption\, ion-e
xchange\, ultrafiltration\, etc.\, that are used for removal of radionucli
des from solution\, is largely determined by their speciation in solution.
The hydrolysis of metal ions in solution is particularly interesting in t
hat respect\, since most of the liquid radioactive wastes are aqueous solu
tions. \n The following forms of metal ions (Mez+) occur in aqueou
s solution as the pH increases from acidic to basic conditions:\n\n- hy
drated cations (Me(H2O)z+) \n- mononuclear hydroxocomplexes (Me(OH)qz-q
+)\n- polynuclear hydroxocomplexes (Mep(OH)qpz-q+)\n- pseudocolloids
\n\n Each of the above forms possesses specific physico-chemical pr
operties that can be effectively used for separation of radionuclides from
solution. It has been shown that using the differences in ability of var
ious metals to form hydroxocomplexes and the differences in behaviour of
the above species in sorption and ultrafiltration processes it is possible
to develop highly selective methods for extraction of radionuclides from
solution\, including anionic species.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event
/1/contributions/33/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/33/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation and environmental monitoring at the sites for the RW and
SNF temporary storage in Russia
DTSTART:20100422T041500Z
DTEND:20100422T043000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-34@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anatoly Lukyanec (DalRAO Facility-1\, Fokino\, Russi
a)\, Elena Shchelkanova (SevRAO Facility -1\, Murmansk\, Russia)\, Nataliy
a Novikova (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center\, Moscow\, Russia
)\, Alexey Titov (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center\, Moscow\,
Russia)\, Vladimir Seregin (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center\,
Moscow\, Russia)\, Malgorzata Sneve (Norwegian Radiation Protection Autho
rity\, Oslo\, Norway)\, Nataliya Shandala (Burnasyan Federal Medical Bioph
ysical Centre)\, Sergey Kiselev (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Cen
ter\, Moscow\, Russia)\n\nIn the light of the operation life termination o
f the Navy nuclear submarines and their technical service vessels\, and be
cause of international obligations of the Russian Federation to reduce arm
aments\, the intensive decommissioning has started since the latter 1980-s
. The decommissioning rate was higher than these submarine dismantlement r
ate determined by the available abilities of the industrial infrastructure
. Therefore\, radioactive wastes were being accumulated at the sites for t
he RW and SNF temporary storage (STS)\, like a shot. From this perspective
\, ex-Navy shore technical bases located in Murmansk region (Andreeva Bay
and Gremikha village) and at the Primorsk Territory (Sysoeva Inlet) are th
e subjects of the highest attention.\nTo gather full information on the cu
rrent radiation situation\, independent in relation the regulatory bodies\
, the FMBC specialists carried out radiation and hygienic monitoring. It i
ncluded dynamic observation both of the radiation-and-hygienic situation p
arameters and doses to the public living close to the radiation hazardous
facilities – STS in Murmansk region and Primorsk Territory. During the e
xpedition travels\, samples of environmental media\, local foodstuffs and
drinking water have been collected. Radiochemical analysis and gamma-spect
rometry methods were used in the sample examination. The findings of radia
tion and environmental monitoring confirm considerable exceeding (in compa
rison with normal background values) of man-made radionuclide contents in
seawater\, seaweeds\, bottom sediments\, vegetation and soil at local part
s of the coastal stripe of the STS health protection zone. The radionuclid
e sorption examination in soil and ground water permits to assume effectiv
e migration from the contaminated areas via ground water and following rad
ioactivity intake by the marine media at the off-shore water area. Taking
into account further contamination of the STS area\, observation of the ra
diation situation dynamic change should be continued both under regular op
eration mode and during the SNF and RW removal operations.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/34/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/34/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioecological criteria and norms during remediation of shore inf
rastructure of Russian nuclear fleet
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-35@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Graham Smith (GMS Abingdon Ltd)\, Alexander Kosnikov
(SevRAO Facility-1)\, Sergey Kiselev (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysic
al Centre)\, Malgorzata Sneve (Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority)\,
Alexei Titov (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre)\, Nataliya Sh
andala (Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre)\, Vladimir Seregin (
Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre)\n\nAbstract\nRemediation of
sites and facilities belonging to the sites of temporary storage (STS) of
spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and radioactive wastes (RW) at Andreeva Bay and G
remikha village on the Kola Peninsula is one of the regulatory functions o
f radiation protection. After termination of operation of the ex-Navy serv
iced facilities\, their infrastructure degraded resulting in radioactive c
ontamination of some parts of the site. As one end-goal of remediation is
putting STS into ecologically safe conditions\, elaboration of quantitativ
e radiation-ecology criteria and norms for STS site and facility condition
s is urgent.\n\nRemediation criteria and norms defining requirements for r
adiation protection of workers\, public and limits of environmental contam
ination have been developed for three main options: conservation\, convers
ion (partial or overall renovation) and liquidation in the form of:\n- dos
e limits and dose constraints\;\n- levels of radioactive superficial conta
mination of workshops and equipment inside them\;\n- specific activity of
radionuclides in marine media\, including fish\;\n- activity concentration
of radionuclides in ground waters on-site STS.\n\nThe Environmental radia
tion monitoring findings served as a basis for the associated databank arr
angement. The experimental results received have been plotted on the elect
ronic map of the place. Further steps relate to generation of full geograp
hic information system\, which permits to carry out the computer calculati
on of the main indexes for simulation and prognosis of radio-ecological si
tuation with the purpose of the radiation safety regulation.\n\nhttps://in
dico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/35/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/35/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Development of the method for determination of technetium in envir
onmental and biological samples
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-36@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: P. Zoriy (Reserch Center Jülich)\, R Lennartz (Rese
rch Center Jülich)\, P. Hill (Reserch Center Jülich)\, R. Flucht (Reserc
h Center Jülich)\, M. Burow (Reserch Center Jülich)\, Myroslav Zoriy (Re
serch Center Jülich)\n\nTechnetium is a one of product of nuclear fission
of uranium and therefore could be found in a trace concentration in the E
arth’s crust. It was estimated that a kilogram of uranium contains 1 nan
ogram (10−9 g) of technetium [1]. However\, besides of naturally occurre
d Tc\, in the last several decades its relatively high amount was artifici
ally produced in the nuclear reactors by the thermal neutron fission of 23
5U and 239Pu reactor fuels with the fission yield product of 99Tc of about
6.1% [2]. The 99Tc has a half-life of 2.13*105 a\, giving a specific acti
vity of 650 MBq g-1 and decays by emission of beta-1 with Emax 300 keV. It
has been released into the environment as the results of nuclear weapons
testing and low- and intermediate-level waste disposal\, and will be an im
portant component of high level wastes when these are finally disposed [3]
. Geochemically\, Tc exists in two stable oxidation states depending on th
e redox conditions\; it forms reduced species\, predominantly Tc4+ and its
complexes and compounds\, however could also occurs as Tc (VII)\, which f
orms the pertechnetate anion\, [TcO4-]. The environmental redox chemistry
of technetium is thus very important in governing its mobility. \nAs a bet
a-emitter the 99Tc are determined with conventionally used low-level beta-
counters. However\, due to the often complicity of the analyzed samples (e
.g. high concentrated salt samples) a separation procedure prior to the co
unting should be applied. In such case an internal standard should be appl
ied in order to find out a chemical yield of the overall analyzing method.
For the determination of recovery of 99Tc the short-lived isotope 99mTc (
half-life: 6 hours) is usually applied that is sometimes unacceptable due
to the rare availability\, relatively high specific activity and low half-
time and costs of metastable 99mTc. \nIn the present study we propose a ne
w methodology for the assessment of the overall recovery of 99Tc determina
tion by combining of the conventional beta-counting method with relatively
fast inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements.
The principle of the developed method is to use the naturally occurred Rhe
nium (as a homolog element to Technetium) as an internal standard in order
to find out the losses of the analyte during of sample preparation proced
ure. The determination of Rhenium was performed by ICP-MS method and its r
ecovery values were used for the correction of results for 99Tc measuremen
ts. The accuracies of Tc and Re recoveries observed by application of such
approach were found to be in the range of 95-105%. After the recovery stu
dies the developed procedure was applied for analysis of Tc activity in av
ailable standard solutions as well as in real samples: environmental (high
concentrated salt samples) and biological (urine) samples. The results sh
owed a good agreement of measured Technetium content with the predictable
values and will be discussed during the presentation in details.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/36/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/36/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of selenium in soft and durum wheat (plant and grain
) using the short-lived nuclide
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-60@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adriano Pacheco (CERENA-IST\, Technical University o
f Lisbon)\, Maria do Carmo Freitas (URSN-ITN\, Technological and Nuclear I
nstitute)\, Catarina Galinha (CERENA-IST\, Technical University of Lisbon)
\n\nThe increasing attention paid to the role of selenium (Se) and selenop
roteins in human health stems from an equally growing body of evidence on
their actual (general) importance for a healthy immune system\, and on the
ir protective (specific) effects against cardiovascular disease\, asthma\,
male sterility\, and\, especially\, certain forms of cancer. The current
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adult men and women (> 14 y) is 55
μg of the element per day. The Portuguese situation is hard to assess du
e to scarce information and lack of consistent studies on this subject\, t
hough unlikely to differ much from Europe at large\, where falls in Se int
ake - and corresponding drops in blood indicators of Se status - have rais
ed a widespread concern. In these terms\, an extensive investigation of Se
levels in cereals and their cultivation soils is being carried out across
the main production areas of mainland Portugal\, with a view to an eventu
al Se-biofortification of major cultivars (under research contract PTDC/QU
I/65618/2006\; FCT-MCTES\, Portugal). Total Se is assessed by instrumental
neutron activation analysis (INAA)\, through short irradiations on the fa
st pneumatic system (SIPRA) of the Portuguese Research Reactor (RPI-ITN)\,
with an acquisition system by ORTEC - a DSPEC Pro digital γ-ray spectrom
eter and a liquid-nitrogen-cooled\, high-purity-germanium detector (HPGe)\
, connected to a 4096 multi-channel analyser. The short-lived nuclide 77mS
e\, that features a half-life time of 17.5 s\, is used to determine the Se
content in SIPRA. Full optimisation of the procedure for Se determination
is still ongoing. Still\, several tests on the SIPRA with the reference m
aterials NIST-SRM 1567a (Wheat Flour) and NIST-SRM 1568a (Rice Flour) have
been yielding results that are quite satisfactory already. Reference samp
les have been put through cyclic neutron activation analysis (CNAA)\, at a
flux of 2.6x1016 neutrons per square meter and second. The number of cycl
es for each sample was 15\, with both irradiation and counting times of 20
s\, and a decay time of 5 s. Three replicate samples of 80-110 mg (in pol
yethylene capsules) have been used for each reference material\; concentra
tions were determined by the relative method. This paper is focused on whe
at samples - soft (bread) and durum wheat\; Triticum aestivum L. and Triti
cum durum L.\, respectively - from the 2009 campaign\, and discusses the S
e distribution in grains and other parts of wheat plants (roots\, leaves)\
, toward an eventual supplementation of the element in different growth st
ages. A few other experiments with the Chinese soil standards GBW07404 (NR
CCRM Soil NCS DC 73322) and GBW07406 (NRCCRM Soil NCS DC 73324)\, as well
as with rye roots and soils from rye fields\, were not that conclusive due
to a very high activity of the samples. Such tests will be repeated with
the DSPEC Pro in lieu of the DSPEC jr\, since the latter does not properly
account for counting losses.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/60/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/60/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Microbial activity impact on the change of Pu oxidation states
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-61@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: DALIS BALTRŪNAS (Institute of physics)\, DALIA PEČ
IULYTĖ (Institute of Botany of Nature Research Center)\, BENEDIKTA LUKŠI
ENĖ (Institute of physics)\, ALGIMANTAS PAŠKEVIČIUS (Institute of Botan
y of Nature Research Center)\, VIDMANTAS REMEIKIS (Institute of physics)\,
RŪTA DRUTEIKIENE (INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS)\n\nThe potential of migration of
Pu at contaminated sites and also from the waste repository depends on th
e Pu environmental behavior determined by its chemical speciations. Depend
ing on the ambient conditions plutonium exists in several oxidation states
due to the low differences in the oxidation – reduction potentials betw
een the oxidation states 1. The geochemical and physical characteristics o
f the environment (mineralogy\, pH\, chelating agents\, redox conditions\,
temperature\, and humidity) and microbial activity play an important role
in plutonium behavior in various systems. Under appropriate conditions th
e activity of microorganisms could affect the chemical nature of plutonium
due to changing redox condition and biotransformation of its oxidation st
ates. The oxidation states control the solubility\, complexation and thus
the geochemical action of Pu 2. The direct enzymatic or indirect nonenzyma
tic interaction of microbes with plutonium could considerably cause its so
lubility or immobilization because of the formation of stable complexes wi
th metabolites and organic degradation products. \nThis study is aimed at
investigations on the change of plutonium oxidation states due to activity
of aerobic bacteria and fungi.\nBoth microorganisms and fungi were isolat
ed and identified from samples collected from the low-level radioactive wa
ste repository. Aerobic bacteria Bacillus mycoides\, Rhodococcus lutes\, u
nidentified Gram-bacteria\, and fungi Paecillomyces lilacinus\, Absidia sp
.\, Gliocladium virens have been detected in dust. Oxidized and reduced Pu
was tested by two radiochemical procedures 3\,4. One procedure (co-precip
itation with NdF3) only differentiates between reduced Pu [Pu (III) and Pu
(IV)] as well as oxidized Pu [Pu (V) and Pu (VI)]. The second (extraction
chromatography) procedure was designed to differentiate between Pu (III)
and Pu (IV). The amount of reduced and oxidized Pu was determined by meas
uring α activity after radiochemical separation.\nThe results of the expe
riment have shown that all bacteria and fungi can very slightly alter oxid
ation states of plutonium due to their microbial activity. No more than 8-
9 % and 15 % of Pu (IV) was reduced to Pu (III) by bacteria during one hou
r and 24 hours of the interaction respectively. Pu by fungi was reduced no
more than 1%. \n\nReferences:\n1. Francis A. J.\, Dodge C. J.\, Ohnuki T.
: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 8\, No 2\, 121-126 (2007).\n2. German K. E.\, F
irsova E. V.\, et al.: Radiochemistry\, 45\, 250 (2003).\n3. Ketterer M. E
.\, Hafer K. M.\, Mietelski J. W.: J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 73\, 183 (200
4).\n4. Moreno L.\, Vaida N.\, Danesi P. R.\, La Rosa J. J.\, Zeiller E.\,
Sinojmeri M.: J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 226\, 297 (1997).\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/61/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/61/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Production and quality control of 177Lu for labelling
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-62@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan Pavlik (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR\,
25068 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Jiri Ventruba (Nuclear Physics Ins
titute of the ASCR\, 25068 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Frantisek Mel
ichar (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR\, 25068 Rez by Prague\, Czech
Republic)\, Libor Prochazka (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR\, 2506
8 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Jiri Srank (Nuclear Physics Institute
of the ASCR\, 25068 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Marek Tomes (Nuclear
Physics Institute of the ASCR\, 25068 Rez by Prague\, Czech Republic)\, M
artin Kropacek (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR\, 25068 Rez by Pragu
e\, Czech Republic)\n\nLutetium-177 is a radionuclide used in nuclear medi
cine for therapeutic application. Both β and γ radiations emitted from 1
77Lu allow imaging of the therapeutic radionuclide without need of adding
any other radionuclide. It can be prepared in the nuclear reactor via dire
ct (n\, γ) activation from enriched lutetium target or via indirect neutr
on activation from ytterbium oxide. In this case\, carrier free 177Lu is p
repared\, however\, separation from irradiated target is necessary. 177Lu
decays with a half life of 6.7 days. The research was focused on developme
nt of the semi-automatic module for processing the neutron irradiated targ
ets and on optimizing the conditions of production and quality control of
the 177Lu radiopharmaceutical precursor. \nEnriched lutetium oxide in 5 M
nitric acid was put into the titanium vial and evaporated to dryness. The
screwed and tightened vial was irradiated for 96 hours in LVR-15 nuclear r
eactor (reactor power 7-9 MW) at the approximate neutron flux of 5x1013 n.
cm-2s-1. The irradiated penal was allowed to cool for two days and then pr
ocessed using semi-automatic module. Titanium ampoules were opened and fil
led subsequently by four aliquots 0.5 – 1.5 mL of nitric acid 1mol/L in
order to dissolve irradiated target. All aliquots were collected\, evapora
ted to dryness and re-dissolved with hydrochloric acid 0.01 mol/L. Final s
olution was passed through 0.22 mm filter and after dispensing\, final sol
ution was autoclaved for 20 minutes at 125°C. All production steps were o
perated using touch screen set-up on the front wall of the hot cell. \nThe
radioactivity was measured by ionization chamber Atomlab 100. The radionu
clidic purity was determined by γ spectrometry. The radiochemical purity
was determined by radio-TLC with ITLC-SG strips as a solid phase. The meth
od consisted of two steps: Test for insoluble and colloid forms – liquid
phase 0.15 M NaCl in 0.02 M HCl and the test for lutetium organic forms
– liquid phase mixture of NH2OH : CH3OH : H2O (0.2 : 2 : 4) . The gas-fl
ow proportional counting tube (Minigita\, Raytest) was used for detection.
The pH was measured by microelectrode Hamilton Biotrode. Bacterial endoto
xins test was carried out using kinetic turbidimetric methods. The chemica
l impurities of Ti and Fe were checked by ICP for couple of batches (exter
nal collaboration with Nuclear Research Institute Řež\, plc.).\nThe spec
ific activities of 177Lu at the end of irradiation ranged from 100 to 264
GBq/mg (2.9 to 7.1 Ci/mg)\, Specific acrivity of 177Lu at the time of prod
uction ranged from 61 to 86 GBq/mg (1.6-2.3 Ci/mg). The γ-spectrometric m
easurements showed the content of 177mLu at the level 0.005% at the time o
f production. Content of Ti ranged from 0.004 to 0.385 μg/GBq of 177Lu an
d content of Fe ranged from 0.023 to 0.708 μg/GBq of 177Lu at the time of
production. \nThe semi-automatic elution device for production of 177Lu w
as developed\, tested and the operation qualification was carried out. Man
ufacture process was validated on three batches of 177Lu product. Methods
for quality control were verified and GMP compliance documentation is curr
ently under preparation.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributi
ons/62/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/62/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Detection of tritium and &alpha\;-decaying isotopes in L/ILW by he
lium measurements
DTSTART:20100423T033000Z
DTEND:20100423T034500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-38@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sandor Kapitany (Public Agency for Radioactive Waste
Management)\, Istvan Barnabas (Public Agency for Radioactive Waste Manage
ment)\, Mihaly Veres (Isotoptech Co. Ltd)\, Eva Svingor (Institute of Nucl
ear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)\, Zoltan Major (Institu
te of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)\, Mihaly Moln
ar (Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences)\,
Laszlo Palcsu (Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of S
ciences)\n\nAs decay products\, helium isotopes can clearly indicate the p
resence of tritium and alpha decaying isotopes in a closed system. This st
udy presents the helium and neon measurements and their interpretation of
long-term headspace gas investigations in L/ILW waste drums from Paks Nucl
ear Power Plant and closed vaults of the Radioactive Waste Treatment and D
isposal Facility\, Püspökszilágy\, Hungary.\nDevelopment of special sam
pling methods and preparation lines as well as isotope-analytical measurem
ents of the headspace gas samples were done in the Laboratory of Environme
ntal Studies in the ATOMKI. In the gas samples helium isotopes as well as
neon isotopes have been determined mass spectrometricaly. \nWhile neon con
tent can be of atmospheric origin only\, helium can be produced either by
alpha decay (4He) or decay of tritium (3He). He/Ne ratios have been used t
o determine the different origin of the helium isotopes. Helium isotope ra
tios always represented 3He enrichment in the headspace gases produced by
the decay of the tritium in the waste. Using the recent 3He concentration
in headspace gas the total amount of 3H restored in L/ILW vaults was estim
ated. The investigated seven different vaults were closed between 1979 and
1995 when they had been full with L/ILW. The calculated tritium activitie
s based on the He measurements showed good agreement with the documented i
sotope inventory of the vaults.\nTypical tritium activity concentrations w
ere between 0.1 and 10 Bq/liter gas in the drums and between 10 and 1000 B
q/liter gas in the vaults. Additionally\, one drum showed a higher He/Ne r
atio compared to air\, which clearly indicates 4He excess\, thus the prese
nce an alpha source in the waste.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/c
ontributions/38/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/38/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Complexation of U(VI) with nitrogen and phosphorous containing lig
ands in aqueous solution
DTSTART:20100422T051500Z
DTEND:20100422T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-39@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\
, Institute of Radiochemitry)\, Susanne Sachs (Forschungszentrum Dresden-R
ossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemitry)\, Katja Schmeide (Forschungszentru
m Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemitry)\, Bianca Raditzky (Fors
chungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemitry)\n\nThe long
-term safety assessment of nuclear waste disposals requires detailed knowl
edge of the transport and interaction behavior of actinides within the tec
hnical\, geotechnical and geological barriers. In the case of accidental r
elease of radionuclides into the surrounding environment\, their migration
behavior can be effectively influenced by the ambient conditions like pH\
, temperature\, ionic strength and especially the presence of inorganic an
d organic complexing ligands\, e.g. bioligands like humic acids\, amino ac
ids or phospholipids. Due to their high complexing capacity towards metal
ions these ligands may influence the mobility of actinides.\n\nWe studied
the U(VI) complexation with nitrogen and phosphorous containing model liga
nds in order to simulate the functionalities of bioligands. The aim of thi
s work is to determine the influence of various nitrogen and phosphorous c
ontaining functional groups on the U(VI) complexation and to evaluate thei
r contribution in comparison to oxygen containing functional groups. As ni
trogen containing ligands we used the biologically important substances an
thranilic acid (AA) and nicotinic acid (NA). Furthermore\, phenylphosphoni
c acid (PPA) was used as aromatic phosphorous containing ligand. \n\nThe c
omplexation studies in aqueous solution were performed as a function of pH
using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). All
ligands show a complex formation with U(VI) under the given experimental c
onditions ([U(VI)] = 0.05 mM\, [ligand] = 0 – 0.5 mM\, pH 2-4\, I = 0.1
M\, T = 25°C). The binding of U(VI) by AA and NA takes place via the carb
oxylic group of the ligands. It can be concluded\, that oxygen containing
functional groups dominate the U(VI) complexation in the investigated pH r
ange. The nitrogen functionalities of the ligands play only a subordinate
role. AA forms a 1:1 complex\, with a corresponding stability constant of
log ß11 = 3.14 +/- 0.17 [1]. The formation of 1:1 and 1:2 complexes was d
etected for the U(VI)-nicotinate system (log ß11 = 3.73 +/- 0.30\, log ß
12 = 7.46 +/- 0.17 [1]) as well as for the U(VI)-phenylphosphonate system
(log ß11 = 3.58 +/- 0.17\, log ß12 = 6.81 +/- 0.10). At high U(VI) conce
ntrations (1 mM)\, a precipitation of the formed complexes was observed f
or the U(VI) complexation by AA and PPA. The precipitates were analyzed wi
th FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. To study the influence of dif
ferent functional groups on the complexation of actinides in different oxi
dation states\, comparable complexation studies are performed with Am(III)
.\n\n\nReferences:\n\n[1] B. Raditzky\, K. Schmeide\, S. Sachs\, G. Geipe
l\, G. Bernhard\, Polyhedron (2009)\, doi:10.1016/j.poly.2009.08.010.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/39/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/39/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The adsorptive behaviour of cadmium on clays
DTSTART:20100420T103000Z
DTEND:20100420T105000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-41@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nick Evans (Loughborough University)\, Sneh Jain (Lo
ughborough University)\, Maria Charalambous (Loughborough University)\n\nH
eavy metals present in the environment such as cadmium are considered harm
ful due to their toxicity. Adsorption-desorption reactions of metals from
aqueous solutions to the soil play an important role in influencing the a
ccumulation and transport of metal contaminants. These are affected by the
surface and chemical properties of the soil components.\n\nSorption and d
esorption of Cd2+ has been examined on a series of clays bentonite\, illit
e\, illite-smectite\, kaolin and montmorillonite through γ-spectroscopy a
s a function of pH and ionic strength. Experimental data acquired for the
systems studied have been used to determine the isotherms. The order of in
creasing cadmium adsorption onto the clays in the absence of organic matte
r has been found to be:\n\n illite\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/41/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/41/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Pulse shape analysis to reduce the background of BEGe detectors
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-45@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mikael Hult (European Comision\, Joint Research Cent
re\, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements)\, Erica Andreotti
(European Comision\, Joint Research Centre\, Institute for Reference Mate
rials and Measurements)\, Marcin Misiaszek (M.Smoluchowski Institute of Ph
ysics\, Jagiellonian University)\, Dušan Budjáš (Max-Planck-Insttut fü
r kernphysik)\, Raquel González de Orduña (European Comision\, Joint Res
earch Centre\, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements)\n\nThre
e methods for reducing the background\, and thus the detection limits for
gamma spectrometry using HPGe-detectors are combined here. \n1. A passi
ve reduction of the background is achieved by using radiopure materials fo
r the detector and its shield \n2. An effective shielding from cosmic r
ays is achieved in the laboratory\, which is located 225 m underground.\n3
. An active background reduction is achieved using pulse shape analysis
. \n\nSince the invention of the Ge-detectors in 1962 researchers have inv
estigated ways of using the pulse shape for discriminating between pulses
from various types of interactions in the Ge-crystal. The lack of success
in this field has triggered developments of more complicated detector syst
ems such as segmented crystals\, pixels and strip detectors. When p-type p
oint contact Ge-detectors with a shaped electric field (called BEGe-detect
ors\, Broad Energy Germanium\, by the company Canberra) started to appear
on the market\, the possibility opened for using solely the pulse shape of
the one electrode for making analysis. \n\nThe drift of the electrons and
holes towards the electrodes produce different pulse shape depending on h
ow and where the energy of the photon was deposited in the crystal. When a
ll the energy is deposited in one point\, single-site event (SSE)\, the pu
lse shape has one peak\, but when the energy is deposited is several point
s\, a multiple-site event (MSE)\, the shape of the pulse present several p
eaks. \n\nThe work presented here aim at study and characterise the backgr
ound and pulse-shape of two BEGe detectors with 19% and 50% relative effic
iency by using a pulse shape discrimination technique. Since the signal of
the read-out electrode depends on the size of the detector the discrimina
tion level that can be achieved with each detector is different.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/45/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/45/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Natural radioactivity in Tunisian and in some imported phosphate f
ertilizers used in Tunisia
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-46@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mansour Oueslati (UR-MTDN\, National Center of Nucle
ar Sciences and Technolgies)\, Malik Bentekaya (UR-MTDN\, National Center
of Nuclear Sciences and Technolgies)\, Souad Baccouche (UR-MTDN\, National
Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology\, Pole Technologique\, 2020 Si
di Thabet. Tunisia)\, Adel Trabelsi (UR-MTDN\, National Center of Nuclear
Sciences and Technolgies)\, Wahid Abdelli (UR-MTDN\, National Center of Nu
clear Sciences and Technolgies)\, Foued Gharbi (UR-MTDN\, National Center
of Nuclear Sciences and Technolgies)\n\nThe radioactivity concentrations o
f 226Ra\, 232Th and 40K in different phosphate \nfertilizers\, triple supe
rphosphate (TSP)\, diammonium phosphate (DAP)\, \nmonoammonium phosphate (
MAP) and in phosphoric acids produced and used in the agricultural soils i
n Tunisia were measured. Other exported and used phosphate fertilizers in
the country were also subject of radioactivity concentrations measurement
and they consisted in some NPKs. Gamma spectrometry using a high purity ge
rmanium (HPGe) detector was used for the measurement. It was found that ge
nerally the Tunisian fertilizers contain the highest activity concentratio
ns with the exceptions of 40K. TSP contains the highest concentration of
226Ra (186.2 14.5 Bq/kg) and of 232Th (33.7 3.5 Bq/kg). The highest amount
of 40K was found in one type of NPK (9969.5 Bq/kg). The radium equivalent
index was calculated for all the analysed fertilizers and was found to be
the highest in the imported NPKs samples (the maximum value was about 775
Bq/kg) because of their high content in 40K. For the Tunisian fertilizers
the maximum radium equivalent index was about 238 Bq/kg in TSP.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/46/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/46/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Dissolved gas measurements of the cooling ponds of Paks Nuclear Po
wer Plant\, Hungary
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-47@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zoltán Major (MTA ATOMKI)\, László Palcsu (MTA AT
OMKI)\, Tamás Pintér (Paks Nuclear Power Plant)\, Mihály Veres (Isotopt
ech Zrt.)\, Éva Svingor (MTA ATOMKI)\, Mihály Molnár (MTA ATOMKI)\n\nTh
e aim of this work was the investigation of the effect of nuclear fuel rod
s to the composition of the dissolved gas in the cooling water of the cool
ing ponds of Paks Nuclear Power Plant (Paks NPP). \nIn normal cases after
three-year usage in the reactor the spent fuel elements are stored in cool
ing ponds for years before delivering out from the reactor area. In April
of 2003 with the failure of the cleaning procedure of fuel rods from react
or No. 2 some elements remained in service pool No. 1. For better handling
of this situation and planning the repairing procedure several parameters
must be considered. The gases dissolved in the coolant\, especially the o
nes produced by fission or decay\, are good indicators of the variation in
state parameters of the system in this situation as well as in the case o
f working reactors. Parallel with the measurements of dissolved gases in t
he coolant for surveying the kilter of the nuclear fuel remained in servic
e pool No.1 we also measured these parameters in the cooling ponds as a re
ference. The reason was the similar technological situation because in bot
h cases the coolant contains out of work fuel elements and the headspace g
as above is air with atmospherically pressure. \nIn this work we investiga
ted the effect of the nuclear fuel rods to the composition of the dissolve
d gas in the coolant of the cooling ponds and the service pool No.1 of the
reactor No. 2 of Paks NPP. We measured the quality and the quantity of th
e dissolved gases and the isotope compositions of the noble gases produced
in fission or decay. For these aims sampling and measuring methods were d
eveloped.\nOur results help to ascertain the possible ways and rates of ga
s generation processes caused by the presence of nuclear fuel rods in the
cooling water.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/47/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/47/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Testing automatic groundwater sampling unit by the isotope analyti
cal and dissolved ion tests
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-48@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: István Somogyi (Iontech Ltd\, Litér\, Hungary)\, M
ihály Braun (University of Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Mihály Veres (Isotoptec
h Co. Ltd.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Zsolt Stefánka (Institute of Isotopes\
, Budapest\, Hungary)\, Mihály Molnár (Institute of Nuclear Research of
the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Árpád Bihari (Institute of Nuclear Resea
rch of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Róbert Janovics (Institute of Nucl
ear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\n\nAutomatic water sampling
unit was developed in Herteleni Laboratory of Environmental Studies of MTA
ATOMKI for monitoring the radioactive emission from nuclear facilities in
to the groundwater. The efficiency of existing and renewed geometry units
and the reproducibility of survey data have been examined in the course of
this work. A testing method was developed for this purpose\, and ion bind
ing efficiencies of ion exchange resins were analysed for different ion co
ncentrations. These efficiencies have to be taken into consideration when
we estimate the amount of the contamination got into the groundwater on th
e basis of the proportion of ions gained back from the resin. The model te
sts were executed under controlled laboratory circumstances. These circums
tances were tried to be formed into facts true to nature.\nIt has been fou
nd during the chain of tests that the sampling unit is suitable for well r
eproducible sampling. It can be told that all tested geometrical lay-outs
are utilizable and work with proper efficiency in small/low range of conce
ntration as well. Taking the different efficiencies into consideration the
activities can be corrected in the case of every element if it is necessa
ry. A correcting factor should be introduced during the 14C anion exchangi
ng sampling because samples taken by exchanging have systematically lower
radio carbon content than the reality has. We are working on continuing th
e tests. The gamma activity measurement of existing gained back cation sam
ples and giving the exact value of 14C correction can give more reliable p
icture and direction to developing existing and possibly new systems.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/48/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/48/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structural aspects of uranyl complexes with lipopolysaccharide
DTSTART:20100422T033000Z
DTEND:20100422T034500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-149@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Institute of Radiochemistry\, Forschu
ngszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, Henry Moll (Institute of Radiochemistry\,
Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, André Rossberg (Institute of Rad
iochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, Harald Foerstendorf
(Institute of Radiochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, Bo
Li (Institute of Radiochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\,
Astrid Barkleit (Institute of Radiochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-R
ossendorf)\n\nIt is well-known that microorganisms play an important role
in bioremediation. Because of the high retention capability of heavy metal
ions\, they significantly influence mobilization and immobilization of ca
tions in soils. The prediction of the radionuclide transport in the enviro
nment and the improvement of technical bioremediation strategies require a
detailed understanding of the binding mechanisms on a molecular level.\nL
ipopolysaccharide (LPS)\, the main part of the outer membrane of Gram-nega
tive bacteria\, sticks out of the cell wall and is in direct contact with
the (aqueous) environment. With its high content of negatively charged fun
ctional groups (mainly carboxyl and phosphoryl groups) it plays a key role
in protection of contaminants.\nWe investigated the uranyl LPS interactio
ns to gain detailed information about the coordination sphere in the molec
ular environment of the uranyl ion. We focused on the identification of th
e coordinating functional groups over a wide pH range (from 2.5 to 7) and
under different stoichiometric conditions. In particular\, the discriminat
ion between carboxyl and phosphoryl groups and their binding behaviours wa
s elucidated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectrosc
opy at the U LIII-edge and attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform i
nfrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy. With respect to environmental conditions
\, samples with an excess of LPS were investigated by EXAFS. Furthermore\,
samples with equimolar ratios of uranyl and functional groups of LPS acco
rding to a slight deficit of phosphoryl groups were determined with FT-IR.
\nEXAFS spectra show great similarities to the uranyl mineral phase meta-
autunite. A four-fold complexation of the uranium was derived from very sh
ort U Oeq distances of 2.28 Å and U P distances of 3.58 Å indicating uni
dentate coordinated phosphoryl groups. Furthermore\, U U interactions can
be observed at 5.2 Å and 6.9 Å. \nFT-IR spectra show spectral evidence f
or both\, carboxyl and phosphoryl coordination. A downshift of the antisym
metric stretching mode of the carboxylate group from 1576 (uncomplexed LPS
) to 1530 cm−1 and an upshift of the symmetric stretching mode from 1404
(uncomplexed LPS) to 1455 cm−1 upon complexation provides evidence for
a bidentate complexation to carboxylate groups. The antisymmetric and symm
etric stretching modes of the complexing phosphoryl groups are observed at
1105 and 1060 cm−1. \nIn summary\, we determined at high LPS excess pre
ferential phosphoryl coordination\, whereas with an increasing relative am
ount of uranyl ions\, corresponding to a decreasing number of functional g
roups of LPS\, additional carboxylate coordination becomes important. This
complexation behaviour remains within a broad pH range from slight acidic
to neutral values. Under the investigated experimental conditions\, the c
oordination of uranyl ions to the LPS molecule is obviously controlled by
the U/LPS concentration ratio irrespective from prevailing pH.\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/149/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/149/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Evolution of the redox potential in the corrosion system
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-49@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Petr Bruha (Nuclear Research Institute Rez)\, Antoni
n Vokal (Nuclear Research Institute Rez)\, David Dobrev (Nuclear Research
Institute Rez)\n\nThe knowledge of chemical conditions\, especially of red
ox potential\, inside waste packages with radioactive wastes is important
for determination of radionuclides speciation and their leaching rate afte
r failure of waste packages. Conditions inside waste packages will be det
ermined primarily by the reactions of thermodynamically unstable iron with
groundwater penetrating into waste packages and by the nature of the iron
corrosion products formed. The main corrosion products of iron corrosion
are Fe (II) ions\, hydrogen and products of reactions of these species wit
h species presented in water flowing into waste packages. The composition
of water will correspond to the composition of ground water affected by ot
her engineered barriers.\nThe rate of the corrosion reaction\, the rate of
oxidation and hydrolysis of Fe2+ and the rate of the formation of precipi
tation products will govern the development of Eh inside waste packages. O
ne possibility of estimating chemical conditions in such complex systems i
s to use advanced geochemical models. A great disadvantage of these models
is that a lot of important input data must be estimated. This can lead to
great uncertainty about the real conditions inside waste packages. \n
The main aim of this work was therefore to measure redox potential (Eh) in
simplified systems simulating the conditions inside waste packages and th
e effect of iron corrosion on Eh development inside waste packages after i
ngressions of groundwater. The results can then be used to validate geoche
mical models.\nThe corrosion systems consisted of the carbon steel plates
and the synthetic bentonite porewater. The apparatus was put into anaerobi
c box (O2 \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/49/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/49/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Impact of U-mill tailings of the former uranium mine at Žirovski
Vrh (Slovenia) on radionuclide accumulation by wetland plants
DTSTART:20100422T060000Z
DTEND:20100422T061500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-50@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marko Štrok (Jožef Stefan Institute)\, Borut Smodi
š (Jožef Stefan Institute)\, Marko Černe (Jožef Stefan Institute)\n\nA
BSTRACT\n\n\n\nTransfer of radionuclides into the environment is a common
phenomenon and due to its potential harmful effect of particular scientifi
c interest in the vicinity of uranium mines. Radionuclides\, especially ur
anium and thorium decay products are discharged with U-mill tailings into
the soil and water and consequently into vegetation where they accumulate.
Radionuclide soil-to plant transfer was observed in many studies. Uranium
mine at Žirovski Vrh in Slovenia\, which operated from 1985-1990\, proce
ssed about 600\,000 tons of U-ore. U-milling and mining tailings were depo
sited at the Boršt and Jazbec sites. Plants that grow in the vicinity of
U-mill tailings may accumulate radionuclides in their tissues and thus rep
resent a possible transfer of radionuclides into the food chain. This are
so called metal-accumulating plants\, that developed metal resistance mech
anism and may grow on metal-contaminated or metalliferous soil. Plants\, s
uch us Marsh marigold (Caltha palustris)\, soft rush (Juncus effusus) and
common reed (Phragmites australis) are known as accumulator plants\, becau
se they accumulate toxic metals in their above-ground tissues. Other plant
s\, especially grasses may also grow on metal contaminated soils\, but do
not accumulate metals. Preliminary results of radionuclide accumulation by
such plants growing in the contaminated area are presented. A common reed
\, that was grown on the uranium-mill tailings accumulated 0\,01 Bq/g d.w.
and 0\,002 Bq/g d.w. of uranium in leaves and stems\, respectively. In co
ntribution\, activity concentrations of other nuclides from uranium and th
orium decay chains in other plants are also presented and discussed.\n\nht
tps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/50/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/50/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 90Sr in soil\, grass and cereals
DTSTART:20100420T085000Z
DTEND:20100420T091000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-51@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Christian Katzlberger (Austrian Agency for Health an
d Food Safety\; CC Radiation Protection and Radiochemistry)\, Arno Achatz
(Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety\; CC Radioecology and Radon)\,
Wolfgang Ringer (Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety\; CC Radioeco
logy and Radon)\, Claudia Landstetter (Austrian Agency for Health and Food
Safety\; CC Radiation Protection and Radiochemistry)\n\nEnvironmental sam
ples in Upper Austria have been measured for 90Sr in the year 2005. These
measurements were conducted on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Agricultu
re\, Forestry\, Environment and Water Management and were part of a projec
t called “Temelin Project”. The aim of this project which started in 1
992 is to detect any radiological impact of the nuclear power plant Temeli
n in the Czech Republic on the environment of Austria. After the nuclear w
eapon tests the average deposition of 90Sr in Austria amounted to 3.3 kBq/
m². In 1986 the average deposition was 0.9 kBq/m². To assess the actual
condition in soil\, grass and cereals 90Sr was measured in these samples
in 2005 and 2006. For all samples oxalate precipitation was conducted and
strontium specific columns (Eichrom Industries\, Inc.) were used. The calc
ium concentration in these samples was determined to estimate the amount o
f resin needed for the preparation. The prepacked 2 ml columns with partic
le size 100 – 150 µ were used for soil (lower limit of detection (LLD)
below 2 Bq/kg). For grass and cereal samples columns were packed with the
100 – 150 µ resin to gain a LLD below 2 Bq/kg and below 0.1 Bq/kg respe
ctively. After digestion of soil samples hydroxide precipitation was used
as an additional separation step. The 90Sr was measured by liquid scintill
ation counting and via 90Y by Cherenkov radiation counting. For quality as
surance reasons\, first the initial strontium concentration in the sample
was determined then a strontium carrier solution was added and after the s
eparation steps the chemical recovery was determined by ICP-MS. Thus\, no
radioactive spike and just a small amount of the measuring solution were n
eeded. The results are presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/51/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/51/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Production of 26Al\, 59Ni\, 44Ti\
, 53Mn and 60Fe from proton irradiated copper beam d
ump
DTSTART:20100420T033000Z
DTEND:20100420T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-52@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dorothea Schumann (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Marin A
yranov (Paul Scherrer Institut)\n\nThe station for pions cancer therapy wa
s operated at PSI from 1980 to 1992. For this period the copper beam dump
of the facility received a total dose of approx. 0.16 Ah of 590 MeV proton
s. The sampling collected about 500 g of high active copper chips that can
be used for separation of exotic radionuclides. The γ analyses showed ma
in nuclides present to be 60Co\, 54Mn\, 22Na\, 65Zn and long lived 44Ti wi
th a daughter nuclide 44Sc. Further analyses by LSC and AMS demonstrated t
hat significant amounts of 26Al\, 53Mn\, 59Ni\, 63Ni\, 55Fe and 60Fe are p
resent in the copper beam dump. The analytical results estimate that about
100 MBq 44Ti\, 500 MBq 53Mn\, 7 kBq 26Al\, 8 MBq 59Ni and 5 kBq 60Fe are
available in the collected copper chips [1].\nDue to the high activity of
60Co\, approx. 5 GBq in total\, the separation should be implemented using
a hot cell. The purpose of this work is to develop a simple\, selective\,
efficient and easy method for the separation of 26Al\, 59Ni\, 53Mn\, 44Ti
and 60Fe from gram amounts of the copper beam dump.\nFor the separation o
f the exotic radionuclides from the copper beam dump\, a procedure combini
ng selective precipitation\, ion exchange and solvent extraction was devel
oped. Copper as the main matrix element interferes with the separation of
all elements of interest. For this reason\, after the copper dissolution i
n 7 M HNO3 the solution is conditioned to 1 M HNO3 and Cu (II) is precipit
ated selectively by saturation with H2S\, while the exotic radionuclides r
emain in the solution. Further the solution is transferred in 12 M HCl and
passed on Dowex 1x8 anion exchange column. Al and Ni are not retained and
are washed out of the column with 12 M HCl. The remaining ions are eluted
consequently in the following way\, Mn–10 M HCl\, Ti–8 M HCl\, Co–5
M HCl\, Cu–2.5 M HCl and finally Fe with 0.5 M HCl. Finally Al is separ
ated from Ni on Dowex 50x4 cation exchange column and Ni is purified with
Eichrom Ni resin based on the traditional dimethylglyoxime precipitation c
hemistry. The proposed separation procedure is easy for remote controlled
implementation in a hot cell. The ion exchange separation of Ni\, Al\, Mg\
, Ti and Fe is complete and high decontamination factors for copper and co
balt were achieved.\nThe full scale system is installed in a hot cell wher
e high activity levels could be handled. During the test period 13.86 g in
total of the proton irradiated copper beam dump were processed for separa
tion of 26Al\, 59Ni\, 44Ti\, 53Mn and 60Fe. The results showed the system
is operational and the radionuclides separation is selective with high che
mical yield. The procedure manages as well the generated liquid wastes con
taining high level of 60Co activity\, reducing drastically their volume.\n
1. D. Schumann et al.\, Radiochim. Acta\, 97 (3) 2009\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/52/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/52/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Background level of radioactive isotopes around a L/ILW disposal f
acility before it started operation at Bátaapáti\, Hungary
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-53@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zoltán László (Public Agency for Radioactive Wast
e Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, István Barnabás (Public Agency for Radi
oactive Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Mihály Veres (Isotoptech Co.
Ltd.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, László Papp (Institute of Nuclear Research
of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, László Palcsu (Institute of Nuclear
Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Mihály Molnár (Institute of
Nuclear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Zoltán Major (Institu
te of Nuclear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Árpád Bihari (
Institute of Nuclear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Róbert J
anovics (Institute of Nuclear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\n\
nThe new Hungarian National Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility was establ
ished in the granite of the Mórágy Block Mountains to store low and inte
rmediate level radioactive waste (L/ILW) originating from the Paks Nuclear
Power Plant. The safe operation of the radioactive waste disposal facilit
ies requires a long-term environmental monitoring to gain information abou
t the radiation properties of the site together with the radiation exposur
e of the personnel and the environmental media. Before the start of the op
eration of the facility the environmental characteristics of the site and
its vicinity\, i.e. the so-called zero level was determined. \nThe determi
nation of the zero level of the nuclear facilities is inevitable as the ev
aluation of the measurement data in the course of the operation should be
related mainly to this zero level. In the course of the measurements the m
onitoring of the environmental elements i.e. air\, soil\, water (springs\,
streams\, precipitation)\, fall-out\, wash-out\, plant and animal samples
was performed from several points of view. From the samples collected rad
iocarbon\, tritium\, strontium-90\, gamma emitters\, gross alpha\, gross b
eta and field gamma measurements were carried out.\nThe results are obtain
ed before of the operation of the facility\, they can approximately be con
sidered as the Hungarian background data.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/e
vent/1/contributions/53/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/53/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Origin of 129I in the environment of Slovenia
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-54@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vekoslava Stibilj (Institute Jožef Stefan)\, Andrej
Osterc (Institute Jožef Stefan)\n\nI-129 is considered as a global pollu
tant and its role as a global tracer to follow the dissemination of radion
uclides from a source point such as nuclear fuel reprocessing plants incre
ases. The natural I-129/I-127 isotopic ratio in the order of 10E-12 was si
gnificantly influenced by releases of anthropogenic I-129 to the environme
nt. The ratio of I-129/I-127 in the marine environment has increased to 10
E-11 – 10E-10\, and in the terrestrial environment to 10E-9 – 10E-7\,
even 10E-6 in the vicinity of nuclear fuel reprocessing plants. Anthropoge
nic I-129 predominates in the biosphere\, soil and in upper layers of the
oceans\, therefore it can be expected that the isotopic ratio I-129/I-127
is increasing in these compartments of the ecosystem.\n\nAt the Josef Stef
an Institute we have developed a radiochemical neutron activation analysis
method (RNAA) for the determination of I-129 in environmental samples and
the detection limit of the method is 5∙10E-14 g I-129 / g solid sample.
The developed method was used to trace I-129 in the environment of Sloven
ia. From marine environment seawater\, alga\, thorny oyster and sediment s
amples were analyzed and from terrestrial environment precipitation\, soil
and pine needles. The results found were in the range from 7.2 to 120.8
• 10E-7 Bq/kg for precipitation\, up to 75 • 10E-4 Bq/kg for soil\, fr
om 0.1 to 2.12 • 10E-4 Bq/kg for seawater\, from 7 to 62 • 10E-4 Bq/kg
for thorny oyster and from 17 to 73 • 10E-4 Bq/kg for brown alga Fucus
virsoides (Donati) J. Agardh.\, which is endemic to the Adriatic Sea. The
content of I-129 in marine sediment and pine needles samples analyzed till
now was below the detection limit of the method.\n\nThe data of this stud
y represent a survey of I-129 in the environment of Slovenia. The most lik
ely source of I-129 are nuclear fuel reprocessing plants in La Hague and S
ellafield\, which are known to be the major sources of I-129 in the enviro
nment of North Europe. I-129 is transferred to the atmosphere and washed o
ut to the marine and terrestrial environment of Slovenia by precipitation\
, so it is of atmospheric-precipitation origin.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/54/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/54/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Extraction of radionuclides with solutions of complexing agents in
supercritical fluids and compressed gases
DTSTART:20100419T104500Z
DTEND:20100419T110000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-55@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladislav Kamachev (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\,
Andrey Murzin (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\, Denis Shafikov (Khlopin Rad
ium Institute RPA)\, Andrey Shadrin (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\, Mikha
il Alyapyshev (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\n\nOne of the main advantages
of extraction with supercritical fluids (SCF) or liquid gases (LG) is a p
ossibility of the reagent-free regeneration of "solvent"\, which sharply d
ecreases the secondary waste volume. As a result\, in last 20 years the re
searcher in many countries focus their attention on the supercritical flui
d extraction (SFE) of the trace amounts of radioactive and heavy metals fo
r treatment to remove and decontamination of various solid objects (includ
ing soils) and on SFE of actinide macroamounts for reprocessing of the spe
nt nuclear fuel of the nuclear power plants (SNF NPP). \nIn this work we a
nalyze the similarities and differences between the liquid-liquid extracti
on of radionuclides and extraction with SCF and LG and the prospects of ex
traction using supercritical and liquid gases in radiochemistry.. \nIn las
t 20 years the data on SFE of a series of metals were published in more th
an 100 papers. The detailed data was presented on SFE of U\, Th\, rare-ear
th elements (REE)\, Co\, Cu\, Mn\, Pu\, Np\, and Am. The SFE of U\, Th\, a
nd REE РЗЭ with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and its mixture with di
ketones were also extensively studied. Rather detailed data were presented
on SFE of transuranium elements and fission products using carbon dioxide
solutions of TBP\, diketones and their mixtures and even on recovery
of these elements from non-irradiated nuclear fuel and from SNF NPP. SFE
of Cs and Sr with solutions of organic acids and polyethers was also well
studied.\nThe detailed data are published of the extraction of U\, REE\, C
u\, Pb\, Zn\, Cd\, Cr\, and As using carbon dioxide solutions of various a
cids such as di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric\, bis(2\,4\,4-trimethylphenyl) pho
sphoric (cyanex-272)\, bis(2\,4\,4-trimethylphenyl)monothio phosphoric (cy
anex-302)\, bis(2\,4\,4-trimethylphenyl)dithio phosphoric (cyanex-301)\, a
nd di-2-ethylhexylthio phosphoric acids. \nOur analysis showed only slight
differences between the extraction of macro- and microamounts of metal ca
tions with solutions of complexing agents in liquid and supercritical СО
2 and liquid-liquid extraction. At the same time it should be noted that:\
n low viscosity and high diffusion rate allows performance of extra
ction in СО2 without mixing of the phases\;\n СО2 can affect pH
of the liquid phase being in equilibrium with it\;\n main difference
between the extraction of metal cations with solutions in liquid and supe
rcritical СО2 and liquid-liquid extraction are observed for microamounts
of metals.\nMoreover\, it should be mentioned that the technologies of SN
F reprocessing and procedures of deactivation in supercritical and compres
sed СО2 and Freons are the most promising for radiochemistry The advanta
ges of these processes are sharp decrease in the volume of secondary liqui
d radioactive wastes\; absence of organic solvents and toxic compounds\, a
nd rather small operation temperature (25-80оС). It should be noted that
the use of Freons instead of СО2 allows to decrease the working pressur
e to 1-4 MPa.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/55/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/55/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Improvement of radionuclide fixation in cement matrixes during imm
obilization of liquid radioactive waste
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-56@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrey Murzin (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\, Natal
ia Sapozhnikova (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\, Andrey Shadrin (Khlopin R
adium Institute RPA)\, Olga Shmidt (Khlopin Radium Institute RPA)\n\nCemen
tation provided by mixing of concentrated radioactive waste (RAW) and ceme
nt is the most common procedure for immobilization of medium- and low-leve
l radioactive salt-containing waste of radiochemical industry. However\, l
ow degree of inclusion of solidified waste in concrete (especially from co
ncentrated salt-containing solutions owing to deterioration of the concret
e properties) and noticeable leaching of some fission elements require dev
elopment of additional barriers at storage of such RAW. Therefore\, additi
on of RAW into the concrete not in the form of solutions but in the form o
f sorbents saturated with radionuclides can decrease leaching and\, in tur
n\, can improve degree of cesium inclusion without decrease in the strengt
h and some other properties of the concrete monolith. \nOur studies were a
imed at treatment of the solutions with complex chemical composition from
the units of RAW concentration and fractionation and of the spent decontam
ination solutions. \nTo include radionuclides containing in liquid RAW in
the concrete the possibility of using of super-stoichiometric sorption was
studied. This method allows increasing saturation with respect to many ra
dionuclides by a factor of 5-20. Chemical treatment of the sorbent prelimi
narily saturated with cesium provides stronger fixation of given radionucl
ide in the solid matrix. Inclusion of sorbents saturated with radionuclide
s in the concrete increases 137Cs content in the solidified matrix by one-
two orders of magnitude without any changes in the strength properties of
the resulting composites. At the same time\, the leaching rate of 137Cs de
creases by a factor of 4-5.\nSurface treatment of the resulting composites
liquid and supercritical CO2 (so-called carbonization procedure) was also
studied to improve fixation of radionuclides in the concrete blocks. \nCo
mbination of above procedures allows reducing cesium leaching from the con
crete blocks by more than two orders of magnitude.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.
cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/56/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/56/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Distribution pattern of NORM in Red Sea shore sediments and their
relation to non-nuclear industries
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-57@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ashraf Khater (King Saud University)\n\nThe Red Sea
is a deep semi-enclosed and narrow basin that has an intensive non-industr
ial activities on and near its shore. Oil exploration\, phosphate mining a
nd trading\, navigation activities and intensive touristic activities are
considered as non-nuclear pollution sources. They could impose a serious r
adiological and ecological impacts on the Red Sea marine environment. Both
oil and phosphate related activities could increase the concentration of
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials – NORM such as 238U series\, 2
32Th series and 40K. Forty representative shore sediment samples were coll
ected from the Egyptian Red Sea shore\, from Shuqeir to Marsa Alam City re
gion. Activity concentration of 238U\, 232Th\, 40K were measured using ICP
-MS analytical techniques. Previous study showed the possible impact of in
dustrial activities on the activity concentration of NORM in shore sedimen
t. This study will investigate such relationship and the distribution patt
ern of NORM in relation to the elemental composition of the shore sediment
.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/57/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/57/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioecological impacts of NORM fractionation in phosphate rock be
neficiation processes
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-58@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ashraf Khater (King Saud University)\n\nPhosphate ro
ck beneficiation processes (crushing\, screening\, washing\, magnetic sepa
ration and wet screening) aims to increase the phosphorus content of the r
un-of-mine (ROM) ore. It starts with the ROM ore and ends with the wet roc
k\, and different rejects (by-products). These by-products have potential
environmental hazards due to their content of Naturally Occurring Radioact
ive Materials – NORM especially uranium-238 series. They have also poten
tial industrial and agricultural useful applications due to their physicoc
hemical properties such as their relative high content of phosphorus\, cla
y and iron. Representative samples of ROM ore\, wet rock\, and beneficiati
on processes by-products (wet screening\, magnetic separation\, slim\, and
clay and dolomite rocks) were collected. Natural radionuclides (238U\, 23
5U\, 232Th\, 40K\, 210Pb\, 210Po) were measured using γ-ray spectrometer\
, α particle spectrometer and ICP-MS analytical techniques. Radiologicall
y\, internal hazards index\, external hazard index\, representative level
index\, γ absorbed dose rate and occupational dose equivalent due to inha
lation were calculated. Potential hazards due to beneficiation processes a
nd their by-products were discussed. Some of the by-products could have po
tential useful applications such as clay rock and slim for agricultural so
il reclamation. The aspects of these useful applications were discussed.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/58/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/58/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Polonium (210Po)\, uranium (234U\, 238<
/sup>U) and plutonium (238Pu\, 239+240Pu) in the big
gest Polish rivers
DTSTART:20100420T035000Z
DTEND:20100420T041000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-63@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anna Jahnz-Bielawska (University of Gdańsk)\, Agnie
szka Tuszkowska (University of Gdańsk)\, Bogdan Skwarzec (University of G
dańsk)\, Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska (University of Gdańsk)\, Alicja Bo
ryło (University of Gdańsk)\n\nRadionuclides existing in the environment
\, both natural and artificial\, are accumulated in plants and animals and
transferred through the trophic chain. They are also transported with riv
er from their catchments’ areas. The activities of polonium 210Po\, uran
ium (234U\, 238U) and plutonium (238Pu\, 239+240Pu) were measured in the b
iggest Polish rivers with tributaries – the Vistula and the Oder – and
3 small Pomeranian rivers. The Vistula unfiltered water samples were coll
ected from November 2002 to November 2003\, the Oder and the Pomeranian sa
mples were collected from October 2003 to July 2004 and all were measured
using the α spectrometer.\nThe highest quantity of 210Po was transported
from the Vistula catchments area to the Baltic Sea in spring and the lowes
t in summer\, while the Oder carries the highest amounts during spring tim
e. Annually the southern Baltic Sea is enriched in 94.5 GBq of 210Po (73.7
GBq from the Vistula\, 14.8 GBq from the Oder and 6.0 GBq from the Pomera
nian rivers).\nIn the study\, the highest activities of uranium 234U and 2
38U in the Vistula River samples was observed in spring\, the lowest in su
mmer. The activity of uranium in the Oder was different in all analyzed se
asons\, the lowest however in summer. In all analyzed river samples uraniu
m isotopes 234U and 238U are not in the radioactive equilibrium state and
the values of 234U/238U activity ratio lie between 1.03-1.84. Annually the
southern Baltic Sea is enriched in about 750 GBq of 234U and 238U from al
l analyzed rivers.\nAccording to the Vistula River the highest quantity of
plutonium 238Pu and 239+240Pu were transported to Baltic See in spring an
d the lowest in summer. The highest activities of plutonium 238Pu and 239+
240Pu in the Oder River samples was observed in winter\, the lowest in sum
mer. Annually the Vistula River\, the Oder River and the Pomeranian rivers
enrich the Baltic Sea in 22.2 MBq 238Pu and 137.6 239+240Pu.\n\nThe autho
rs would like to thank to the Ministry of Sciences and Informatics for the
financial support under grant DS/8460-4-0176-10.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.c
vut.cz/event/1/contributions/63/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/63/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Plutonium speciation in the southern Baltic Sea sediments
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-64@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alicja Boryło (University of Gdańsk)\, Magdalena P
awlukowska (University of Gdańsk)\, Bogdan Skwarzec (University of Gdańs
k)\, Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska (University of Gdańsk)\n\nWet and dry a
tmospheric fallout from nuclear weapon tests is one of the most important
sources of plutonium in Baltic Sea. The other sources: plutonium releases
from spent fuel facilities in Sellafield (UK) and Cap de la Hague (France)
are less important. Since April 26\, 1986 there is a new source of pluton
ium – Chernobyl plutonium\, which should be taken under note in estimati
on of its radiological effects on the environment. In marine environment p
lutonium exists on III\, IV\, V and VI oxidation state and in the Baltic S
ea 99% of total plutonium is deposited in sediments.\nIn this study 6 diff
erent chemical forms of plutonium (the fraction dissolved in water\, conne
cted to carbonates\, connected to oxides\, complexed with organic matter\,
mineral acids soluble and the rest) in sediments from the delta of Vistul
a River\, Gdańsk Bay\, Gdańsk Deep and Bornholm Deep were determined.\nT
he distribution of 239+240Pu in analyzed sediments samples was not uniform
and depended on its chemical form\, depth and geomorphology of the sedime
nts. The highest 239+240Pu concentrations were found in muddy sediments of
Gdańsk Bay at 8-9 cm layer while the lowest\, 10 times lower than in Gda
ńsk Bay\, near the delta of Vistula River. The lowest plutonium concentra
tions were found in the lowest layers (below 22 cm).\nAccording to all ana
lyzed fractions the biggest amount of 239+240Pu in all sediments was found
in the fraction connected to carbonates: the delta of Vistula River – 3
4%\, Gdańsk Bay – 42%\, Bornholm Deep – 35%. In sediments of Gdańsk
Deep plutonium was mostly connected to fraction soluble in mineral acids (
40%). Significant 239+240Pu amount was also connected to organic matter (2
9%)\, but the lowest amount of plutonium was in fraction dissolved in wate
r.\n\nThe authors would like to thank to the Ministry of Sciences and Info
rmatics for the financial support under grant DS/8460-4-0176-10.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/64/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/64/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Polonium 210Po and uranium 234U and 238
U in phosphogypsum and surface water at waste dump in Wiślinka from
Phosphoric Fertilizers Industry of Gdańsk and their accumulation in plan
ts
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-65@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Waldemar Nowicki (University of Gdańsk)\, Bogdan Sk
warzec (University of Gdańsk)\, Dagmara Boryło (University of Gdańsk)\,
Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska (University of Gdańsk)\n\nPhosphogypsum ref
ers to the gypsum formed as a by-product of processing phosphate ore into
fertilizer with sulfuric acid. They are radioactive due to the presence of
naturally occurring uranium and radium in the phosphate ore and enriched
in natural polonium 210Po\, while the uranium radionuclides (234U and 238U
) tend to be in waters around waste dump. The migration and distribution o
f uranium and polonium radionuclides in analyzed water samples are not uni
form. \nAll analyzed phosphogypsum samples contained higher 210Po activity
in comparison with uranium radionuclides. \nThe values of uranium and po
lonium concentration in water with immediate surroundings of waste heap ar
e considerably higher than in the waters of the Martwa Wisła River. The a
ctivity ratio of 234U/238U is approximately about 1 in the phosphogypsum a
nd between 0.92-9.99 in the water of retention reservoir and pumping stati
on\, while in the water from the Martwa Wisła River is slightly higher th
an 1. Polonium and uranium concentrations in water samples of the Martwa W
isła are relatively low in comparison with value in retention reservoir a
nd pumping station near phosphogypsum waste heap. This suggests that radio
nuclides could be leached from dumping site to the surrounding environment
.\nThe major source of polonium and uranium in plants is wet and dry atmos
pheric fall containing the soil and the air dust from the phosphogypsum wa
ste dump and also accumulation through the root system. The highest uraniu
m and polonium concentrations were found in older part of grasses (yellow
oat-grass\, meadow foxtail\, moneywort)\, turned for atmospheric fall for
a long time. \n\nThe authors would like to thank to the Ministry of Scienc
es and Informatics for the financial support under grant DS/8460-4-0176-10
.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/65/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/65/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Naturally existing 210Po in human and dog hair samples
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-66@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alicja Boryło (University of Gdańsk)\, Bogdan Skwa
rzec (University of Gdańsk)\, Dagmara Strumińska-Parulska (University of
Gdańsk)\n\nMore than 100 samples of human hair and 15 samples of dog fur
were collected from Pomeranian area for polonium analysis. The 210Po conc
entration in analyzed hair samples ranged from 0.33±0.02 to 12.84±0.80 m
Bq.g-1 dw (mean value is 3.41 mBq.g-1).\nThe highest 210Po activity values
were found in hair sample collected from men had rich fish diet and smoke
d about 20 cigarettes per day. The lowest 210Po concentration was found in
hair sample collected from a lady who did not consume fish and did not sm
oke cigarettes. The lowest amounts were also found in children’s hair (0
.43±0.03 and 0.84±0.08 mBq.g-1 dw) who did not eat much fish and lived a
t homes free of cigarettes. In the case of a child living at home where ex
posed at cigarettes this concentration was much higher – 4.02±0.37 mBq.
g-1 dw.\nAmong dogs fur the highest 210Po concentration was found in 7 yea
rs old dachshund dog – 4.48±0.54 mBq.g-1 dw\, but the lowest 210Po conc
entration was found in 3 years old staffordshire bull terrier bitch – 1.
96±0.26 mBq.g-1 dw.\n\nThe authors would like to thank to the Ministry of
Sciences and Informatics for the financial support under grant DS/8460-4-
0176-10.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/66/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/66/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The sorption of cesium on Beishan soil under different physicochem
ical conditions studied by batch and EDS techniques
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-67@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Qiaohui Fan (Lanzhou Univesity)\, Wangsuo Wu (Lanzho
u University)\n\nAdsorption of Cs+ to Beishan soil (BS) as function of pH\
, foreign ions\, temperatures\, contact time and humic substances was stud
ied in detail under ambient conditions using batch techniques. The results
suggested that the adsorption of Cs+ was strongly dependent on ionic stre
ngth\, whereas nearly independent of pH values\, and the values of Kd were
1388.78 mL/g in 0.01 mol/L NaClO4 and 740.14 mL/g in 0.1 mol/L NaClO4 sol
ution\, respectively. The foreign ions competed with Cs+ in the sequence:
K+ > Na+ > Li+ and Mg2+>Ca2+≈Na+\; however\, the influence of anions was
not obvious which might be attributed to the very low complexing ability
with anions (i.e.\, Cl-\, ClO4- and NO3-). The adsorption reaction of Cs+
to BS was very fast\; the values of Ea were 8.944 kJ/mol. The positive ΔH
0 and negative ΔG0 meant that the holistic process of Cs+ adsorption to B
S was an endothermic and spontaneous process. The adsorption isotherms of
Cs+ were well simulated by the Langmuir model at higher concentration of N
aClO4\, whereas Freundlich model was better than Langmuir model at low ion
strengths (i.e.\, 0.001 mol/L NaClO4)\; and the values of qmax obtained f
rom the Langmuir model ranged from ~3.33×10-7 to ~5.00×10-7 mol/g. Humic
substances (FA and HA) enhanced significantly the adsorption of Cs+ to BS
.The EDS analysis indicated that the adsorbed Cs+ were mainly distributed
to the fray edges of BS\, the locations of these adsorbed Cs+ coincided wi
th the sodium depletion area\, implying the replacement of Na+ by Cs+ adso
rption.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/67/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/67/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fossil fuel CO2 detection by atmospheric 14C
and CO2 mixing ratio measurements in the city of Debrecen\, Hu
ngary
DTSTART:20100420T091000Z
DTEND:20100420T093000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-68@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: László Haszpra (Hungarian Meteorological Service)\
, Ivo Svetlík (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR)\, István Major (Isotopte
ch Zrt.)\, Éva Svingor (MTA ATOMKI)\, Mihály Veres (Isotoptech Zrt.)\, M
ihály Molnár (MTA ATOMKI)\n\nFossil fuel CO2 content in the air of a maj
or Hungarian city (Debrecen) was determined using together measurement of
CO2 mixing ratio and radiocarbon (14C) content of air.\nIn this project we
developed a high precision atmospheric CO2 monitoring station in Debrecen
. An integrating sampling system (developed by ATOMKI) was applied for rad
iocarbon measurements. One sampler was installed in Debrecen station and t
wo independent 14CO2 sampling line were installed ~ 300 km far from Debrec
en at Hegyhátsál station as independent background references\, where hi
gh precision atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio measurement is also running sinc
e 1997. \nDuring the winter of 2008/09 we measured the mixing ratio and ra
diocarbon content of atmospheric CO2 at Debrecen and the reference station
simultaneously. It was concluded that trends in CO2 mixing ratio variatio
ns in time are very similar at the three different sampling points (2 m ab
ove ground in Debrecen\, 10 m and 115 m above ground in Hegyhátsál). Air
quality in Debrecen during September of 2008 seemed to be relatively clea
r from the point of view of its CO2 content at least. When winter came clo
ser in October\, with lover outside temperature and less sunshine hours th
e CO2 content of air was increased in general at all the three sampling po
ints\, but this effect was more intensive closer to the ground level.\nAcc
ording our radiocarbon observations it was clearly indicated that there wa
s not significant amount of fossil fuel CO2 in the air of Debrecen during
September in 2008. But during the winter of 2008/09 the 14C value of at
mospheric CO2 of Debrecen decreased with more than 40 ‰ relative to Sept
ember’s results\, and according our calculations it was caused by about
20 ppm fossil fuel CO2 which appeared as a surplus amount in the air above
the September level.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions
/68/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/68/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Vertical and horizontal distribution of 137Cs in zone o
f Chernobyl contamination in Russia
DTSTART:20100422T053000Z
DTEND:20100422T054500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-69@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Olga Zhukova (Institute of global climate and ecolog
y)\n\nPeculiarity of vertical migration of Cs-137 was investigated in zone
s of Chernobyl contamination (Bryanskaya\, Orlovskaya\, Tulskaya and Kaluz
hskaya districts). Vertical distribution of Cs-137 on inviolate places cha
racterizing by minimal penetration of peak of maximal concentration for t
he depth about 2-4 cm in dependence of type of soil and intensity of proce
sses of byoturbation. \nPractically all quantity of Cs-137 in inviolate so
ils accumulated in upper 0-15 cm. The waterlogged soils as well as acidic
soils of the pine forests are exclusion of this rule\, where Cs-137 на m
ay migrate for the big depth. For example the sandy soils without feature
of podzolic processes in the first 5 cm contain 97% quantity of radionucli
de. In dernovo-podzols the first 5 cm contain only about 60% of Cs-137 and
observed second peak of vertical distribution of Cs-137\, related with ac
cumulation of radionuclide in illuvial horizont. \nVertical distribution o
f Cs-137 in arable soils and adjacent slopes of dry valleys is formed grea
tly by processes of erosion and accumulation. There is observing the alter
nation zones of previously erosion and accumulation inside of the arable s
lope. On the flood planes of small rivers accumulation of radionuclide is
discovered on the billow near the river-channel\, peak of vertical distrib
ution of Cs-137 placed on the 5-10 см depth. In marshi soils is usually
discovered decreasing of Cs-137 in 0-25 cm depth relatively of soils of hi
gher geomorphological positions\, probably because of penetration of radio
nuclide in greater depth. But\, in periodically wet conditions of flood pl
ane depressions it can formed local spots of contamination in 5 times bigg
er then soils of adjacent dry hills.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/
1/contributions/69/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/69/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The sorption processes of Np(V) and U(VI) onto metal oxide phases.
The formation of sorption complexes and mechanistic aspects studied by in
situ ATR FT-IR spectroscopy
DTSTART:20100422T054500Z
DTEND:20100422T060000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-70@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Katharina Müller (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossend
orf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Karsten Heim (Forschungszentrum Dresd
en-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Harald Foerstendorf (Forsch
ungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\n\nThe migra
tion behaviour of actinide ions in the geosphere is generally influenced b
y sorption processes in aqueous media. These processes occurring at solid/
liquid interfaces can be monitored by in situ Attenuated Total Reflection
Fourier-transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy providing structural i
nformation on a molecular level.[1]\nIn this work\, the sorption of neptun
ium(V) onto metal oxides was investigated for the first time by ATR FT-IR
spectroscopy. From the Np(V) sorption studies on the metal oxides\, stable
surface species of NpO2+ are derived. The type of the sorbed species can
be elucidated by a spectral shift (~ 30 cm−1) to lower wavenumbers of th
e antisymmetric stretching vibration υ3(NpO2+) compared to the aqueous sp
ecies suggesting an inner-sphere complexation. Outer-sphere complexation i
s found to play a minor role due to the pH independence of the sorption sp
ecies throughout the pH range 4 – 7.6. The comparative spectroscopic exp
eriments of Np(V) sorption onto TiO2\, SiO2 and ZnO indicate structurally
similar bidentate surface complexes.[2]\nA detailed insight into the molec
ular mechanisms occurring during the formation of ternary actinide complex
es at the solid/liquid interface is provided upon formation of uranyl carb
onato complexes on ferrihydrite (Fh). The influence of the presence of atm
ospheric carbon dioxide during the sorption processes of the actinide ions
was studied by sorption experiments which were carried out under inert ga
s conditions and in an ambient atmosphere. From the results\, the formatio
n of bidentate [Fh•••UO2•••O2CO] complexes can be derived unde
r mildly acid conditions which is in agreement from recent EXAFS results o
btained from batch samples.[3]\nFurthermore\, experiments with 13C labelle
d carbonate provide an unequivocal assignment of the spectral features ref
lecting the structural alterations of the carbonate ions upon sorption of
uranyl cations onto Fh. From these assignments\, the formation of the tern
ary uranyl complexes can be described at a molecular level.\n\nReferences\
n[1] Lefèvre\, G. (2004) Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 107\, 109-123.\n[
2] Müller\, K. et al. (2009) Environ. Sci. Technol.\, in press.\n[3]
Rossberg\, A. et al. (2009) Environ. Sci. Technol. 43\, 1400-1406.\n\nht
tps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/70/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/70/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation monitoring method features of contamination areas ageing
in landscape
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-71@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dmitry Manzon (Institute of global climat and ecolog
y)\n\nThe aim of this work is generalizing experimental researches data re
ceived in zone of Chernobyl trace in 2007 in Bryansk region in order to
automorph\, transit and accumulation landscapes. Variabiliy of 137Cs level
s in shown at the 3 experimental sites.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/eve
nt/1/contributions/71/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/71/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Kinetics of reduction of hexavalent neptunium by nitrous acid in s
olutions of nitric acid
DTSTART:20100419T100000Z
DTEND:20100419T101500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-72@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alena Paulenova (Oregon State University)\, Martin P
recek (Oregon State University)\n\nExtraction of hexavalent and tetravalen
t actinides with tributylphospate (TBP) from their solutions in nitric aci
d is the most industrially mature process for reprocessing of spent nuclea
r fuel and is the basis for the development of advanced reprocessing schem
es like UREX and TRUEX. One of the less resolved issues is the management
of neptunium in the extraction system\, because of not clearly defined red
ox speciation. Neptunium is present in both pentavalent and hexavalent oxi
dation state that differ greatly in their extractability to the organic ph
ase (hexavalent state being very well extracted by TBP\, whereas pentavale
nt neptunium is almost not extracted). As a result\, neptunium is distribu
ted in both organic and aqueous streams of the separation process. Apparen
tly\, the most important factor determining the redox speciation of neptun
ium is the presence of nitrous acid that is formed during the dissolution
of spent fuel and also by radiolysis. Nitrous acid HNO2 is relatively well
extracted by TBP (log D ≈ 1) and is therefore distributed from the sour
ce raffinate solution in further stages of the separation system [1]. If p
resent in small quantities\, it autocatalyzes the oxidation of Np(V) by ni
tric acid\, whereas large concentration of HNO2 leads to reduction of Np(V
I) back to the pentavalent state – the kinetics of this reaction have be
en covered in detail by many authors [2]. The kinetics of reduction of Np(
VI) by HNO2 have so far attracted only little interest and are the subject
of this study. \nUV-VIS-NIR absorption spectrophotometry (OceanOpticsTM)
in a stirred cuvette was employed in order to study the reaction:\n\n2Np(V
I) + HNO2 + H2O ↔ 2Np(V) + NO3- + 3H+\n\nThe reaction progress was recor
ded by following the absorbance at characteristic peak of Np(V) at 981nm a
nd simultaneous observation of the broad absorption peak of HNO2 between 3
50-400 nm. The reaction orders with respect to concentrations of Np(VI) an
d HNO2 were found to be close to one. Increasing the concentration of nitr
ic acid at constant ionic strength (µ=4M H/LiNO3) had a decreasing effect
on the reaction rate with an order of -0.8. The dependence of the rate co
nstant on the ionic strength and temperature will be also reported.\n\nhtt
ps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/72/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/72/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of Portuguese geomaterials\, the clay component o
f rañas\, as potential liners for low and intermediate radioactive dispos
al sites
DTSTART:20100423T030000Z
DTEND:20100423T032000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-73@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mário Abel Gonçalves (Faculty of Sciences/Universi
ty of Lisbon\, Portugal)\, Maria do Carmo Freitas (Nuclear and Technologic
al Institute (ITN)\, Portugal)\, Romão Trindade (Nuclear and Technologica
l Institute (ITN)\, Portugal)\, António Mateus (Faculty of Sciences/Unive
rsity of Lisbon\, Portugal)\, Flávia Maia (Faculty of Sciences/University
of Lisbon\, Portugal)\, Isabel Paiva (Nuclear and Technological Institute
(ITN)\, Portugal)\, Iuliu Bobos (Faculty of Sciences/University of Oporto
\, Portugal)\, Eva Andrade (Nuclear and Technological Institute (ITN)\, Po
rtugal)\, Maria José Madruga (Nuclear and Technological Institute (ITN)\,
Portugal)\n\nSafety assessment of low and intermediate level waste reposi
tories requires the understanding of radionuclides sorption-desorption mec
hanisms\, mainly the degree of interaction between radionuclides and miner
al surfaces with the aim to analyse processes that can affect the safety o
f the repository at both near and far-field zones. Among the different rad
ionuclides that are part of the radwastes’ inventory produced by industr
ial\, medical\, teaching and research activities carried out in Portugal\,
137Cs is one of the most important from the radiological point of view du
e to its half-live (30 years) and high radiotoxicity. The clay component o
f natural geomaterials named rañas\, originated from an area located in t
he NE Mainland of Portugal\, were studied for their potential as effective
barriers to avoid or reduce the impact of radionuclides migration. Charac
terization of these geomaterials is the first step towards identification
of the adsorption/desorption mechanisms involved. Cationic exchange capaci
ty (CEC)\, specific adsorption capacity on frayed edge sites (FES)\, and r
adiocaesium interception potential (RIP) for potassium ion\, using gamma s
pectrometry were determined for three selected grains-size fractions (\n\n
https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/73/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/73/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Alpha radiometric determination of plutonium and uranium isotopes
after separation of the radionuclides by cation exchange and liquid extrac
tion
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-74@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tasoula Kiliari (PhD student\, Department of Chemist
ry\, University of Cyprus)\n\nThe radioactivity concentration of uranium a
nd plutonium isotopes (Pu-236 and U-232) in water samples has been determi
ned by means of alpha spectroscopy after chemical separation of the radion
uclides by cation exchange and liquid-liquid extraction using the Chelex-1
00 resin and 30%TBP/dodecan. Method calibration using Pu-236/U-232 standar
d solutions results in a detector efficiency of 19% and in a cation exchan
ge separation efficiency which varies between 60% and 90%\, and 50% and 70
%\, for uranium and plutonium\, respectively\, depending on the radionucli
de concentration in the sample. Application of the method to test solution
s of constant radionuclide concentration and variable composition (0.1\, 0
.5 and 1 M NaCl\; 0.1 and 0.5 M Ca(NO3)2\; 0.1 and 1 mM FeCl3\; 10 and 100
ppm SiO2\; 10 and 100 ppm humic acid) shows generally that the cation exc
hange efficiency is not significantly affected by the presence of major co
mponents\, except for increased Fe(III) concentrations in solution (> 0.1
mM). The liquid-liquid extraction efficiency is almost similar for both ra
dioelements and varies between 50% and 80%\, depending on the radionuclide
concentration in the sample. Taking into account that the electrodepositi
on of the radionuclides under study is quantitative\, the total method eff
iciency is calculated to vary between 30-70% and between 25-55%\, for the
uranium and plutonium isotopes\, respectively. The detection limit of the
alpha spectrometric system has been found to be 0.2 mBq/l\, suggesting tha
t the method could be successfully applied for the radiometric analysis of
uranium and plutonium isotopes in natural waters\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.c
vut.cz/event/1/contributions/74/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/74/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Distribution of natural radionuclides and 137Cs in the
sediments of a Mediterranean fjord-like embayment\, Amvrakikos Gulf\, Gree
ce
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-76@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: GEORGE PAPATHEODOROU (LABORATORY OF MARINE GEOLOGY A
ND PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY\, DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS\,
GREECE)\, DIMITRIOS ATHANASOPOULOS (DIVISION OF INORGANIC\, PHYSICAL AND N
UCLEAR CHEMISTRY\, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS\, GREECE
)\, ELIAS FAKIRIS (LABORATORY OF MARINE GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY\
, DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS\, GREECE)\, DIMITRIOS CHRIS
TODOULOU (LABORATORY OF MARINE GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY\, DEPARTM
ENT OF GEOLOGY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS\, GREECE)\, MARIA GERAGA (LABORATORY
OF MARINE GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY\, DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY\, UNI
VERSITY OF PATRAS\, GREECE)\, MARGARITA IATROU (LABORATORY OF MARINE GEOLO
GY AND PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY\, DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRA
S\, GREECE)\, HELEN PAPAEFTHYMIOU (DIVISION OF INORGANIC\, PHYSICAL AND NU
CLEAR CHEMISTRY\, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY\, UNIVERSITY OF PATRAS\, GREECE)
\n\nFive small sediment cores were collected from the seafloor of the Amvr
akikos Gulf for the study of the spatial and downcore distribution of natu
ral radionuclides and 137Cs in the sediments. Amvrakikos Gulf is a shallow
(\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/76/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/76/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of a Cu selective extraction chromatographic resi
n
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-78@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hartmut Jungclas (Radiochemie\, FB Chemie\, Philipps
-Universität Marburg\, Marburg\, Germany)\, Alexander Zulauf (Radiochemie
\, FB Chemie\, Philipps-Universität Marburg\, Marburg\, Germany)\, Carina
Dirks (Radiochemie\, FB Chemie\, Philipps-Universität Marburg\, Marburg\
, Germany)\, Steffen Happel (TrisKem International)\n\nCu isotopes (e.g. C
u-64) increasingly find use in radiopharmaceutical applications\, accordin
gly fast and reliable methods for the production of these isotopes are nee
ded. Aim of the presented project is the characterization of a Cu selectiv
e extraction chromatographic resin for the fast and selective separation o
f Cu radionuclides e.g. from irradiated Ni targets. The characterization o
f the resin includes the determination of k’ values of Cu\, Ni and other
potentially interfering elements and impurities for varying acids and pH
values\, the influence of macro amounts of Ni on the extraction of Cu as
well as the influence of other potential interferents. Based on the obtain
ed results a method for the separation of Cu\, and its purification\, from
irradiated Ni targets was developed and tested on simulated Ni targets.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/78/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/78/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Extraction of thorium from the Fen deposit in Norway
DTSTART:20100422T031500Z
DTEND:20100422T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-79@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dag Eriksen (Primus.inter.pares as)\n\nAfter the ren
aissance of nuclear power and thorium breeding in particular\, the interes
t for the Norwegian thorium deposits has revived. However\, the economic p
otential for exploitation is depending on several parameters\, i.e. hetero
geneity of ore\, content of carbonaceous minerals\, other valuable element
s present\, etc. \n\nFen is the site where the largest Norwegian thorium d
eposits are found. The thorium minerals at Fen are reported to be oxide an
d silicate\, but experience obtained indicates that some thorium must also
be present in carbonate rock. Based on experience from extraction of rare
earth elements from red rock ("rødberg") at Fen the possibilities for th
orium extraction are assessed.\n\nThe Fen complex in Telemark\, Norway is
a geological region noted for an unusual suite of igneous rocks. Several v
arieties of carbonatite are present in the area as well as highly alkaline
rocks. The Fen complex is a roughly circular area about three kilometers
in diameter. It is located just west of the Oslo graben\, on the south sid
e of Lake Norsjø\, from Ulefoss in NW some three km eastbound. The area c
overs some 6 km2 and has been known for its complex mineralogical composit
ion for almost a century. \n\nRødberg rock in the local area called Gruve
åsen is covered with soil and vegetation. Gruveåsen has the highest conc
entration of thorium in the area. The thorium concentration in Gruveåsen
is reported to reach 0\,4%\, but ordinarily it is 0\,1 – 0\,2%. Only in
Gruveåsen the amount of Th is expected to be of the order of 5 000 tonnes
.\nThe whole Fen area is populated and used as residential and recreationa
l areas. \n\nNot only is the heterogeneity large\, the mineral grains are
small\, less than 0.1 mm.\n\nThe content of carbonaceous rock requires a h
igh consumption of acid to leach it. In a pilot plant operation to extract
rare earth elements (REE) HCl was chosen as the dissolving species. 700 k
g HCl per tonne rødberg was consumed to leach a yield of 100% Ca and Mg a
nd 80% of REE. Thorium was also leached indicating that Th is not solely p
resent as silicate or oxide. However\, small amounts of silicic acid were
also present in the leachate causing severe problems. \n\nTo extract thori
um also other valuable elements must be cost carriers and the rare earths
are an obvious choice. Another possible element present is niobium\, but i
t is not present in the same minerals as REE.\n\nThorium from Fen will har
dly ever be recovered as the main element\, but may be a valuable by-produ
ct. However\, the main obstacle in developing an economic feasible process
is the carbonaceous rocks consuming too much acid or energy.\n\nhttps://i
ndico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/79/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/79/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Routines of 210Po determination in fluvial sediments fo
r dating purpose
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-80@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gabriele Wallner (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry\,
Vienna University\, Währinger Str. 42\, A-1090 Vienna\, Austria)\, Lenka
Tomaskova (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR\, Na Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 86
Prague)\, Gabriela Wallova (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry\, Vienna Univ
ersity\, Währinger Str. 42\, A-1090 Vienna\, Austria)\, Ivo Svetlik (Nucl
ear Physics Institute AS CR\, Na Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 86 Prague)\, Tereza
Novakova (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR\, Na Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 86 P
rague)\n\nDuring the last decades\, 210Pb and its daughter 210Po have beco
me widely used radionuclides for sediment dating. In environmental sedimen
ts\, the total amount of 210Pb is given by two components: (a) supported 2
10Pb\, produced by radioactive decay of 222Rn inside the material\, and (b
) an unsupported 210Pb component derived from 222Rn which diffuses into th
e atmosphere where decays. Subsequently\, 210Pb is removed by atmospheric
precipitation or dry deposition\, falling on the land or water surfaces. \
nThe dating method often applies determination of 210Po supposing the radi
oactive equilibrium with 210Pb. Utilized analytical procedures generally c
onsists from several basic parts: (a) isolation of measured radionuclide b
y leaching or total decomposition of sample matrix or polonium distillatio
n\; (b) measurement by alpha spectrometry or by liquid scintillation count
ing\; (c) determination of supported 210Pb. Our contribution will compare
several sample preparation techniques and possibilities of measurement wit
h regards to sample matrix\, time and instrumentation requests.\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/80/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/80/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioactive waste destruction using molten salt oxidation
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-83@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: James Dale Navratil (Hazen Research\, Inc.\, Golden
Colorado\, USA)\, Jan John (CTU in Prague\, FNSPE\, katedra jaderné chemi
e)\, Petr Kovařík (Nuclear Research Institute Rez plc.)\n\nA molten salt
oxidation (MSO) process is being studied for the safe and\neffective dest
ruction of organic components of radioactive waste. The\nwork involves a
laboratory-scale molten salt oxidation system where solid\nor liquid waste
is injected into a bed of molten carbonate salt in the\npresence of an ox
idizing gas. The relatively simple MSO process\ncompletely destroys organ
ic compounds\, and the carbonate salt neutralizes\nany generated acid gase
s and retains the radioactivity. In the past\, high\nmelting point salts
have been used with air oxidation. In these studies\,\nthe use of low mel
ting point salts and stronger oxidizing agents are being\ninvestigated for
the destruction of radioactive waste oil and ion exchange\nresins. Work
on the recovery of uranium from lignites will also be\npresented.\n\nhttps
://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/83/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/83/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of an extraction chromatographic resin for the se
paration and determination of 36Cl
DTSTART:20100423T031500Z
DTEND:20100423T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-84@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aude Bombard (TrisKem International)\, Hartmut Jungc
las (Radiochemie\, FB Chemie\, Philipps-Universität Marburg\, Marburg Ger
many)\, Bandombele Marcel Mokili (Laboratoire SUBATECH (CNRS/IN2P3 / Ecole
des Mines de Nantes / Université de Nantes)\, Nantes\, France)\, Steffen
Happel (TrisKem International)\, Alexander Zulauf (Radiochemie\, FB Chemi
e\, Philipps-Universität Marburg\, Marburg Germany)\n\nThe monitoring of
long-lived radionuclides is of great importance in the context of the surv
eillance of nuclear facilities\, during their operation as well as during
their decommissioning. This is especially true for radionuclides of rather
volatile elements as chlorine and iodine\, main interested being Cl-36 an
d I-129. LSC is a widely used measurement technique for the determination
of Cl-36 that requires a thorough and selective sample preparation in orde
r to give accurate results. Sample preparation methods frequently employed
such as volatilization and/or repeated precipitation steps can be rather
elaborate and time-consuming\, it is thus attempted to develop an easy to
use extraction chromatographic resin that allows extraction\, and subseque
nt separation\, of Cl and I from pretreated environmental and decommission
ing samples and that allows their determination via LSC. \nThe results of
the characterization of the resin including k' values of potential interfe
rents and of the method development are presented as well as some first re
sults of the analysis of real samples.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/even
t/1/contributions/84/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/84/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Applications of nuclear analytical methods in the historical glass
in Thailand
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-85@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Narin Sirikulrat (Lecturer)\, Pornsawat Wathanakul (
Lecturer)\, Sorapong Pongkrapan (Ph.D. Student)\, Krit Won-in (Lecturer)\,
Yatima Thongkam (Graduated student)\, Pisutti Dararutana (Army Officer)\n
\nCultural heritage objects are highly heterogeneous. Due to the complex n
ature of materials and objects\, their analysis needs to use extremely sen
sitive\, spatialy resolved\, multi-elemental and versatile methods that sh
ould be as a non invasive as possible and give complementary information a
t different scales\; from the macroscopic to the namometer scales. In this
work\, XRF\, SEM-EDS\, PIXE\, EPMA and XAS were used to characterize the
chemical composition and microstructure of the historical glass in Thailan
d such as ancient glass beads\, ancient decorative glasses and old-styled
gold mosaic glass. It can be concluded that these are powerful tools for i
nvestigation of heterogeneous glassy materials.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/85/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/85/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gross &alpha\; activity determination in water and 210P
o
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-86@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lenka Tomaskova (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR\, N
a Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 86 Prague)\, Jana Meresova (Water Research Institu
te\, Nabrezie arm. gen. L. Svobodu 5\, 812 49 Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Ter
eza Novakova (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR\, Na Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 8
6 Prague)\, Diana Ivanovova (T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute\, Podb
abska 30\, 160 00 Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Eduard Hanslik (T. G. Masaryk
Water Research Institute\, Podbabska 30\, 160 00 Prague\, Czech Republic)
\, Marta Vrskova (Water Research Institute\, Nabrezie arm. gen. L. Svobodu
5\, 812 49 Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Alena Belanova (Water Research Instit
ute\, Nabrezie arm. gen. L. Svobodu 5\, 812 49 Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Iv
o Světlík (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR\, Na Truhlarce 39/64\, 180 86
Prague)\n\nThe gross alpha activity is defined as the total activity of t
he alpha emitters. Gross alpha and beta activity screening methods have be
en developed to determine if radionuclides specific analysis is required t
o further characterize the water. There may be a loss of radionuclides dur
ing storage of water sample caused by the adsorption onto the container wa
ll and by the precipitation and coprecipitation. It is generally recognize
d\, however\, that these effects can be minimized by acidification of the
samples after collection utilizing HNO3 or HCl.\nPolonium 210 is an alpha
emitter\, a member of the uranium decay series. This radionuclide originat
es by radioactive decay of 222Rn. In water with elevated amount of 222Rn\,
the presence of 210Po can contribute significantly to the measured value
of the gross alpha activity. \nThe methods for gross alpha activity analys
is of drinking water are often based on sample evaporation and heating at
the temperatures exceeding 100 oC. At such temperatures\, can 210Po become
volatile in dependence of its chemical form and therefore the gross alpha
activity can be underestimated. Our contribution will compare and discuss
several routines of sample preparation considering the possible losses of
210Po.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/86/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/86/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An external cyclotron target system for nanoparticle sample activa
tion
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-87@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Izabela Cydzik (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, I
spra)\, Antonio Bulgheroni (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, J
án Kozempel (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Federica Simonel
li (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Fernando Arroja (European
Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Uwe Holzwarth (European Commission\, IH
CP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Wybe Horstmann (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Isp
ra)\, Kamel Abbas (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Neil Gibson
(European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\n\nThe need for toxicity asses
sment of industrially relevant nanoparticle materials implies that in vitr
o and in vivo biokinetics studies are required. Radiolabelled nanoparticle
s are an excellent candidate for such biodistribution measurements and are
also of high interest for particle tracing and fate studies in other area
s.\nWe describe here an external target system for direct activation of dr
y nanoparticle samples\, with He or water cooling\, which is attached to a
n external beamline of the JRC Scanditronix MC-40 cyclotron at Ispra\, Ita
ly. A specially designed capsule is used to hold several tens of mg of nan
oparticle powder material to be irradiated. The target system design and c
ooling system is described\, and considerations regarding energy depositio
n\, yield\, heat transfer\, radiation damage and radiotracer recoil are di
scussed.\n\nAcknowledgement: This work was performed in support of several
projects\, including the European Commission’s 7th framework programme
"NeuroNano" project – contract number NMP4-SL-2008-214547\n\nhttps://ind
ico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/87/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/87/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigations on stability and structure of thorium colloids
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-88@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)
\, Erica Brendler (TU Bergakademie Freiberg)\, Christoph Hennig (Forschung
szentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, Harald Zanker (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Ro
ssendorf)\, Stephan Weiss (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\, Isabell
Dreissig (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf)\n\nThis work presents res
ults about the formation of thorium(IV) colloids and precipitates in the p
resence of silicic acid. Three methods were used for the preparation of th
e thorium compounds:\n- Experiment A: Silicic acid concentrations and ioni
c strengths were adjusted in the presence of preformed stable ThO2 colloid
s at neutral pH (0.4 mM Th\; 0 3 mM Si\; I = 0.05 M NaClO4)\n- Experime
nt B: Precipitation of ThO2 colloids in the presence of silicic acid by ne
utralization from the acidic side of the pH scale (1 mM Th\; 0-4.2 mM Si\;
I = 0.1 M NaClO4)\n- Experiment C: Precipitation of Th(IV) colloids in
the presence of silicic acid by neutralisation of a Th(IV) carbonate solu
tion from the alkaline side of the pH scale (1 mM Th\; 0-3 mM Si\; I = 0.1
M NaClO4)\n\nFor the characterization of the colloids\, zeta potential me
asurements as well as NMR and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EX
AFS) spectroscopy were applied.\nThe zeta potentials of the thorium compou
nds in experiments A\, B and C were determined by laser Doppler velocimetr
y at pH values of 2 – 10. These measurements allowed the estimation of t
he isoelectric points (IEPs) of the colloids and conclusions about the col
loidal stability of the suspensions formed.\nBy the addition of silicic ac
id to preformed ThO2 colloids (experiment A)\, a significant shift of the
IEPs from pH ~ 8.5 to lower values (pH ~ 6.5) was observed. Similar result
s were found in experiment B. Here\, the IEP shifted from pH ~ 7.3 to pH ~
6.0 in the presence of silicic acid. For both experiments the shift of th
e IEP was a function of the silicic acid concentration. Obviously\, the si
gnificant amounts of silicate in/on the Th(IV) particles shift the IEP tow
ard the IEP of pure silicic acid (pH \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event
/1/contributions/88/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/88/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Micro-scale investigations of U(VI) immobilization by cementitious
materials
DTSTART:20100420T080000Z
DTEND:20100420T083000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-89@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Xavi Gaona (Paul Scherrer Institute)\, Rainer Daehn
(Paul Scherrer Institute)\, Nathalie Macé (CEA-Saclay\, DEN/DANS/DPC/SECR
/L3MR)\, Jan Tits (Paul Scherrer Institute)\, Dmitry Popov (Paul Scherrer
Institute)\, Erich Wieland (Paul Scherrer Institute)\n\nCement-based mater
ials play an important role in multi-barrier concepts developed worldwide
for the safe disposal of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste. Ce
ment is used to condition the waste materials and for the construction of
the engineered barrier system (container\, backfill and liner materials) i
n deep geological repositories. The cementitious near field is subject to
chemical alteration processes due to the interaction of cement with ground
water infiltrating from the host rock. A molecular-level understanding of
the interaction of radionuclides with cement improves long-term prediction
s of radionuclide retention in cement-based repositories with regards to i
nfluences of the heterogeneity of the cement matrix and the chemical evolu
tion of the cementitious near field with time caused by cement degradation
. \n\nIn this study the speciation of U(VI)\, which is the dominant oxidat
ion state under oxidizing and slightly reducing conditions in cementitious
environments\, was investigated by a combination of wet chemistry and syn
chrotron-based (micro-)spectroscopic and micro-diffraction techniques. Wet
chemistry experiments were carried out to quantify U(VI) uptake by cement
. Sorption isotherm measurements enabled us to distinguish U(VI) retention
by sorption from solubility-controlled effects. Complementary to wet chem
istry experiments\, we carried out synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spec
troscopy (XAS) studies on U(VI) doped crushed cementitious materials (bulk
-XAS) and micro-X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF)\, micro-XAS and micro-diffr
action studies (micro-XRD) on U(VI) doped compact hardened cement pastes (
HCP) to obtain information on the U(VI) speciation on the molecular level.
Micro-scale studies provided structural information on U(VI) binding mech
anisms which are essential for the development of thermodynamic models of
U(VI) uptake by cementitious materials. To the best of our knowledge\, the
combined use of bulk-XAS\, micro-XAS and micro-XRD techniques for speciat
ion studies on U(VI) doped HCP materials is novel.\n\nThe synchrotron-base
d studies showed that in the cement samples with low U(VI) concentration\,
i.e.\, in the linear range of U(VI) sorption\, U(VI) was predominantly bo
und onto calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H). The latter phases are among th
e most important cement phases governing immobilization processes. The coo
rdination environment of U(VI) was found to resemble that of U(VI) in uran
yl silicate minerals under these conditions. At high U(VI) loadings\, howe
ver\, where U(VI) immobilization is controlled by a solubility-limiting pr
ocess\, a second U(VI) species was observed in addition to uranyl-silicate
-like U(VI) coordination. The coordination environment of this species was
similar to that of U(VI) in Ca-uranate. \n\nThis study demonstrates that
C-S-H are the uptake-controlling phase for U(VI) in HCP. This finding\, in
combination with the observed long-term existence of C-S-H phases in an e
volving cementitious near field\, implies that safe disposal of U(VI) in a
cement-based repository should be possible over a very long period of tim
e.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/89/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/89/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Extraction of Ln/An from highly acidic solutions using cobalt bis(
dicarbollide) functionalized with complexing CMPO group.
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-90@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Magdalena Kvíčalová (Ústav anorganické chemie
ČAV)\, Bohumír Grüner (Ústav anorganické chemie ČAV)\, Jiří Rais (
Ústav jaderného výzkumu Řež)\, Mária Lučaníková (Ústav jadernéh
o výzkumu Řež)\, Pavel Selucký (Ústav jaderného výzkumu Řež)\n\nA
bstract\n\nThe nuclear fuel reprocessing isues an important problem in res
pect to handling of the family of actinides which represent the main sour
ce of radiotoxity during long-term storage. The separation of long lived r
adionuclides from liquid radioactive waste enables these hazardous element
s to be either conditioned more safely in specific matrices\, or destroyed
by transmutation. Thus\, elimination of minor actinides would lead to sig
nificant reduction of volume and radiotoxicity of the waste for the final
storage and should consequently minimize the possible risks to biosphere.
Several extraction concepts were proposed for separation of Ln and An from
fission product mixture during last ten years. \nIn this paper\, extracti
on of trivalent lanthanides and actinides using a compound based on covale
nt combination of cobalt bis(dicarbollide) (1-) anion (COSAN) and CMPO (N\
,N- dialkyl carbamoyl methyl diphenyl phosphine oxide) complexing group of
the formula [8-Ph2P(O)-CH2C(O)N-t-C8H17-(CH2-CH2O)2-1’\,2’-C2B9H11)-3
\,3’-Co]- will be presented. This compound was selected for detailed tes
ts from a broad panel of other derivatives (differing in the substitution
at the CMPO function and its bonding to the COSAN cluster 1\,2 due to very
effective extraction of Ln(III) and An(III) from highly acidic solutions
(3M HNO3)\, good solubility characteristics and an easy synthetic accessi
bility in a large scale. Extraction efficiency under different conditions
(acidity\, reagent concentration\, macro amounts of metals\, etc.)\, solub
ility in different solvents and chemical stability were tested to evaluate
a possible technological use. The composition of extracted complex was st
udied. Extraction from fission product mixture revealed very effective sep
aration from the majority of fission products with separation factor excee
ding 1000. For some fission products\, the presence of complexing agents w
as necessary.\n\nReferences:\n1. P. Selucký\, J .Rais\, M. Lučaníková\
, B. Grüner*\, M. Kvíčalová\, K. Fejfarová and I. Císařová: Radioc
him. Acta 96 (4-5)\, 273-284 (2008). \n2. B. Grűner\, M. Kvíčalová\, J
. Plešek\, V. Šícha\, I. Císařová\, M. Lučaníková\, P. Seluck
ý\, J. Organomet. Chem.\, 694 (2009) 1678-1689.\n\nWe thank for partial s
upport from Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Project No. 104/09/0668)\,
Radioactive Waste Repository Authority (Project 2007/006/Šumb and 2009/0
02/Šu)\, EU Project EUROPART (6th F.P.) and Research Plan AV0Z40320502 fr
om AS CR.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/90/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/90/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Pyrochemical and electrochemical separations studies on plutonium
(Part 2)
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-91@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dr.Mr.ASHRAF ELSAYED MOHAMED MOHAMED (World Institut
e of nuclear secuirity"Austria')\n\nPyrochemical separations \, involving
molten salt and metal media \, by liquid/liquid extraction or electrorefin
ing are studies for nuclear defense and civil applications. The electroche
mical properties of plutonium have been studied in molten salt-ternary eut
ectic mixture NaCI-KCI-BaCI2\, equimolar mixture NACI-KCI and pure CaCI2 -
and in liquid gallium at 1073 k. These processes concern actinide separat
ions \, However \, lanthanides \, such as cerium\, are often used as surro
gates.The first steps of a pyrochemical process development consist in the
solvent media.Activity coefficients of the solutes in the two phases\, th
at described the solvent-solute interaction \, are important thermochemica
l parameters to predict separations efficiency and to assess the solvents
influence . As nuclear defense scientist\, I discuss the advanced developm
ents to separate plutonium by electrochemical method that has been support
ing the developments of pyrochemical processes involving plutonium as main
goal and actinides separations.\n\n\nKeywords/ Electrochemical reactions\
, Molten salt \,Metal media\, Activity coefficient of plutonium.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/91/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/91/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gas phase chemical studies of superheavy elements using the Dubna
Gas-Filled Recoil Separator – stopping range determination
DTSTART:20100419T091500Z
DTEND:20100419T093000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-92@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heinz Gäggeler (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Yuri Tsyg
anov (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research\, Flerov Laboratoy of Nuclear R
eactions)\, Alexandre Polyakov (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research\, Fle
rov Laboratoy of Nuclear Reactions)\, Yuri Lobanov (Joint Institute for Nu
clear Research\, Flerov Laboratoy of Nuclear Reactions)\, David Piguet (Pa
ul Scherrer Institut)\, Alexey Serov (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Rugard Dre
ssler (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Robert Eichler (Paul Scherrer Institut)\,
David Wittwer (University of Bern / Paul Scherrer Institut)\n\nThe use of
the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) [1] as a preseparation devi
ce for gas phase chemistry experiments with elements 112 and 114 led us to
the task of reevaluating the stopping force (STF) of superheavy elements
(SHE). In the experiment the DGFRS and the IVO-system [2] were separated b
y a thin Mylar window of variable thickness so that the evaporation residu
es (EVR) can pass it. The reaction product collection chamber (RPC-chamber
)\, filled with gaseous argon and mounted behind the Mylar foil\, had to b
e as small as possible to increase the transport efficiency to the thermoc
hromatography detector COLD. Due to scarce availability\, we measured STF
data for Hg\, Rn\, and No in Mylar and gaseous argon at energies of around
30 to 50 MeV. These data were used for an extrapolation tothe STF of the
SHE 114.\n\nStopping force measurements\nA 265 MeV Ca-48 beam was delivere
d from the U-400 cyclotron at the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (JIN
R) in Dubna\, Russia. The beam was passed through a 1.6 μm Ti window\, a
1.6 μm Ti target backing into the target materials. Three different targe
t materials were irradiated: neodymium oxide (nat. Nd2O3\, 0.30 mg/cm2)\,
dysprosium oxide (nat. Dy2O3\, 0.33 mg/cm2) and lead (208Pb\, 0.42 mg/cm2\
, 1 μm Cu degrader in front). The mainly produced EVR’s in the fusion o
f Ca-48 with target nuclei are according to HIVAPSI [3] Hg-185\, Rn-206 or
No-254\, respectively. The EVR’s were separated in the DGFRS according
to their mass to charge ratio and guided on an exchangeable Mylar foil of
2\, 3 or 5 μm thickness separating the RPC-chamber from the DGFRS. The RP
C-chamber had a depth of 18 mm and was filled with thermalizing argon gas
of a pressure between 0.0 and 0.4 bar. In the center of the focal plane of
the separator at the back wall of the RPC-chamber a 20 x 20 mm silicon de
tector (PIN-diode) was mounted to detect the signals and the alpha decays
of implanted products. Different data points were gained by varying the My
lar foil thickness and the argon gas pressure.\n\nExtrapolation to element
114\nFor the extrapolation of the stopping range to 114 we used the assum
ption of proportionality of the STF of a heavy ion to the velocity depende
nt effective charge (qeff) and the equivalent STF of a proton (epSTF) [4].
These epSTF’s which are uncorrected for any other STF terms\, were plot
ted against 1/ln(Z) an empirically established dependence of the STF on Z
of the heavy ion. The obtained values were compared with the stopping code
SRIM 2008 [5] and finally used to setup the gas chromatography experiment
with elements 112 and 114. The results are accepted for publication [6].\
n\nReferences\n[1] K. Subotic et al.\, Nucl. Instr. Methods A\, 2002\,
481\, 65.\n[2] Ch.E. Düllmann et al.\, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A\, 2002
\, 479\, 631.\n[3] R. Dressler\, PSI Scientific Report 1998\, Volume I\
, 1999\, 131.\n[4] J. F. Ziegler\, J. P. Biersack\, and U. Littmark\,
„The stopping and range of ions in solids“\, Pergamon Press\, Kronberg
-Taunus\, Federal Republic of Germany\, 1985\n[5] J.F. Ziegler\, et al.
\, SRIM-2008\, www.srim.org\, 2008.\n[6] D. Wittwer et al.\, Nuclear In
struments and Methods B (2009).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/con
tributions/92/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/92/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optimisation of the radiosynthesis of 4-[18F]fluorometh
yl-L-phenylalanine and [18F]FET via a same Scintomics automated
synthesis hotboxthree module.
DTSTART:20100422T083000Z
DTEND:20100422T084500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-93@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vicky Caveliers (Laboratory of In Vivo Cellular and
Molecular Imaging\, Vrije Universiteit Brussel)\, John Mertens (Vrije Univ
ersiteit Brussel)\, Ken Kersemans (Vrije universiteit Brussel)\n\nIt was r
ecently reported that the success of O-(2’-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine
([18F]FET) as PET tracer is limited to brain\, head and neck tumours and t
hat there is still a need for more potent amino acid analogues for periphe
ral tumour imaging. We hereby report on the radiosynthesis of a new tracer
2-Amino-3-(4-[18F]fluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionic acid (4-[18F]FMP)\, take
n up in tumours by the LAT1 amino acid transport system\, performed with a
customised Scintomics automatic synthesis hotboxthree module. The labelli
ng reaction is based on Br for [18F] aliphatic nucleophilic exchange on 3-
(4-bromomethyl-phenyl)-2-L-tert-butoxycarbonyl- amino-propionic acid tert-
butyl ester. The critical point in the synthesis pathways was the deprotec
tion of the NCA 3-(4-[18F]fluoromethyl-phenyl)-2-L-tert-butoxycarbonyl- am
ino-propionic acid tert-butyl ester obtained after labeling due to the hig
hly activated 18F-benzyl group and the presence of a strong acid (trifluor
oacetic acid). HPLC purification and mini-column trapping followed by appr
opriate recovery allowed to obtain NCA 4-[18F]FMP in a overall yield of 30
% and with a radiochemical purity of > 99 %. This tracer was found to be
stable in its radiopharmaceutical formulation for at least a working day\,
even at high radioactivity concentrations. Additionally\, for a comparati
ve clinical study\, [18F]FET was synthesized applying the in literature de
scribed Tosyl [18F] aliphatic nucleophilic exchange followed by deprotecti
on and HPLC separation using the same module set-up. Here a 40% overall yi
eld is obtained with a radiochemical purity > 99%. \nThe described automat
ed radiosynthesis module allows the high yield production of these two ami
no acid analogues with minor alternations to the parameter settings of the
automated system\, although two different labeling reactions are performe
d\, rendering this unit versatile for both research and clinical practice
.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/93/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/93/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Programming of material’s properties over extended time interval
s via self-irradiation phenomena
DTSTART:20100422T051500Z
DTEND:20100422T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-94@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Valeriy Luchnikov (Institut de Science des Matériau
x de Mulhouse CNRS)\n\nWe consider theoretically the possibility of progra
mming the ageing processes in materials via the introduction of small quan
tities of unstable nuclei in a material’s structure. Ageing of materials
is usually considered as a harmful and undesirable process\, which limits
the lifetime of many consumer products. In certain instances\, however\,
changing of physico-chemical properties with time constitutes a part of ma
terial's functionality. Structure transformations owing to self-irradiatio
n of materials by fission products of unstable isotopes constitute a speci
al case of ageing processes. They are quasi-independent on environmental
factors\, such as heat\, light\, humidity\, aggressive chemicals. A well-
known example is metamictisation of zircon due to the decay of uranium an
d thorium atoms present in the mineral's crystal lattice. \n\nIn our work
we suggest to exploit self-irradiation phenomena to programming of materia
l's properties over extended time intervals. Using literature data on the
action of ionizing radiation on different materials\, we argue that incor
poration of minuscule amounts of radio-active species\, such as tritium\,
in the structure of certain polymers can lead to profound change of their
physico-chemical characteristics over the times ranging from few months t
o several years. For instance\, introducing tritium in the structure of po
lytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) via substitution of a small fraction of the f
luorine atoms can be used for programming radiolysis of the polymer and it
´s self-destruction to a certain date. The date can be preset by concentr
ation of tritium in the material\, which is typically a few mg of tritium
per kilogram of the polymer. Radio-active isotopes can be incorporated in
the structure of conductive polymers\, such as a blend of polyaniline (PA
NI) with poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC). Self-irradiation can lead to signifi
cant change of electronic properties of the material due to self-doping of
PANI by hydrochloric acid released by the partner polymer upon irradiatio
n. It is known that refractive index of materials (polymers\, glasses) als
o can vary upon the action of ionizing radiations. Therefore it might be p
ossible to program the value of the refractive index by radio-isotope engi
neering. Finally\, self-irradiation can be applied to scheduled relaxation
of internal mechanical stresses in materials. \n\nMaterials with time-pro
grammed characteristics can find numerous applications in different fields
of technology. For instance\, polymer or inorganic semiconductors with pr
ogrammed electronic properties can be used for the design of electronic de
vices which can be disabled or activated at a well-defined date. Due to m
iniaturisation of electronic circuits\, tiny quantities of radio-active s
ubstances might be sufficient for this purposes. \n\n\n[1] V. Luchnikov\,
"Time programming of material’s properties via self-irradiation phenome
na"\, J Mater Sci (2009) 44:6294–6301\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/ev
ent/1/contributions/94/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/94/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrodeposition of selected &alpha\;-emitting radionuclides from
oxalate-ammonium sulfate electrolyte and measured by means of solid-state
alpha spectrometry
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-95@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Sas (NBC Defence Institute\, University of De
fence)\, Petr Sládek (NBC Defence Institute\, University of Defence)\, Ji
ří Janda (NBC Defence Institute\, University of Defence)\n\nThis method
describes electrodeposition of selected group of alpha-emitting radionucli
des such as method suitable for measuring by means of solid-state alpha sp
ectrometry. The effect of volume and pH of electrolyte\, distance of elect
rodes\, current and plating time versus different alpha-emitting radionucl
ides was observed in order to optimize conditions to obtain maximum yield.
\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/95/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/95/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solvent extraction of americium by imidophosphates
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-96@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Petr Sládek (-)\, Oldřich Navrátil (-)\, Alena To
kárová (-)\n\nSolvent extraction was described for the analytical determ
inition of the americium in the liquid samples. Arylesters of imidodiphos
phoric\, imidothiodiphosphoric\, imidodithiodiphosphoric acids and tetraph
enylimidodithiodiphosphine were used as representatives of bidentate organ
ophosphoric chelating agents. Pentaphenyldiimidotriphosphate\, from the gr
oup of tridentate agents\, was used. The extraction properties of tetraphe
nyl imidodiphosphates and their sulphur analogues for trivalent americium
in 0.1-1 mol/L HNO3 into toluene and also in linear combination with TOPO
were investigated. The dependences of equilibrium ratios of the americium
on analytical or equilibrium concentration of chelating agents\, pH\, init
ial concentration of nitric acid and initial concentration of TOPO were
studied. \nThe structures of the complexes in the organic phase were deter
mined and the value of extraction constants were calculated for all system
s. The optimal extracted species were AmA3\, AmA3(HA)\, the addition of T
OPO induced synergistic extraction of AmA3.TOPO. The utilization of sulphu
r analogues was insignificant.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/cont
ributions/96/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/96/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Element 114 chemistry and what is next?
DTSTART:20100419T084500Z
DTEND:20100419T090000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-97@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: collaboration PSI-UniBe-FLNR-LLNL collaboration (Pau
l Scherrer Institut\, Universität Bern\, Switzerland\, Flerov Laboratory
of Nuclear Reactions\, Dubna\, Russia\, Lawrence Livermore National Labora
tory\, USA\, IET\, Poland)\, Alexey Serov (PhD Student)\n\nBased on the or
der in periodic table\, element 114 should be placed in the group 14\, whi
ch includes such elements like C\, Si\, Ge\, and Pb. It can be expected by
the law of periodicity that E114 will reveal a more metallic behaviour th
an its lighter homologues. However\, relativistic quantum chemical calcula
tions predict different chemical behaviour\, namely\, higher inertness in
comparison with lead [1-3]. In the present research an experimental determ
ination of deposition temperature of element E114 on gold is presented. \n
\nDuring the present research in the irradiation of 242Pu with 48Ca (detai
ls see [4]) a decay chain was observed\, which was assigned to the primary
product of the nuclear fusion reaction – the isotope 287E114 (T1/2=0.5
s). A deposition temperature for this isotope of -88 °C was observed. Thi
s unusual first chemical observation of element E114 was confirmed switchi
ng to the projectile target combination 48Ca and 244Pu. The production of
288E114 and 289E114 are reported in the nuclear reactions 244Pu (48Ca\, 4n
) and 244Pu (48Ca\, 3n)\, respectively [5]. During this experiments two mo
re decay chains\, which were attributed to the isotope 288E114 were observ
ed\, fully confirming the first observation. A kinetic Monte-Carlo based m
odel of gas adsorption chromatography [6] assesses the adsorption enthalpy
(−ΔHads(Au)) from the observed deposition pattern of element 114 on th
e gold surface in the COLD at the applied experimental conditions as −Δ
Hads(Au)(E114) = 34±54(11) kJ/mol (95% c.i.). Recent relativistic density
functional calculations predict the formation of a metallic bond between
element 114 and gold [3]. A semi-empirical macroscopic metal-metal adsorpt
ion model [7\,8] predicts adsorption enthalpy of a metal-like element 114
on gold of −ΔHads(Au)(E114) = 183 kJ/mol. The adsorption enthalpy of a
noble-gas like element 114 on gold surfaces was estimated to −ΔHads(Au)
(E112)= 42±5 kJ/mol [9]. The comparison between these theoretical values
and our experimental result concludes the formation of a noble-gas like we
ak physisorption bond between atomic 114 and a gold surface in contrast to
the expectations from the relativistic models and from empirical predicti
ons. On a 95% confidence level element 114 is interacting weaker with gold
compared to mercury. New possible experimental techniques pointed to inve
stigation of chemical properties of super heavy elements will be discussed
.\n\n[1] Eichler\, B. Kernenergie 19\, 307-311 (1976) (in German).\n[2] Se
th M. et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 37\, 2493-2496 (1998).\n[3] Pershina\,
V. et al. J. Chem. Phys. in press\, (2007).\n[4] Eichler\, R. et al. Angew
.Chem. Int. Ed.\, 47\, 3262-3266 (2007).\n[5] Oganessian\, Yu. Ts. et al.
Phys. Rev.C 70\, 064609 (2004).\n[6] Zvara I. Radiochim. Acta 38\, 95-101
(1985).\n[7] Eichler\, B. et al. Radiochim. Acta 33\, 121-125 (1983).\n[8]
Eichler\, B. Metal chemistry of transactinides. PSI Report 00-09\,\nVilli
gen (2000) \, Volatilization properties of transactinides from metal\nsurf
aces and melts (thermochemical calculation). In PSI Report 03-01\,\nVillig
en (2002)\, ISSN 1019-0643.\n[9] Eichler\, R. et al. J. Phys.Chem. B 106\,
5413-5420 (2002).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/97
/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/97/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermochromatographic investigation of 113In\, 125
Sb and 125mTe in quartz columns
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-98@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heinz Gäggeler (Paul Scherrer Institute\, PSI Villi
gen\, Switzerland)\, Robert Eichler (Paul Scherrer Institute\, PSI Villige
n\, Switzerland)\, Alexey Serov (PhD Student)\n\nInvestigation of chemical
properties of super heavy elements (SHE) produced in 48Ca induced nuclear
fusion reactions with actinide targets [1-4] represents a challenging tas
k for chemists world wide. In the present research an experimental determi
nation of dHads. of carrier-free 113mIn\, 125Sb and 125mTeO2 species on qu
artz surface was performed.\n\nLighter homologues of SHE elements 113mIn(T
1/2=99 min)\, 125Sb(T1/2=2.7582 y) and 125mTe(T1/2=57.40 d) were prepared
by using neutron irradiation facilities at PSI. For that purposes 0.5 g of
nat-Sn were irradiated at the SINQ-NAA at PSI for 2 h. The irradiated sam
ple was used as source for thermochromatographic investigations with quart
z as stationary surface. Different experimental conditions (carrier gases\
, gas mixtures and flow rates) were used to investigate of chemical behavi
our of indium\, antimony\, and tellurium species. Specially designed gradi
ent oven allowed to achieve a temperature gradient in the range between 13
00 °C up to -140 °C.\n \nThe interaction of metallic antimony and indium
with quartz surfaces was investigated using a highly purified hydrogen ga
s to exclude trace amounts of water and oxygen. The entire thermochromatog
raphy column was encapsulated in a steel tube. The gas had to pass a Ta ge
tter (1000°C) before hitting the tracer source deposited on Al2O3 and hea
ted up to 1300°C. Afterwards\, the released isotopes were transported aga
in over a hot Ta getter. This setup supposed to ensure the elemental state
for the quite reactive antimony. Reproducibility of obtained data was ach
ieved by several repetitions of the experiment at the same conditions. It
was found that deposition temperature Sb in elemental state is 580 0C\, wh
at is the in good agreement with literature data\, whereas deposition temp
erature for In is rather higher (Tdep.=710 °C) than it was reported [6].
After data collecting\, Monte-Carlo simulation approach [7] was applied to
obtain the adsorption enthalpy of the species on quartz surfaces at zero
surface coverage (dHads). Calculated enthalpy of adsorption for In was -23
5 kJ/mol and for Sb was -205 kJ/mol. Using H2/H2O gas mixture it was possi
ble to determine deposition temperature of 113In(OH) (Tdep.= 320 °C) and
125Sb(OH)3 (Tdep.= 360 °C). Such a deposition temperature results in dHad
s(InOH)= -145 kJ/mol and dHads(Sb(OH)3)= 155 kJ/mol. The interaction of t
ellurium species with quartz surfaces investigated using O2/H2O gas mixtur
e. 125mTeO2 was deposited at 590 °C resulting in an enthalpy of adsorptio
n dHads(TeO2)= -205 kJ/mol. The data obtained The data obtained in the pre
vious research will be useful for the design of experimental set-ups for g
as chromatographic experiments with real superheavy elements\, especially
E113-E115.\n \nAuthors kindly appreciated the financial support by SNF.\n\
n[1] Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.\, J. Phys. G 34\, R165-R242 (2007)\n[2] M.S
chädel Angew.Chem. Int. Ed. 45\, 368 (2006)\n[3] R. Eichler et al.\, Natu
re 447\, 72-75 (2007)\n[4] R. Eichler et al.\, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47(17
)\, 3262-3266 (2008).\n[5] R. Eichler et al. Radiochim. Acta\, submitted (
2009)\n[6] B. Eichler JINR Comm. 1972\n[7] Zvara I. Radiochim. Acta 38\, 9
5-101 (1985)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/98/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/98/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Selected trace elements in pottery of Guarani ethnic group
DTSTART:20100423T041500Z
DTEND:20100423T043000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-99@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Kump (Institut J. Stefan. Ljubljana)\, Zulma V
illanueva de Díaz (Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica)\, Virginia Ro
mero de Gonzalez (Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica)\, Juan F. Facet
ti-Masulli (Hydroconsult)\n\nArtifacts of pottery belonging to the Guarani
ethnic group were investigated by XRF techniques. The Tupi-Guarani\, is o
ne of the three main ethnics groups representative of the Neolithic cultur
e in the amazonian scope. Such an ethnic group dispersed towards the South
\; in the Paraguayan area between Paraguay and Parana Rivers several Guara
ni ethnic movements by both rivers and their tributaries are perceived. Th
e lithologics and ceramics typology have contributed to support that perce
ption. The archaeological findings help to clarify prehistoric cultural as
pects and dispersal areas.\nIn that context\, the knowledge of the chemica
l composition of the found ceramic devices\, in particular of the REE and
other refractory ones provide to information on this dispersion and its ex
pansion.\nSelected trace elements analysed in samples from eleven devices
were Rb\, Ba\, Nb\, La\, Ce\, Sr\, Nd\, Sm\, Zr and Y using an Am source.
Their spidergrams have allowed to identify four different sets of specimen
s according their areas of provenance.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/even
t/1/contributions/99/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/99/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The accumulation of transuranic elements of the Chernobyl emission
by meadow vegetation of the zone Chernobyl NPP
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-102@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladimir Kudrjashov (NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF
BELARUS State scientific institution "Institute of Radiobiology")\, Mikal
ai Puzan (NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF BELARUS State scientific institu
tion "Institute of Radiobiology")\n\nThe Chernobyl accident was accompanie
d by release into the atmosphere of a large number of radionuclides with l
ong half-life. As a result of exposure to biological objects most dangerou
s in the long term are included in the composition of the fuel particles t
ransuranic elements (TUE-239\, 240Pu\, 241Am)\, are a - emitters. Radionuc
lides with different half-life and environmental features included in the
terrestrial ecosystems in different ways and become widespread in the ecos
ystem. \nTo build realistic models of behavior of transuranic elements nec
essary to carry out a focused analysis of the features of the distribution
of long-lived isotopes of radioactive elements in various types of ecosys
tems. As a result of this work was to study the behavior of long-lived rad
ionuclides of the Chernobyl genesis in meadow phytocenosis. \nTo character
ize the level and species specificity of the accumulation of 239\,240 Pu a
nd 241Am vegetation calculated rates of accumulation\, are numerically equ
al to the ratio of specific activity of TUE in overground phytomass of pla
nts and their concentration in soil (Bq / kg).\nFluctuation of values of s
pecific activity phytomass of 239\,240Pu was observed in range from 0\,11
to 0\,77 Bq / kg and 241Am - from 1\,20 to 21\,0 Bq / kg. Income TUE in pl
ants depends on soil conditions\, time of selection and climatic condition
s. The experiments were conducted for several years\, these have a very la
rge scatter\, but a number of peculiarities. \nAs a result\, studies were
identified vegetation types that are most active in the most actively abso
rb TUE. So\, for 239\,240Pu established a number - Oenothera biennis L.> H
elichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench> Vicia cracca L.\; for 241Am - Koeleria g
racilis Pers.> Oenothera biennis L.> Elytrigia repens L. > Lysimachia vulg
aris L. > Cytisus ruthenicus Fisch. \nBiological characteristics and life
cycle of plants will undoubtedly affect the value of radionuclide accumula
tion\, but the spread of values of accumulation factor on one site within
the same family has definite boundaries\, characteristic of the family. \n
We found that the contribution of 241Am contamination of vegetation is pre
dominant among TUE\, which indicates its greater biological mobility than
isotopes of plutonium. \nThis should be taken into account when deciding w
hether the use of forage resources in polluted in varying degrees\, region
s. The significant growth of 241Am activity requires consideration of this
effect when calculating the dose for the public.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.c
vut.cz/event/1/contributions/102/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/102/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation and chemical durability of actinide crystalline matrices
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-103@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Yudintsev (Laboratory of Radiogeology\, Insti
tute of Ore Deposit Geology Petrography\, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of R
ussian Academy of Sciences\, Staromonetny Pereulok\, 35\, Moscow\, 119017\
, Russia)\, Andrey Lizin (Radioсhemical Association\, Joint Stock Company
“State Scientific Center Research Institute of Atomic Reactors (JSC “
SSC RIAR)\, Dimitrovgrad-10\, Ulyanovsk region\, 433510\, Russia)\n\nIn or
der to isolate long-lived radionuclides from the environment it is necessa
ry to immobilize them into highly stable forms (matrices). Crystalline mat
erials of the mineral-like type are considered to be the most promising fo
rm of the matrix incorporating high-level waste (HLW). Alpha particles and
heavy recoil nuclei lead to the damage of actinide-containing crystalline
phase structures of up to their complete amorphization that can effect is
olation properties of the HLW matrices. \nThe objective of the present wor
k was to synthesize and investigate radiation and chemical durability of c
rystalline matrices based on titanate and titanate – zirconate pyrochl
ore\, ferritic garnet and murataite. The materials obtained contained shor
t-lived alpha- emitting isotopes of plutonium-238 (T1/2= 87\,7 years) and
curium-244 (T1/2= 18\,2 years).\nSynthesis was performed by cold pressing
with subsequent sintering of the low calcined oxide mixture. The initial c
harge was saturated with high-activity curium-244 or plutonium-238 nitrite
solutions. Therefore\, compositions based on titanate (Ca0\,89Gd0\,1)(U0\
,44Hf0\,23Pu0\,22Gd0\,11)Ti2O7 (mass fraction of 238-Pu is 8\,7%)\, titana
te zirconate Gd1\,935Cm0\,065TiZrO7 (mass fraction of 244-Cm is 2\,1 %) p
yroclores\, ferritic garnet Ca1\,5Gd0\,908Cm0\,092Th0\,5ZrFe4O12(mass frac
tion of 244-Cm is 2\,0%) and murataite Ca2\,5Mn2Th0\,41Cm0\,12Ti7\,5Zr0\,5
AlFeO24\,5 (mass fraction of 244-Cm is 1\,82%). Optimum annealing temperat
ures for each composition varied from 1300 to 1400 С and were established
in the preliminary experiments with samples which did not contain highly
active actinides. The phase composition of the ceramics was made up by the
basic target phases in the presence of minor phases.\nThe change of the c
eramic crystalline structure during irradiation was studied using the X-ra
y diffraction. The X-ray diffraction patterns vary with time. At the initi
al stages the diffraction reflexes change their angular positions that can
be referred to the crystalline lattice swelling. Further dose accumulatio
n leads to widening of diffraction reflexes in the large angles. Then the
intensity of diffraction peaks sharply weakens (beginning of amorphization
) and subsequently all the reflexes disappear (complete X-ray amorphizatio
n). \nAmorphization doses of the matrix phases were as follows: 2\,5x10 18
for titanate pyrochlore\, 4\,6x10 18 for titanate-zirconate pyrochlore\,
1\,6x10 18 for ferritic garnet\, 2\,6x10 18 for sintered murataite and 2
\,46-2\,53x10 18 alpha-decay/g for melted murataite. The doses were obtai
ned during storage of materials in argon at room temperature (293 К).\nCh
emical durability of crystalline and metamict samples was studied using th
e MCC-1 test (distilled water\, 90 С\, solution sampling for analysis on
the 3rd\, 7th and 14th day). Quantitative analysis of cations in solutions
was made using the emission-spectral analysis and alpha-spectrometry. The
calculated values of the leaching rates for the basic and potentially dan
gerous components (actinides) for all studied ceramics are within 10-6 to
10-7 g/cm2xday. The change of the element leaching rate in the metamict ce
ramics is different for different types of matrices.\n\nhttps://indico.fjf
i.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/103/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/103/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Immobilisation of cesium and divalent metals into single-phase stu
ffed tridymite-based ceramics
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-104@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Rovny (FSUE Mayak PA\, Ozyorsk\, Russia)\, Vi
ctoriya Kurazhkovskaya (Moscow State University\, Russia)\, Elena Asabina
(Lobachevsky State University of Nighni Novgorod\, Russia)\, Ivan Korchemk
in (Lobachevsky State University of Nighni Novgorod\, Russia)\, Vladimir P
et'kov (Lobachevsky State University of Nighni Novgorod\, Russia)\, Andrey
Zaripov (FSUE Mayak PA\, Ozyorsk\, Russia)\n\nThe mixed phosphates with h
igh caesium concentration of the compositions CsMePO4 (Me − divalent met
al with a tetrahedral coordination) adopting a stuffed β-SiO2 tridymite s
tructure are studied as perspective materials for a 137Cs γ-radiation sou
rces to be used in medic applications. For the purpose of 137Cs source pro
duction from commercial radiocaesium liquid wastes (nitrate caesium soluti
ons containing Me impurities) it is necessary to know the possibilities of
single-phase composition formation in the systems CsMe'1-xMexPO4 with dif
ferent Me cations.\nIn this work we have studied phase formation regularit
ies and thermal behavior of mixed complex phosphates of the CsMg1-xMexPO4
(Me = Mn\, Co\, Ni\, Zn\, Cu) systems. The samples were synthesized by pre
cipitation method. The aqueous solution of phosphoric acid taken in accor
dance with the stoichiometry sample was added to stoichiometric mixture of
caesium and metal (Me) nitrate or chloride solutions. The reaction mixtur
e was dried at 353 K and thermally treated at 873 and 973 K. All the therm
al treatment stages were alternated with careful grinding. The obtained sa
mples were crystalline powders.\nX-ray powder diffraction measurements ind
icated that continuous (Me = Mn\, Co\, Ni\, Zn\; 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) or limit
ed (Me = Cu\; 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) solid solutions of the tridymite structural
type were obtained. The results of scanning electron microscopy and elect
ron microprobe analysis monitored the homogeneity of the samples and confo
rmity of their compositions to the theoretical values.\nThe phase formatio
n regularities and the dependences of the unit cell parameters of solid so
lutions CsMg1-xMexPO4 on their compositions x were studied. Three polymorp
hic forms with similar type of a framework are possible for tridymite stru
cture type phosphates: monoclinic (sp. gr. P21/a) and two orthorhombic (sp
. gr. Pn21a and Pnma). For many phosphates with temperature increase the p
hase transitions P21/a → Pn21a → Pnma are observed.\nDue to the differ
ential scanning calorimetry results\, the phosphates CsMePO4 with Me = Co
and Zn had two polymorphic transitions in the temperature interval from 42
3 to 583 K. The phosphate CsMgPO4 underwent phase transition at 236 K. The
second harmonic generation results showed phosphate crystallization in ce
ntrosymmetric (P21/a or Pnma) or non-centrosymmetric (Pn21a) space groups.
The transition from Pnma to Pn21a space group was accompanied by absorpti
on band disappearance of valency symmetric vibrations in IR-spectra of pho
sphates. \nA leaching rate of approximately 10−5 g•cm−2•d−1 for
Cs was determined from Soxhlet leaching of the CsMgPO4.\nThus\, the possib
ility of simultaneous incorporation of caesium and different metals with o
xidation degree +2 (which present in commercial radiocaesium liquid wastes
) is shown in the tridymite structure with formation of wide or continuous
solid solutions. Such tridymite-like phosphates may be a perspective cand
idate both for radiocaesium immobilisation and caesium isotopic source pro
duction instead of soluble CsCl used nowadays. \nThis work was supported
by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Projects nos. 08-03-00082\,
09-03-90731).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/104/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/104/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Americium alloys with gold and copper
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-105@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State Scientific Center -
Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nOver many years JSC “SSC RIA
R” has been performing activities on the production and investigation of
metals of transplutonium elements (TPE)\, their alloys and compounds.\nTh
is paper presents the results of production and X-ray examination of micro
-samples of americium-241 compounds with gold and copper\, i.e. identifica
tion of crystal structures of the compounds obtained and calculation of cr
ystal lattice parameters\, study of the effect of alpha-decay on the inter
metallide crystal structures.\nSamples of Am-Au and Am-Cu systems were pre
pared by high temperature condensation of metal americium vapor onto appro
priate substrates. The X-ray examination results of the compounds produced
are shown in the table below.\n\nTable. Crystal lattice parameters of pha
ses detected during investigation of Am-Au and Am-Cu systems\nSystem Ph
ase Syngony\n(space group) Lattice parameters\n a\, Å
b\, Å c\, Å V\, Å3\nAm-Au Au6Am Tetragonal (P42/ncm) 10
.3894(7) - 9.7036(7) 1047.4(2)\n AuAm Orthorhombic (Pnma)
7.402(2) 4.564(1) 5.826(1) 196.8(1)\n AuAm Cubic (Fm3m)
4.784(2) - - -\nAm-Cu Cu5Am Hexagonal (P6/mmm) 4.958(1
) - 4.175(2) 88.88(5)\nNote. V – is volume of a crystal lattice
elementary cell. Definition errors of the last character are given in bra
ckets after the lattice parameter values. \n\nThe investigated systems did
not show mutual solubility of their components at room temperature.\nIn t
he Am-Au system three intermetallic compounds were found: Au6Am (of Au6Sm
structural type)\, AuAm (of CuCe structural type) and intermetallide Au
Am (of CsCl structural type).\nIn the Am-Cu system intermetallide Cu5Am (C
u7Am) (of Cu5Ca structural type) was detected. The effect of alpha-activit
y of nuclide 241Am on crystal structure of the obtained intermetallide (Fi
g.) was investigated.\n \nFig. Change in the elementary cell volume of in
termetallide Cu5Am as a function of self-irradiation time.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/105/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/105/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Production of artificial metal ruthenium from irradiated technetiu
m
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-106@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladimir Peretrukhin (Institute of Physical Chemistr
y and Electrochemistry of RAS\, Moscow)\, Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State
Scientific Center - Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nLong-lived
nuclide 99Tc is accumulated as a fission product in 1-3 kg/t quantities i
n fuel of nuclear power plants. Transmutation of technetium by the action
of neutrons is the most cardinal method for its neutralization and disposa
l\; this leads to the production of artificial stable 100Ru\, 101Ru. Seve
ral technetium targets have been irradiated at SSC RIAR. Metal technetium
in the form of disks was irradiated in the neutron trap of the SM reactor.
Specimens resulting from the irradiation were found to represent Tc-Ru al
loys. Prior to our work no description of the production of artificial met
al ruthenium from irradiated technetium was available elsewhere. \nThis pa
per presents two different procedures for the production of artificial met
al ruthenium from irradiated technetium targets. In one of this procedures
the targets were dissolved in KOH solutions at the presence of KIO4 follo
wed by precipitation of Ru(IV) hydroxide with ethanol. To purify the prod
uced ruthenium from technetium traces\, it was distilled as RuO4 into the
ethanol aqueous solution where it was reduced and precipitated as Ru(IV) h
ydroxide. To produce metal ruthenium\, Ru(IV) hydroxide precipitate was ca
lcinated up to RuO2 and then reduced to metal in hydrogen flow.\nAccording
to the other procedure for separation of stable ruthenium from the irradi
ated technetium target use was made of a catalytic oxidation with ozone. F
irstly\, a Tc-Ru alloy specimen was placed into HNO3 or HClO4 solution con
taining Ag(I) ( or Co(II) ) ions. Then the ozone-oxygen mixture was bubble
d through the solution. Formed by action of ozone Ag(I) ( or Co(II) ) ion
s oxidized the alloy (Tc and Ru) components transferring them to the solut
ion. Then RuO4 and some part of HTcO4 were distilled to NaОН solution wh
ere RuO4 was reduced to sodium ruthenate. At the next process stage the R
u(IV) hydroxide was precipitated from the solution by the action of ethano
l acting as a selective reducer of Ru(IV). The precipitate was placed into
water and the ozone-oxygen mixture was bubbled through the hydroxide susp
ension formed in water. The Ru(IV) hydroxide was reduced to RuO4 with ozon
e\, which was distilled to ethanol aqueous solution by the bubbled gas fl
ow. The produced Ru(IV) hydroxide was transformed to RuO2 \, which was red
uced to metal in the helium-oxygen mixture.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
/event/1/contributions/106/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/106/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New amino acid synthons for preparation of [18F]FDOPA a
nd &alpha\;-[11C]methyl amino acids for positron emission tomog
raphy
DTSTART:20100422T080000Z
DTEND:20100422T083000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-107@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vratislav Langer (Department of Chemical and Biologi
cal Engineering\, Division of Materials and Surface Chemistry\, Subdivisio
n of Inorganic Environmental Chemistry\, Chalmers University of Technology
)\, Antonín Lyčka (Research Institute for Organic Syntheses)\, Jiří Č
ermák (Research Institute for Organic Syntheses)\, Michal Holčapek (Depa
rtment of Analytical Chemistry\, Faculty of Chemical Technology\, Universi
ty of Pardubice)\, Robert Jirásko (Department of Analytical Chemistry\, F
aculty of Chemical Technology\, University of Pardubice)\, Tomáš Weidlic
h (Institute of Environmental and Chemical Engineering\, Faculty of Chemic
al Technology \, University of Pardubice)\, Jiří Hanusek (nstitute of Or
ganic Chemistry and Technology\, Faculty of Chemical Technology\, Universi
ty of Pardubice)\, Milan Nádvorník (Department of General and Inorganic
Chemistry\, Faculty of Chemical Technology \, University of Pardubice)\, A
lexander Popkov (Department of Information Systems\, Faculty of Health and
Social Studies\, University of South Bohemia)\n\nPET diagnostics using ra
diolabelled amino acids is an emerging branch of nuclear medicine. This in
cludes visualisation and grading of brain\, neuroendocrine and prostata tu
mours\, measurement of protein synthesis rate in tumour cells\, quantitati
ve in vivo measurement of dopamine and serotonin metabolism in brain. Deve
lopment of clinical applications is limited by complexicity of robotic dev
ices necessary for multi-step preparation of the enantiomerically pure ami
no acids. Robust and reliable approaches not requiring sophisticated sepa
ration of radiolabelled intermediates have to be created for everyday clin
ical routine. Nickel(II) complexes of Schiff bases of (S)-N-(2-benzoylphen
yl)-1-benzylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide (BPB) and α-amino acids were develo
ped as artificial analogues of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzy
mes for asymmetric synthesis of amino acids. Current approach using BPB in
nickel(II) complex of its Schiff base with glycine allows easy preparatio
n of O-(2'-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ([18F]FET) with 94-97% e. e. with
no need for separation of diastereomers of alkylated complexes. Preparati
on of 6-[18F]FDOPA using the same starting nickel complex gives only 77±5
% e. e. without separation of diastereomers of alkylated complexes while t
he same preparation of α-[11C]DOPA leads to 92-99% e. e. Preparation of
α-methyl DOPA or α-methyltyrosine labelled with carbon-11 or fluorine-18
requires formation of quaternary chiral centre\, stereochemistry of which
is controlled kinetically. Kinetic control is much less efficient then th
ermodynamic one\, thus diastereomeric excess of complexes of α-methyl ami
no acids is inferior. Enhancement of stereodivergent power in both thermod
ynamically and kinetically controlled alkylation reaction is the biggest p
riority in development of new metallocomplex tools for the preparation of
PET amino acids. \nIn this presentation the evaluation of new amino acids
synthons bearing C2-symmetric benzyl groups with electron-donating and el
ectron-withdrawing substituents will be described. Compatibility of amino
acid side chains protective groups will be assessed in relation to the rea
ction conditions used for preparation of the complexes.\n\nhttps://indico.
fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/107/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/107/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of induced &alpha\;-radiolysis on the U(IV)/U(VI) ratio
in uranium ores
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-109@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Karin Popa ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty of Che
mistry)\, Doina Humelnicu ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty of Chemistry)
\, Alexandru Cecal ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty of Chemistry)\n\nThe
variation of the concentration of U(IV) and U(VI) species from uranium or
es due to the alpha-radiolysis induced by an Am-241 source in several depo
sit conditions is studied. The X-rays patterns show some differences for t
he studied ores before and after external alpha-radiolysis. The concentrat
ions of U(IV) and U(VI) species was determined spectrophotometrically.\n\n
https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/109/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/109/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Heteronuclear hydrolysis complex of thorium(IV) and iron(III)
DTSTART:20100422T040000Z
DTEND:20100422T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-220@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ingmar Persson (Department of Chemistry\, Swedish Un
iversity of Agricultural Sciences\, P.O.Box 7015\, SE-756 51 Uppsala\, Swe
den)\, Daniel Lundberg (Department of Chemistry\, Swedish University of Ag
ricultural Sciences\, P.O.Box 7015\, SE-756 51 Uppsala\, Sweden)\, Lars Er
iksson (Department of Physical\, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry\, Stoc
kholm University\, SE-106 90 Stockholm\, Sweden)\, Dmitri Davydov (Joint I
nstitute for Power and Nuclear Research – Sosny\, Belorussian Academy of
Sciences\, 220109 Мinsk\, Belarus)\, Natallia Torapava (Department of Ch
emistry\, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences\, P.O.Box 7015\, SE-
756 51 Uppsala\, Sweden)\, Artsiom Radkevich (\, Joint Institute for Power
and Nuclear Research – Sosny\, Belorussian Academy of Sciences\, 220109
Мinsk\, Belarus)\n\nThe solubility of the Th(IV)/Fe(III) system has been
studied as function of pH in the range 2.00-3.50. In the individual syste
ms of thorium(IV) and iron(III) precipitation takes place due to formation
of hydrolysis products. However\, in the mixed Th(IV)/Fe(III) system prec
ipitation of ferrihydrite takes place at low pH value\, pH = 2.00\, wherea
s at higher pH no precipitation was observed after 20 months. The mixed he
teronuclear complex of composition [Th2Fe2(μ2-OH)8(H2O)12]10+ was formed
in solution\, with Th--Th\, Th--Fe and Fe--Fe distances of 3.95 and 3.949
\; 3.42 and 3.4\; 3.05 and 2.921 Å as determined by EXAFS and LAXS\, resp
ectively. Two and four line ferrihydrite was formed in solutions at low pH
values\, 2.00-2.30\, as identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM analys
is of these precipitates showed that some of them contained only iron\, wh
ereas the others contained both iron and thorium. Mixed Th/Fe system showe
d increased solubility what may affect the design of tanks for spent nucle
ar waste.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/220/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/220/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparative kinetic studies on the corrosion process using two met
hods based on the &beta\;-rays retention and atomic absorption spectroscop
y
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-110@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Karin Popa ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty of Che
mistry)\, Liliana Airinei (Chemical College\, Piatra Neamt\, Romania)\, Fl
orica Ionica ("Petru Rares" College\, Piatra Neamt\, Romania)\, Alexandru
Cecal ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty of Chemistry)\n\nThe paper deals
with the corrosion kinetics of some steels using two different methods of
investigation. The first one is a radiochemical method based on the retent
ion of β-rays emitted by a 204Tl source\, by the iron ions transferred in
to the solution by anodic dissolution of metal samples. The second one is
based on the atomic absorption spectroscopy\, follows the increase in time
of the concentration of the same iron ions in the given aggressive medium
. Nitric acid of different concentrations was used as corrosive medium. Th
e obtained experimental data result in two different rate constants that c
an quantitatively characterize the corrosion process for each given reacta
nt system by the proposed methods. The values obtained by these two method
s of investigation are generally in keeping\, however more precise will be
those obtained through atomic absorption spectroscopy due to its higher p
recision in the determination of the concentration of the iron ions transf
erred into the corrosive solutions. However\, the proposed radiochemical m
ethod seems easier and faster.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/cont
ributions/110/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/110/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Speciation of curium(III) and europium(III) in human urine samples
DTSTART:20100422T090000Z
DTEND:20100422T091500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-111@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\
, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Astrid Barkleit (Forschungszentrum Dresde
n-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Anne Heller (Forschungszentr
um Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\n\nDue to their radia
tion and heavy metal properties\, radionuclides represent a serious health
risk to humans in case of incorporation. To understand their toxicity\, t
ransport\, deposition and elimination in the human organism\, it is theref
ore crucial to elucidate their chemical behavior and properties on a molec
ular level. For trivalent actinides originating from nuclear power plants
knowledge about their metabolism is very limited. In case of incorporation
\, they tend to accumulate in liver and skeleton and are excreted to maxim
um 10 – 20 % within the first week. Nevertheless this excretion occurs m
ainly through the kidneys\, which are known to be particularly radiation s
ensitive. \nTo address the lack of knowledge\, we studied the speciation o
f curium (as a representative of trivalent actinides) and europium (as the
lanthanide analogue) in human urine and their complexation with single co
nstituents. Since both of these heavy metals exhibit unique fluorescence p
roperties\, time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS)
is an adequate tool for this purpose. \nFresh 24-hours-urine samples were
collected from healthy volunteers and analyzed within few days. The inorga
nic composition of all samples was determined using mass spectrometry with
inductive coupled plasma (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography (IC). Then all s
amples were spiked in vitro with curium or europium and single as well as
time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectra were measured. We analyze
d at least 10 different urine samples and were able to divide all samples
into two different groups according to their fluorescence spectra. \nWe fo
und that all samples with a pH below 5.6 and all samples with a pH above 6
.0 each exhibit strikingly similar spectra. Compared to each other the spe
ctra of both groups are very different and therefore easy to distinguish.
Furthermore the lifetime of the metals in samples with higher pH is substa
ntially longer than in samples with lower pH. ICP-MS and IC analysis revea
led that the inorganic composition of samples which exhibit the same fluor
escence spectra can vary broadly within magnitudes. Therefore the most imp
ortant factor influencing the speciation of metals in human urine does not
seem to be the composition but was determined to be the pH.\nTo identify
the dominating species we also recorded the fluorescence spectra of both m
etals in electrolyte solution containing all inorganic but no organic comp
onents of urine. Furthermore we studied the complexation of both metals wi
th urea and citric acid as main organic urine constituents. Comparing the
measured spectra and lifetimes with this reference data\, we found that at
lower pH a complex citric acid species dominates the speciation of both m
etals while at higher pH the spectra where identical to those in electroly
te solution ruling out any involvement of organic ligands. The exact natur
e of this inorganic metal species has yet to be clarified.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/111/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/111/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Methods and results of the main negative factors of KOSHKAR-ATA ta
iling pond with impacts on environment
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-112@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viktor Glushenko (Institute of Nuclear Physics)\, se
rgei Lukashenko (National Nuclear Center)\, Sharbat Makenbaeva (L.N. Gumil
yov Eurasian National University)\, Viktor Morenko (Institute of Nuclear P
hysics)\, Kairat Kuterbekov (L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University)\,
Aliya Nurmukhanbetova (Institute of Nuclear Physics)\n\nEcological situat
ion of Mangystau oblast (Kazakhstan) started aggravating in 1990s with exp
loration of uranium ore\, oils\, mineral raw and creation chemical industr
y in Mangyshlak without paying due attention to environmental issue. Accor
ding to available data the worsening is connected to number of ecologicall
y unfavorable problems. \nThe tailing pond KOSHKAR-ATA\, representing the
drain-free settling pool for industrial\, toxic\, chemical and radioactive
wastes\, as well as for ordinary domestic drains\, is 5 km northward to A
ktau (Mangystau oblast)\, which is situated on the shore of the Caspian se
a. Industrial\, toxic and radioactive waste\, solid sediments of unpurifie
d ordinary domestic drains form a part of the Aktau dwelling region have b
een drained into the tailing pond since 1965 and have been stored there up
to now. \nThus\, continuous and long-term contamination of the lands arou
nd the tailing pond KOSHKAR-ATA and their vegetation unambiguously forces
to consider regional ecological situation as critical. That is why it is v
ery important to take immediate measures in order to reduce sequences\, el
iminate the reasons and sources of contamination and restore natural chara
cteristics of environmental.\nField investigations are performed in the sc
ope that assures detailed radiometric surveying of the shore zone of the t
ailing pool KOSHKAR-ATA and its coast. \nThe field investigations included
: there was performed mapping of current outline of the coast-line/water e
dge of the toxic waste storage\; there was performed footpath gamma-survey
ing of the shore exposed surface (EDR was measured in 150 points) and ther
e was mapped the gamma-field distribution\; there was assessed the volume
activity for radon over the shore exposed surface of the tailing pool.\; t
here were performed the detailed gamma-surveying in the vicinity of surfac
e burial of radioactive waste (RW)\; there were performed the monitoring m
easurements of aerosols at 10 stations\; there has been performed species
identification and taken samples of vegetation at the waste storage in pla
ces where soil fill had been previously performed\; that was done to estim
ate radionuclide accumulation rate by vegetation and their further wind tr
ansfer.\nAnalysis showed that there is increased content of such radionucl
ides as thorium-234\, radium-226\, led-214\, bismuth-214\, led-210\, urani
um-235\, thorium-227 in bottom sediment samples.\nThere were studied prese
nce forms for isotopes of thorium\, radium\, 210Pb\, 238U. Led-210 is cons
idered as one of the most biologically hazardous natural radionuclides\, e
ven more radio-toxic as 90Sr. Considerable part of 210Pb (up to 53%) is as
sociated with acid-soluble form what demonstrated its high migration abili
ties. Mobility series for 210Pb (in %) looks like: acid-soluble forms (40.
2%) > exchange forms (11.7%) > water soluble forms (0.4%). \nAnalysis of o
btained results shows that there is higher contents of led-210 in samples
taken within the sectors\; this is particularly so for the sector “Caspi
i.”\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/112/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/112/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Evaluation of dihexyloctanamide as extractant under plutonium rich
feed conditions
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-113@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: V.K. Manchanda (BARC\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, A.S. Kaneka
r (BARC\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, D.R. Prabhu (BARC\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, P.N. PAT
HAK (BARC\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\n\nTributyl phosphate (TBP) has been the work
horse of Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Technologists for more than five decade
s. However\, based on five decades of experience on spent fuel reprocessin
g\, certain problems have also been identified with the use of TBP as extr
actant. Prominent amongst them are: (a) high aqueous solubility\, (b) poor
radiation stability and interference of degradation products during strip
ping of Pu/U\, (c) poor decontamination factor (DF) values of Pu/U with re
spect to fission products\, (d) low limiting organic concentration (LOC) o
f Pu(IV)\, and (e) a large volume of secondary (phosphate) waste. In addit
ion\, as a consequence of the radiolytic degradation of TBP\, the extracti
on and stripping behavior of U/Pu\, and hydrodynamic properties such as vi
scosity\, density\, and phase disengagement time\, are adversely affected.
These problems are of particular concern to the separation scientists and
technologists during the reprocessing of short-cooled thermal reactor fue
ls as well as of fast reactor fuels. In this context\, completely incinera
ble N\,N-dialkyl amides have been evaluated extensively as alternative ext
ractants to TBP. Studies carried out at Radiochemistry Division\, BARC\, I
ndia\, on the development of new extractants for the reprocessing of spent
fuel suggested that a straight chain N\,N-dihexyloctanamide (DHOA) was pr
omising alternative to TBP for the reprocessing of irradiated uranium base
d fuels. \nThis paper deals with the evaluation of DHOA vis a vis TBP as a
n extractant for plutonium rich feed solutions encountered in fast reactor
spent fuel reprocessing. Solvent extraction studies were carried out to e
valuate the two extractants DHOA and TBP using pure 20 g/L Pu as well as s
imulated Pu rich feed solution containing 20 g/L Pu\, 7 g/L U\, fission pr
oducts (FPs) and structural materials (SMs) at 4 M HNO3. DPu values were h
igher for 1.1 M DHOA (26.4±1.2) for pure Pu as well as for simulated feed
solution as compared to those for 1.1 M TBP (16.6±2.2) under identical c
onditions. Under simulated feed conditions\, two successive stages were su
fficient for quantitative extraction (>99.9 %) of Pu(IV) employing 1.1 M D
HOA as extractant and maintaining organic-to-aqueous phase ratio (O/A) as
1. On the other hand\, three stages were required in the case of 1.1 M TBP
as extractant. Plutonium stripping experiments using 0.5 M HNO3 as stripp
ant (without any reductant) showed that only six stripping stages were suf
ficient for quantitative stripping of Pu from loaded DHOA phase. On the ot
her hand\, >10 stages were required for Pu stripping from loaded TBP phase
and it became further difficult with the aging of the organic phase. By c
ontrast\, no problem related to Pu retention was observed for aged DHOA so
lution. These studies also suggested that DHOA is a promising extractant
for coprocessing of U/Pu from spent fuels. In addition\, DHOA was found di
stinctly better than TBP with respect to FPs and SMs decontamination.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/113/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/113/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 237Np\, 93Zr and other long
-lived radionuclides in medium- and low-level radioactive waste samples
DTSTART:20100422T091500Z
DTEND:20100422T093000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-114@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eva Szeles ((MTA IKI) Hungarian Academy of Sciences\
, Institute of Isotopes)\, Zsuzsa Molnar (RadAnal Ltd.)\, Nora Vajda (RadA
nal Ltd.)\, Szabolcs Osvath (BME NTI (Budapest University of Technology an
d Economics\, Institute of Nuclear Techniques))\n\nThe majority of long-li
ved radionuclides produced in the nuclear fuel cycle can be regarded as
“difficult to determine nuclides” due to the low activities and/or the
absence of gamma-radiations of medium or high energies in the decay sc
hemes. Most isotopes of actinoides are alpha-emitters\, Sr-90 (fission pro
duct) and Zr-93 (activation product) emit almost exclusively beta-parti
cles\, Nb-93m (activation product) decays by isomer transition or electron
capture and emits only X-rays\, Nb-94 (activation product) emits low inte
nsity gamma-radiation due to its low activity. \nChemical separation is ne
eded before the nuclear measurement of all the isotopes mentioned above. \
n\nA combined radiochemical separation method had been developed that enab
les the simultaneous determination of Th-230\, Th-232\, U-234\, U-235\, U-
238\, Pu-239-240\, Pu-238\, Am-241\, Cm-242\, Cm-244\, Sr-89\, Sr-90\, Nb-
93m and Nb-94. \nRecently\, this method has been extended for determinatio
n of Np-237 and Zr-93. \nThe main steps of the method are addition of trac
ers and carriers\, sample destruction\, co-precipitation on iron(II) hydro
xide and calcium oxalate\, separation by extraction chromatography using s
upported dipentyl-pentylphosphonate (UTEVA)\, supported N\,N-octylphenyl-d
i-i-butylcarbamoylmethyl phosphine oxide (TRU) and supported bis-(t-butylc
yclohexano)-crown(18\,6)ether (Sr.Resin)\, separation on anion exchange re
sin\, alpha- and beta-source preparation\, alpha spectrometry\, liqu
id scintillation counting (LSC)\, gamma spectrometry\, measurement by indu
ctively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). \n\nNp-237 and Zr-93 ar
e pre-concentrated by co-precipitation on iron(II) hydroxide and zirconium
oxide\, and separated by extraction chromatography using UTEVA. \nThe key
parameter of the method is the adjustment of the oxidation state of the a
ctinoides before adding the sample onto the UTEVA column. \nThis can be do
ne using many redoxi agents (for example potassium bromate\, sodium nitrit
e or ammonium peroxo disulfate). \nHighest yields were achieved when ammon
ium peroxo disulfate was used with silver nitrate as catalyst. \nAs even t
races of isotopes with mass number near 237 or 93 cause considerable inter
ferences during ICP-MS detection\, a purification step by extraction chrom
atography was inserted. \nIt was determined by model experiments\, that ev
en a small amount of fluoride anions inhibits the retention of Zr on UTEVA
\, but this problem can be eliminated by addition of boric acid. \n\nAnaly
zing real samples (evaporation concentrates of a nuclear power plant) 66-9
7% and 31-66% chemical yields were achieved for Np and Zr\, respectively.\
n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/114/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/114/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Transport of 125I-\, 137Cs+<
/sup> and 85Sr2+ in granitoidic rocks and soil
DTSTART:20100422T061500Z
DTEND:20100422T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-115@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Karel Štamberg (Czech Technical University)\, Štef
an Palágyi (Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc)\n\nTransport of 125I-\,
137Cs+ and 85Sr2+ radionuclides in crushed granitoidic rocks and homogeni
zed soil was studied. Two simple methods for calculation of transport para
meters of these radionuclides in flow column experiments with groundwater
(GW) as transport medium have been described. The first method is based on
the assumption of a reversible linear sorption of reactive solutes (radio
nuclides) on solid phase (with constant distribution\, Kd\, and retardatio
n\, Rexp\, coefficients)\, whereas the second one is based on the assumpti
on of a reversible non-linear sorption (characterized with non-linear sorp
tion isotherm\, i.e. with non-constant Kd and Rexp). Both methods use the
experimental breakthrough curves (BTCs)\, which are constructed using the
measured activities at the outlet from the column. The BTCs are fitted wit
h the integrated form of the simple 1-D advection-dispersion equation (ADE
) expressed analytically for pulse application of radiotracer to the liqui
d phase (GW) before entering into columns. In case of the first method\, t
he integrated form of ADE is modified by two correction coefficients\, nam
ely\, the peak position and peak height coefficients by means of which the
very good agreement between experimental and calculated data is usually o
btained. The second method is more sophisticated because not only the calc
ulation of the values of retardation coefficients changing during transpor
t is needed\, but also the Freundlich equation parameters of non-linear is
otherm have to be sought. Both methods were tested in the evaluation of th
e transport parameters of a given radionuclides in beds of diorite\, gabbr
o\, granite and tonalite granitoides and clayey loamy sandy soils. The res
ults of two different approaches have been compared.\n\nhttps://indico.fjf
i.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/115/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/115/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of cation exchange capacity of fucoidic sands for Cs
+ and 2+ under dynamic column conditions
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-116@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hana Vodičková (Nuclear Research Institute Řež p
lc)\, Pavel Franta (Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc)\, Štefan Palág
yi (Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc)\n\nIn the framework of the devel
opment of remediation scenario of underground areas affected by chemical m
ining of uranium in the locality of Stráž pod Ralskem a complex geochemi
cal and transport model is generated\, which comprises interaction of rock
s and groundwater affected by acid leaching. The chemical remediation proc
esses also require the knowledge of the properties of the affected rocks.
One of the important rock constituents are fucoidic sands\, which constitu
tes significant part of the cenoman aquifer. Therefore it is a great impor
tance to determine\, among others\, their cationic exchange capacity (CEC)
toward univalent and divalent cations. In this paper results on the study
of sorption and desorption behavior of Cs+ and Sr2+ on column of fucoidic
sands under dynamic flow conditions are presented and their CEC for these
two cations are determined. The determination of CEC is based on the cons
truction of respective breakthrough curves using 137Cs and 85Sr radionucli
des as isotopic indicators in laboratory experiments. The samples were tak
en from several parts of the bore hole in the area of interest. Undisturbe
d cores of 5 cm in diameter and 10 cm long were put in the glass columns a
nd the cores were perfectly tightened using acrylate resin. For the study
of sorption/desorption cycle the so-called background groundwater was appl
ied. The concentration of 10-6 mol/dm3 of Cs+ and Sr2+ in liquid phase ind
ividually was established using neutral salts of CsNO3 and Sr(NO3)2\, resp
. The groundwater was introduced at the bottom of the columns by a multi-h
ead peristaltic pump at about 4 cm3/h of a constant flow-rate. The results
show that the CEC capacity of the investigated fucoidic sands for 137Cs a
nd 85Sr is 0.1–1.5 μmol/100g and 0.05-0.5 μmol/100g\, respectively\, i
n dependence on the evaluation of corresponding breakthrough curves. Some
differences in the behavior of the cores during the experiments have also
been explained.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/116/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/116/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Selective Retention of U (VI) and U (VI) Chemical Species on Eichr
om Resins
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-118@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexandru Cecal ("Al.I. Cuza" University\, Faculty o
f Chemistry)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/118/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/118/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:236U in well water - a tool for uranium prospection?
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-119@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan John (Centre for Radiochemistry and Radiation Ch
emistry/ Dept. Of Nuclear Chemistry\, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Phys
ical Engineering\, Czech Technical University in Prague\, Břehová 7\, 11
519 Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Mojmír Němec (Centre for Radiochemistry a
nd Radiation Chemistry/ Dept. Of Nuclear Chemistry\, Faculty of Nuclear Sc
iences and Physical Engineering\, Czech Technical University in Prague\, B
řehová 7\, 11519 Prague\, Czech Republic)\, Gabriele Wallner (Department
of Inorganic Chemistry\, University of Vienna\, Währingerstr. 42\, A-109
0 Vienna\, Austria)\, Michaela Srncik (Department of Inorganic Chemistry\,
University of Vienna\, Währingerstr. 42\, A-1090 Vienna\, Austria)\, Pet
er Steier (VERA Laboratory\, Faculty of Physics – Isotope Research\, Uni
versity of Vienna\, Währingerstr. 17\, A-1090 Vienna\, Austria)\n\n236U (
half-life 23∙Myr) is produced in uranium ore via thermal neutron capture
on 235U. The neutrons originate mainly from (α\,n) reactions caused by
α-particles from the uranium decay series. The equilibrium ratio of 236U/
U in natural ore is proportional to the thermal neutron flux\, which is ex
pected to be proportional to the uranium concentration in first approximat
ion. Since this fingerprint of high grade ore should stay unaltered in wit
hering and dissolution\, it should still be detectable in well water which
was in subsurface contact with the ore\; thus\, such wells should be usef
ul as natural probes for uranium prospection. We expect this signature to
be more unambiguous than the uranium concentration in water\, recently inv
estigated e.g. in 1. However\, measurement capabilities for 236U were deve
loped recently only at very few AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry) facili
ties\, among these at VERA (Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator).\nW
e will discuss the feasibility of uranium prospection by using natural 236
U in well water\, and summarize existing measurements. Uranium ores show u
p to 236U/U=10-10\, but measurements of uranium from low-concentration roc
ks or deep well water are sparse or unavailable 2. The connection between
uranium concentration and the 236U/U ratio will be discussed\, since trace
isotopes (serving as (α\,n) targets and "neutron poisons") and water con
tent of the rock can alter the 236U production significantly.\nA known hig
hest grade ore deposit was located in Jáchymov\, Czech Republic. It is ma
inly depleted now\, but is a perfect test case to investigate whether high
grade ore is indicated by high 236U/U concentration in well water in the
vicinity. Thus\, the Jáchymov region could be a perfect test case to stud
y 236U in well water as a tool for uranium prospection.\n\nReferences:\n1.
Mehra P.\, Singh S.\, Singh K.: Radiation Measurements 42\, 441 (2007).\n
2. Steier P.\, Bichler M.\, Fifield L. K.\, Golser R.\, Kutschera W.\, Pri
ller A.\, Quinto F.\, Richter S.\, Srncik M.\, Terrasi P.\, Wacker L.\, Wa
llner A.\, Wallner G.\, Wilcken K. M.\, Wild E. M.: Nucl. Instr. and Meth.
B 266\, 2246 (2008).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions
/119/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/119/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Calibration and Environmental Monitoring Using PGIS-128 Gamma-ray
Spectrometer
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-121@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Josef Pavlík (NBC Defence Institute Vyškov\, Unive
rsity of Defence\, Czech Republic)\, Petr Sládek (NBC Defence Institute V
yškov\, University of Defence\, Czech Republic)\, Marcel Ohera (EnviMO Br
no Czech Republic)\n\nThe portable PGIS-128 gamma-ray spectrometer\, produ
ced by Pico Envirotec\, Inc.\, Canada\, was originally designed for the ge
ological purposes and the determination of K\, U and Th concentrations in
soil and rocks. The device is fully calibrated for K\, U and Th. However\,
its functions have been extended\, and now the gamma-ray spectrometer is
available with the dose rate function (in nGy/h) and the Cs-137 window (in
cps) measured in real time. Due to one-second sampling and real-time proc
essing\, now PGIS-128 can be used for fast and precise environmental monit
oring at relatively large environmental areas with on-line mapping on the
HHC display and/or the post-mapping. To calibrate the PGIS gamma-ray spect
rometer and to convert the count rates (cps) in the Cs-137 window to the s
urface activity of Cs-137 (in kBq/m2)\, the Beck’s method or the standar
d stripping method can be used. This contribution is focused on the Beck
’s method. Some results and the measurement conditions are also presente
d.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/121/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/121/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:(Radio)Chemistry in AMS – a Servant or a Partner?
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-122@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan John (CTU FNSPE\, centrum pro radiochemii a radi
ační chemii)\, Mojmír Němec (CTU FNSPE\, centrum pro radiochemii a rad
iační chemii)\n\nThe world demand for ultratrace analyses of radionuclid
es with long half-lives has been increasing not only in dating\, material\
, environmental\, geo-and cosmochemical studies\, but also recently in the
pharmaceutical and pharmacological applications. The most sensitive tool
for such analyses is the dynamically advancing method of Accelerator Mass
Spectrometry (AMS) which enables the determination of long-lived radionucl
ides in concentrations or amounts lower by up to 6 orders of magnitude tha
n by radiometric methods. \nAMS is a very powerful but technologically cha
llenging analytical method that is\, at present\, mainly a domain of physi
cists. The sample preparation is often carried out by physicists without w
ider background in chemistry and its procedures or\, in a better case\, by
chemists without practice in the work with radionuclides and/or sufficien
t knowledge of AMS needs and the collaboration between chemists and physic
ists in AMS\, similarly to some other ultratrace analytical methods seems
to be rather insufficient. However\, making full use of the sensitivity of
AMS is possible only if precise\, reproducible\, and well defined methods
for sample preparation are used. \nWe suggest that here is the place wher
e radiochemistry\, after more than 100 years of its development\, can help
with its powerful toolbox of micropreparations\, carrier and tracing meth
ods\, tracking of contamination sources\, numerous separation procedures o
ptimised for radiometric determinations and\, in some cases\, even with ch
emical suppression of isobars interferences. Full integration of radiochem
istry separation and preparation methods into AMS sample preparation could
create a synergy resulting in quality samples/methods well suited for hig
h precision AMS measurements at further decreased background and improved
sensitivity. \nThus\, our contribution is an appeal on a closer collaborat
ion between (radio)chemists and physicists in the field of Accelerator Mas
s Spectrometry\, thus contributing to a better use of its potentials.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/122/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/122/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:On the way to quantify human impact on climate - The contribution
from radiochemistry
DTSTART:20100420T030000Z
DTEND:20100420T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-123@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heinz Gaeggeler (Paul Scherrer Institut)\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/123/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/123/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Excitation functions of the 231Pa(p\,2n) and 231
sup>Pa(d\,3n) reactions - experiment as a feedback of model calculations
DTSTART:20100419T050000Z
DTEND:20100419T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-124@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: C. Apostolidis\, B. Zielinska\, F. Bruchertseifer\,
M. Sin\, R. Capote\, J. Štursa\, A. Morgenstern\, Ondřej Lebeda (Nuclear
Physics Institute\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/124/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/124/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Validation of ko standardization in neutron activation
analysis at Nuclear Physics Institute\, Rez
DTSTART:20100420T061000Z
DTEND:20100420T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-125@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marie Kubešová (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Czech
Academy of Sciences)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/
125/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/125/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Mercury in Bach Ho crude oil of Vietnam as determined by k0
sub>-based instrumental neutron activation analysis
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-126@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sy Thi Nguyen (Nuclear Research Institute)\, Trinh N
goc Le (Nuclear Research Institute)\, Vu Dong Cao (Nuclear Research Instit
ute)\, Dung Manh Ho (Nuclear Research Institute)\, Luong Hien Duong (Joint
Venture “Vietsovpetro”)\n\nThe k0-based instrumental neutron activati
on analysis (k0-INAA) using the Dalat research reactor of 500 kW nominal p
ower with a thermal neutron flux about 3.5 1012 cm-2.s-1 has been stud
ied and developed in order to determine Hg (total) in Bach Ho crude oil of
Vietnam. Both radionuclides 197Hg (2.7d half-life\, 77.3keV gamma-line) a
nd 203Hg (46.6d\, 279.2keV) were used with different irradiation and measu
rement modes in order to calculate the concentration of the element. An ev
aluation of the limit of detection\, precision and accuracy as well as con
venience in the use of the two radionuclides was performed. The correction
s of spectral interferences by 75Se (119.8d\, 279.5keV) on 203Hg and the d
econvolution of complex multiplets in region of 70-85 keV for 197Hg and th
e problem of Hg loss during irradiation were considered. The mean concentr
ation and range of concentrations of Hg in Bach Ho crude oil of Vietnam we
re obtained through the analysis of 90 samples and the statistical process
ing.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/126/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/126/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Speciation of 129I and 127I in seawater prof
iles from the Kattegat and Baltic Sea
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-127@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Goran Possnert (Tandem Laboratory\, Uppsala Universi
ty\, SE-751 20 Uppsala\, Sweden)\, Ala Aldahan (Department of Earth Scienc
e\, Uppsala University\, SE-758 36 Uppsala\, Sweden)\, Per Roos (Radiation
Research Department\, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy\,T
echnical University of Denmark- DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\, Xiaolin Hou
(Radiation Research Department\, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable
Energy\,Technical University of Denmark- DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\, Pe
ng Yi (Department of Earth Science\, Uppsala University\, SE-758 36 Uppsal
a\, Sweden)\, Violeta Hansen (Radiation Research Department\, Risø Nation
al Laboratory for Sustainable Energy\,Technical University of Denmark- DK-
4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\n\nLong physical half life\, long residence time
in the marine environment and continuous releases from nuclear fuel reproc
essing plants make 129I a suitable tracer for the study of marine geochemi
cal cycle of stable iodine and conversion mechanism of iodine species by s
peciation analysis of 129I and127I. Up to date there are few data on chem
ical speciation of 129I in seawater and no 129I chemical speciation analys
es in seawater profile was reported. The converting mechanism of iodine ch
emical species is still unclear. \nIn the present work\, depth profile sam
ples of seawater collected from the Kattegat Belt Sea and Baltic Sea are a
nalyzed for 129I\, 127I as iodide\, iodate by using anion exchange chromat
ography coupled with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)\, inductively cou
pled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) respectively. \nA relatively high c
oncentration of 129I (2-18 x 1010 atom/L) was found in the Kattegat compar
ing with that in the Baltic Sea (\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/c
ontributions/127/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/127/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Alpha radiometry of uranium by liquid scintillation counting after
pre-concentration by cloud point extraction
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-128@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ioannis Pashalidis (Radioanalytical and Environmenta
l Chemistry Group\, Department of Chemistry\, University of Cyprus)\, Elen
i Constantinou (Radioanalytical and Environmental Chemistry Group \, Depar
tment of Chemistry\, University of Cyprus)\n\nThe aim of this study is the
radiometric determination of uranium in waters by liquid scintillation co
unting (LSC) after pre-concentration of the element by cloud point extract
ion (CPE). For CPE\, tributyl phosphate (TBP) is used as the complexing ag
ent and (1\,1\,3\,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethylene glycol (Triton X-
114) as the surfactant. The measurement is performed after phase separatio
n by mixing of the surfactant phase with the liquid scintillation cocktail
. The effect of experimental conditions such as pH\, reactant ratio (e.g.
V(TBP)/V(Triton)\, ionic strength (e.g. [NaCl]) and the presence of other
chemical species (e.g. Ca2+ and Fe3+ ions as well as humic acid and silica
colloids) on CPE has been investigated. According to the experimental res
ults the total method efficiency is (13±2)% and the separation efficiency
(60±10)% for the optimum pH and reactant ratio (V(TBP)/V(Triton)=0.1). R
egarding the other parameters\, generally Ca2+ and Fe3+ ions as well as th
e presence of colloidal species in solution (even at low concentrations) r
esults in significant decrease of the separation efficiency. On the other
hand increasing [NaCl] leads to enhancement of separation efficiency.\nThe
detection limit under optimum experimental conditions has been found to b
e 0.5 Bq/l indicating that the method could be applied only to waters samp
les with increased uranium concentration. Moreover\, the negative effect o
f the chemical species found in natural waters limits the applicability of
the method with the respect to environmental radioactivity measurements.\
n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/128/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/128/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Online 14C analysis of ultra-small samples with acceler
ator mass spectrometry (AMS)
DTSTART:20100420T080000Z
DTEND:20100420T083000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-129@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hans-Arno Synal (ETH Zurich)\, Lukas Wacker (ETH Zur
ich)\, Nolwenn Perron (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Matthias Ruff (ETH Zurich
)\, Simon Fahrni (University of Bern)\, Soenke Szidat (University Of Bern)
\n\n14C measurements of samples containing 5-50 µg carbon allow dating of
archeological artifacts or environmental materials with only traces of or
ganic carbon. Furthermore\, fossil and non-fossil sources of carbonaceous
aerosols can be apportioned using such measurements (Szidat\, 2009). The w
idely-used preparation of solid targets for 14C measurements\, however\, o
ften remains the weak point of 14C analysis of ultra-small samples. Even u
nder optimized conditions\, reaction yields are small\, which results in l
arge isotopic fractionations or even in total loss of unique samples (Szid
at et al.\, 2004). These problems are solved with the implication of a gas
ion source (Ruff et al.\, 2007) at the next generation of small AMS machi
nes: the mini radiocarbon dating system MICADAS is a prototype AMS that ac
hieves the terminal voltage of 195 kV for 14C measurements with a vacuum-i
nsulated high voltage platform in contrast to previous systems based on co
nventional particle accelerators (Synal et al.\, 2007). The self-construct
ed ion source of MICADAS was modified in order to insert CO2 gases directl
y to the focal point of the sputtering caesium beam (Ruff et al.\, 2007).
A first gas handling system was constructed to supply the gas ion source c
onstantly with CO2 from the sealed ampoules.\n\nIn this work\, the concept
of gas ion sources with its gas handling system will be presented. Furthe
rmore\, such ion sources allow on-line coupled systems of separation or co
mbustion of organic compounds with AMS\, which also will be elucidated. On
e example is the coupling of an elemental analyzer (EA)\, which generates
a multifunctional system because it provides automated on-line combustion
and 14C measurement of any organic material. Therefore\, it can broadly be
employed in 14C analysis. Carbon dioxide produced in the elemental analyz
er is isolated from other combustion gases with a small external zeolite t
rap (Ruff et al.\, 2008). The purified CO2 is transferred from the externa
l trap to the syringe with a low helium flow. This coupling principle can
now be adapted to other combustion systems. Different approaches will be d
iscussed.\n\nM. Ruff\, L. Wacker\, H. W. Gäggeler\, M. Suter\, H.-A. Syna
l\, S. Szidat\, Radiocarbon 49\, 307 (2007).\nM. Ruff\, S. Fahrni\, H. W.
Gäggeler\, I. Hajdas\, M. Suter\, H.-A. Synal\, S. Szidat\, L. Wacker\, R
adiocarbon submitted (2008).\nH.-A. Synal\, M. Stocker\, M. Suter\, Nucl.
Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B 259\, 7 (2007).\nS. Szidat\, T. M. Jenk\, H. W
. Gäggeler\, H.-A. Synal\, I. Hajdas\, G. Bonani\, M. Saurer\, Nucl. Inst
r. Meth. Phys. Res. B 223-224\, 829 (2004).\nS. Szidat\, Chimia 63\, 157 (
2009).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/129/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/129/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Qualification of low and intermediate level radioactive wastes (L/
ILW) within the framework of the “Demo” project by a Triathler type po
rtable liquid scintillation spectrometer in Püspökszilágy\, Hungary
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-132@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mihály Molnár (Institute of Nuclear Research of th
e HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Árpád Bihari (Institute of Nuclear Researc
h of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Gergő Vodila (Institute of Nuclear R
esearch of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Mihály Veres (Isotoptech Co. L
td.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Sándor Kapitány (Public Agency for Radioacti
ve Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Péter Ormai (Public Agency for Ra
dioactive Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, István Barnabás (Public A
gency for Radioactive Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Tamás Nagy (Is
otoptech Co. Ltd.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\n\nIn the Püspökszilágy Radioac
tive Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility\, Hungary being in operation si
nce 1976 many works began to solve the storage of the non-power plant radi
oactive waste of Hungary to fulfil the increasing safety demands. In the f
ramework of this procedure the exhumation of 66 pieces of reinforced concr
ete near-surface vaults with the size of 70-140 m3 each (called vault “A
”) was launched together with further renewal works. The exhumation of t
he A11\, A12\, A13 and A14 vaults were included in the “Demo” project\
, in the course of which the aim was to find the proper measurement and wa
ste-backfilling technique to adapt them in the case of the further vaults.
To identify the H-3\, C-14 and Sr-90 isotopes a Triathler type portable l
iquid scintillation spectrometer was used together with a rapid and well-r
eproducible swipe sampling method. At the evaluation of the 4000 samples t
aken the expected total activity value was obtained. The removal of certai
n waste packages was fulfilled to gain room to allow the disposal facility
to accept further waste in the future. The measurement technique is there
fore well-applicable in the case of the “A type” vaults.\n\nhttps://in
dico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/132/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/132/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:„Demo” program in Püspökszilágy\, Hungary: Qualification of
low and intermediate level radioactive wastes by a field &gamma\; spectro
scopy system
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-133@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: István Barnabás (Public Agency for Radioactive Was
te Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Mihály Molnár (Institute of Nuclear Re
search of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Árpád Bihari (Institute of Nuc
lear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Gergő Vodila (Institute
of Nuclear Research of the HAS\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Mihály Veres (Isot
optech Co. Ltd.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Sándor Kapitány (Public Agency f
or Radioactive Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Péter Ormai (Public A
gency for Radioactive Waste Management\, Paks\, Hungary)\, Tamás Nagy (Is
otoptech Co. Ltd.\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\n\nThe Radioactive Waste Treatment
and Disposal Facility\, Püspökszilágy\, Hungary is in operation since
1976. Low and intermediate level radioactive wastes originating from diffe
rent industrial\, medical\, educational and scientific areas are treated h
ere. At the beginning of its operation the facility had to fulfil only saf
ety requirements but not regulations pertaining to the form and the qualit
y of the wastes. The recent safety analyses aim to improve these temporary
solutions to ensure the further safe and proper operation of the facility
. A “Demo” project was launched to remove the wastes containing long l
ived and high activity isotopes and to gain excess capacity with more orga
nised backfilling\, in the framework of which the exhumation of 4 pieces o
f near-surface reinforced concrete vaults (called “A type”) was fulfil
led. In the vaults the wastes were in plastic packages. Most of them were
unhurt during hoisting\, thus the identification of the various isotopes w
as possible with the help of a field gamma spectrometry system. A Genie 20
00 Gamma Analysis Software was used together with a Big Mac type CANBERRA
gamma spectrometry system with a high purity germanium detector. On the ba
sis of the original records most of the wastes containing different isotop
es were identified and the results of the measurements were similar to the
ones estimated from the records. After the backfilling it can be seen tha
t the purposes regarding the excess capacity of the vaults can also be ach
ieved. It can be stated that the measurement technique for the further sim
ilar vault exhumation procedures is proper and applicable.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/133/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/133/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Is extraction of Fe from iron based minerals an appropriate method
for determining trace elements?
DTSTART:20100420T053000Z
DTEND:20100420T055000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-134@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Trajce Stafilov (Institute of Chemistry\, SS. Cyril
and Methodius University\, P.O.Box 162\, Skopje Macedonia)\, Vekoslava Sti
bilj (Jozef Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Petre Makreski (Ins
titute of Chemistry\, SS. Cyril and Methodius University\, P.O.Box 162\, S
kopje Macedonia)\, Milena Taseska (Institute of Chemistry\, SS. Cyril and
Methodius University\, P.O.Box 162\, Skopje Macedonia)\, Radojko Jacimovic
(Jozef Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\n\nVarious trace elements
in different types of iron based geological reference materials [JSS 804-
1 (hematite)\, JSS 820-2 (limonite)\, SU-1 and SU-1a (iron-nickel-copper-c
obalt ores)] were investigated using k0-NAA in both forms: instrumental (k
0-INAA) and radioanalytical (k0-RNAA).\nTo avoid the interference of iron
as a matrix element\, firstly mineral was dissolved in aqua regia then liq
uid-liquid extraction procedure by diisopropyl ether (DIPE) in hydrochlori
c acid media was applied. Trace elements were determined using k0-INAA aft
er irradiation of water phase. Secondly\, the mineral was irradiated and t
han radiochemical extraction of Fe were done using DIPE and trace elements
were determined by k0-RNAA in water phase.\nThe k0-NAA method\, applied t
o determine the content of the investigated elements\, after removal of Fe
enabled to follow the distribution of 39 elements through their correspon
ding intermediate/medium and long half-lived radionuclides. The eliminatio
n of the matrix element lowered the detection limit for some trace element
s compared to their corresponding values determined by k0-INAA in powder f
orm and with certified values for some elements. However\, the results for
some elements (e.g. As\, Ba\, Ca\, Cs\, Hf\, K\, Na\, Zn and Zr) are high
er comparing to k0-INAA in powder due to the adsorption/desorption on glas
sware. The k0-RNAA procedure shows better agreement than k0-INAA with data
obtained by k0-INAA in powder mostly due to negligible blank contribution
. The results of this work will be presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://ind
ico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/134/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/134/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The solubility of Ni(II) and Eu(III) in the presence of cement sup
erplasticisers
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-135@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Warwick (Loughborough University)\, Amy Young
(Loughborough University)\, Monica Felipe-Sotelo (Loughborough University)
\n\nOne of the illustrative disposal concepts considered by the NDA- RWMD
(Nuclear Decommissioning Authority – Radioactive Waste Management Direct
orate) for the disposal of intermediate-level wastes and some low-level wa
stes is that of grouted waste packages surrounded by a cementitious backfi
ll. The potential use of superplasticisers to improve flow properties of w
aste encapsulation grouts offers benefits in some applications\, e.g. for
infilling or self-levelling. However their impact on the post closure per
formance assessment of a geological disposal facility (GDF) needs to be co
nsidered. \n\nFirst generation superplasticisers such as naphthalene form
aldehyde and sodium lignosulphonate showed the ability to increase the aqu
eous concentrations of radionuclides. The observed effects were not consi
stent and the use of such additives was\, in general\, discouraged\, howev
er\, the composition of modern superplasticisers (‘comb’ polymers) is
better controlled than the composition of compounds used in the past. Thi
s suggests that their effects may be better understood and they may behave
in a more predictable manner. \n\nTo determine whether the presence of co
mb superplasticisers will have an effect of the solubility of radionuclide
s within the near field of a radioactive waste repository\, a study of the
solubility of Ni(II) and Eu(III) in high pH (12-13.5) aqueous solutions o
f the superplasticiser ADVA Cast 551 was conducted. The solubility experim
ents were approached from oversaturation and were conducted in the followi
ng aqueous solutions: 95% saturated Ca(OH)2\, 0.1 mol dm-3 NaOH and cement
equilibrated solutions containing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)\, Pulver
ised Fly Ash (PFA) or Blast Furnace Slag (BFS). ADVA Cast 551 was present
at between 0 and 10% (w/v). Samples were taken at regular intervals over t
he period of 1 month and measured by Liquid Scintillation Counting or Gamm
a Spectrometry for Ni and Eu quantification respectively. Results for Ni(I
I) have shown that the concentration of Ni(II) measured in solution increa
ses with the presence of the cement superplasticisers. The increase observ
ed was greatest in the 95% saturated Ca(OH)2 solution. Results observed in
the cement equilibrated solutions were less significant with the solubili
ty increase being within an order of magnitude even in the presence of 10%
ADVA Cast 551. Results for Eu(III) will also be presented.\n\nAcknowledge
ments\nA. Young thanks the EPSRC and the NDA (RWMD) for financially suppor
ting her PhD.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/135/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/135/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Progresses on the structural chemistry of the actinide phosphates
DTSTART:20100422T030000Z
DTEND:20100422T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-136@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gilles Wallez (UPMC Univ. Paris 06\, CNRS-UMR 7574\,
ENSCP- ParisTech\, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Paris
\, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie\, 75231 - Paris Cedex 05\, France)\, Damie
n Bregiroux (UPMC Univ. Paris 06\, CNRS-UMR 7574\, ENSCP- ParisTech\, Labo
ratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Paris\, 11 rue Pierre et Mari
e Curie\, 75231 - Paris Cedex 05\, France)\, Rudy J.M. Konings (European C
ommission\, Joint Research Centre\, Institute for Transuranium Elements\,
P.O. Box2340\, 76125 - Karlsruhe\, Germany)\, Philippe E. Raison (European
Commission\, Joint Research Centre\, Institute for Transuranium Elements\
, P.O. Box2340\, 76125 - Karlsruhe\, Germany)\, Karin Popa ("Al.I. Cuza" U
niversity\, Department of Chemistry)\n\nData on structure and properties o
f actinide phosphates are needed for the development of phosphate ceramics
envisaged as possible hosts for long-term sequestration of actinides gene
rated by the nuclear fuel cycle. In that aim an extensive study on the cry
stal structures\, thermal stability\, and thermodynamic properties on a nu
mber of crystalline trivalent and tetravalent actinide phosphates was unde
rtaken.\nPuPO4 with monazite structure was obtained and characterized in t
erms of thermal stability and thermal expansion. The decomposition of PuPO
4 to Pu2O3 was observed at 1573 K. Its high-temperature heat capacity is t
o be measured up to 1500 K by drop calorimetry.\nMIINp(PO4)2 (MII= Ca\, Sr
\, Ba) were obtained by solid state reaction. The influence of ionic radiu
s of MII (MII= Ca\, Sr\, Ba) on the crystal structure is further discussed
. Pure phase of CaNp(PO4)2 with monazite structure (P2/n) was obtained by
solid state reaction after several thermal treatments and readjustments in
stoichiometry. The lattice parameters are a= 6.65085(3) Å\, b= 6.83893(5
) Å\, c= 6.35378(3) Å\, and β= 104.117(9) o. SrNp(PO4)2 seems to adopts
an inedited double-monazite structure with a= 6.895 Å\, b= 13.272 Å\, c
= 6.892 Å\, and β= 99.22 o\, probably due to the Sr/Np ordering responsi
ble for the non-negligible reflections with k = 2n +1\; in this case\, the
two cations seem too different in size to allow disorder\, contrarily wit
h CaNp(PO4)2. Pure BaNp(PO4) with monoclinic C2/c was also obtained. Its s
tructure was inferred with the one reported for RbEu(SO4)2\, the lattice p
arameters being a= 12.69095(13) Å\, b= 5.36179(6) Å\, c= 9.40949(11) Å\
, and β= 102.516(68) o. The pattern looks similar with the one previously
found for the Th-counterpart.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/cont
ributions/136/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/136/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Development of k0-cyclic neutron activation analysis at
the Portuguese research reactor
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-138@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: N Canha (Reactor-ITN\, Technological and Nuclear Ins
titute\, E.N. 10\, 2686-953 Sacavem\, Portugal)\, M.C. Freitas (Reactor-IT
N\, Technological and Nuclear Institute\, E.N. 10\, 2686-953 Sacavem\, Por
tugal)\, H.M. Dzung (Reactor-ITN\, Technological and Nuclear Institute\, E
.N. 10\, 2686-953 Sacavem\, Portugal)\, Daniel Beasley (Reactor-ITN\, Tech
nological and Nuclear Institute\, E.N. 10\, 2686-953 Sacavem\, Portugal)\n
\nThe fast pneumatic transfer system (SIPRA) for short irradiations at the
Portuguese research reactor has been upgraded with a new spectrometer inc
orporating Zero-DeadTime corrections and new software for use alongside a
modern computer. The development of cyclic NAA based on the k0 methodology
for SIPRA has been performed. To ensure the accuracy of the system for ve
ry short lived nuclides (e.g. 77mSe and 20F)\, the calibration of transit
time with millisecond timing resolution was performed. The results of k0-c
yclic NAA for standard reference materials have been shown with a particul
ar focus on selenium.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions
/138/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/138/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Assessment of contamination levels and dispersion in a mining impa
cted area by INAA and &mu\;-PIXE analysis
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-139@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: md anawar hossain (Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear
Reactor\, Apartado 21\, E.N. 10\, 2686-953\, Sacavém\, Portugal)\n\nAsses
sment of contamination levels and dispersion in a mining impacted area by
INAA and Micro-PIXE analysis\n\nH. M. Anawar\, M. C. Freitas\, H. M. Dung\
n\nInstituto Tecnológico e Nuclear Reactor\, Apartado 21\, E.N. 10\, 2686
-953\, Sacavém\, Portugal\,\nE-mail: anawar4@hotmail.com\n\nPast mining a
ctivities\, random disposal without poorly precautionary and rehabilitatio
n measures\, erosion\, leaching\, and atmospheric dispersal of mine soils\
, tailings and waste may contaminate the surrounding environment and nearb
y locality with highly toxic trace elements\, and natural radionuclides in
the vicinity of Sao Domingos mine\, Portugal\, a copper-sulphide open pit
mine. Toxic trace elements\, rare earth elements and natural radionuclide
were measured in mining soils\, plants\, lichen and moss samples by using
instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and µ-PIXE. This study h
as carried out the assessment of magnitude of contamination levels and dis
persion of above contaminants in and around the mining area. The levels of
the elements were very high in all types of samples including the soils\,
lichens\, moss and plant: the highest levels were recorded in the samples
collected close to ore processing sites and diluted with distance. The co
ncentrations of As\, Sb and other elements in the soils\, plant\, lichen a
nd moss samples were much higher than the regional background levels refle
cting the high magnitude of contamination in and around the mining area an
d the possible health risk for the inhabitants living nearby the mining af
fected area. Patterns of bioaccumulation of elements throughout the study
area were quite similar for widespread pollutants such as As\, Sb\, Cu\, Z
n\, Fe\, Br\, Co\, La\, and Cr. The lichen\, moss and plant samples are im
portant biomonitors of terrestrial and atmospheric pollution in mining aff
ected areas. Some of the plant species with high biomass and extensive roo
t systems\, grown abundantly and spontaneously in the area\, are suggested
as the suitable candidate for the phytoremediation of the mining contamin
ated soils.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/139/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/139/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioanalytical determination of actinides in refractory matrices
by linking alkali fusion with solvent extraction and chromatography extrac
tion.
DTSTART:20100423T043000Z
DTEND:20100423T044500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-140@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rafael Garcia-Tenorio (Centro Nacional de Acelerador
es)\, Santiago Hurtado (University of Seville)\, Mouloud Lehritane (Univer
sity of Seville)\, Juan Mantero (University of Seville)\n\nIn radiochemica
l analyses with environmental or industrial samples sometimes happens that
certain matrices have a refractory behaviour and usual leaching processes
cannot deal with its dissolution properly. There are in the bibliography
different ways to solve this problem as the use of microwaves digestions o
r HF digestions (or both together) and also fusion techniques among others
. This work presents a method used previously for ICP-MS measurements that
have been modified and readapted for the digestion of refractory samples
followed by a separation process with solvent extraction for the determina
tion of actinides (U and Th isotopes) in refractory samples by alpha-spect
rometry. The separation process was made also with extraction chromatograp
hy resins (UTEVA resins) in order to test both separation methods and to c
hoose the more suitable one.\n\nIn a first stage\, we worked with samples
that were only leached with aqua regia followed of separation process with
TBP to finally electroplate the isolated uranium and thorium fractions
in stainless-steel dishes. The samples were measured by alpha-spectrometry
with PIPS detectors. Aliquots of these samples were as well measured via
gamma spectrometry in order to check the results produced by alpha spectro
metry. Disagreement were found between the results obtained by both techni
ques due to the no total dissolution of the samples analysed by alpha-spec
trometry.\n\nIn a second stage\, the found disagreement was solved with th
e application of an alkali fusion technique for a total dissolution of the
sample before the application of the separation methods and alpha spectro
metric measurements. The fusion technique with KHSO4 is easily applicable\
, fast (it takes less than two hours instead of ten-twenty necessaries in
leachings) and it does not need of sophisticated tools to be executed. \n\
nRegarding the use of UTEVA resins or TBP process for the separation of ac
tinides\, it is necessary to point out that both techniques show similar c
hemical yields for Uranium and Thorium isotopes aulthough the UTEVAS resin
s are less time-consuming than the TBP process. In addition\, the possibi
lity to reuse the resins makes them more useful from an economical point o
f view\, in opposition to the general idea that many laboratories have abo
ut this topic.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/140/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/140/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Probability for type I errors in &gamma\;-ray spectrometric measur
ements of drinking water samples
DTSTART:20100422T110000Z
DTEND:20100422T111500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-142@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Katarina Kovačič (Jožef Stefan Institute\, Ljublj
ana\, Slovenia)\, Denis Glavič Cindro (ožef Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana
\, Slovenia)\, Matjaž Korun (Jožef Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Sloven
ia)\, Branko Vodenik (Jožef Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\n\nI
n gamma-ray spectrometry the activities are calculated from areas of the p
eaks appearing in the spectrum. If a peak used in the activity calculation
s appears in the spectrometer background its count rate must be corrected
for the background contribution. The significance of this correction becom
es essential in spectral analyzes where activities close to the minimum de
tectable activity need to be determined. \n\nThe presence of radionuclei i
n the sample\, that contribute to the spectrometer background\, can only b
e detected from the excess of the count rate in the peaks over their backg
round level. Therefore\, the radionuclei can be categorized in two groups:
\n- Radionuclei that do not appear in the spectrometer background. The
probability of the wrong detection of these radionuclides is given by the
sensitivity at which the peak-search algorithm recognizes the background
fluctuations as peaks.\n- Radionuclei that appear in the spectrometer b
ackground. Here\, a radionucleus is identified if the count rate in its pe
aks exceeds the background level. In this case the probability of a false
detection is given by a criterion\, on the basis of which the number and t
he significance of the peaks where the excess occurred decide on the prese
nce of the radionucleus in the sample.\n\nIt follows that for the second g
roup\, the minimum detectable activity that can be attained depends on the
accuracy with which the background is determined and on its stability ove
r time. It should be noted that if the contribution from the sample to a p
eak area is small as compared to the contribution of the background\, ther
e exist an equal probability that the result of the background subtraction
is larger than zero or smaller than zero.\n\nTo check the rate of falsely
detected radionuclides (type I errors) an analysis was made in which the
background spectra were treated as sample spectra. From this it is known t
hat in the analysis of these spectra all the detections of radionuclides a
re false. \n\nThe spectral analyzes were preformed with Canberra’s GENE
ESP spectroscopy system. The nuclide library that was used is composed of
radionuclei usually found in the environment and radionuclei that occur in
the effluents from nuclear power reactors and hospitals. In the case of m
ulti-gamma-ray emitters\, the nuclide library includes the most abundant g
amma-rays as well as the gamma-rays that cause interferences with other ra
dionuclides\, in order to correct the activities for these interferences.
The criterion that determines whether a radionucleus has been detected is
based on a comparison of the sum of the emission probabilities of the gamm
a-rays\, where the count rate in the spectrum exceeds its background value
and the sum of the emission probabilities for all the gamma-rays of this
radionucleus that are included in the library. If the ratio of both sums e
xceeds a predetermined value\, the gamma-ray emitter is considered as bein
g present in the sample.\n \nIn the presentation the rates of type 1 error
s will be presented for single gamma-ray emitters and multi gamma-ray emit
ters. The empirical minimum detectable activities for water samples for th
ese radionuclei will be given.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/cont
ributions/142/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/142/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effects of dose and dose rate of &gamma\; radiation on catalytic a
ctivity of catalase
DTSTART:20100422T060000Z
DTEND:20100422T061500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-143@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viliam Múčka (CTU in Prague)\, Václav Čuba (CTU
in Prague)\, Tereza Pavelková (CTU in Prague\, ČVUT jiný pracovní pom
ěr)\n\nCatalytic activity of catalase from bovine liver was studied using
experimental device designed for kinetic measurements of hydrogen peroxid
e decomposition at constant temperature and pressure. The kinetics of the
reaction was evaluated by measuring the volume of released oxygen. The mea
surement was performed at four temperatures in the range of 25 – 45 °C.
Rate constants of the reaction were estimated for all four temperatures.
The values of apparent activation energy were obtained from their temperat
ure dependence in Arrhenius coordinates. Reproducibility of both sample pr
eparation and kinetics measurement was experimentally evaluated.\nSolution
s containing 1x10-3 - 5x10-6 g/mL of catalase in phosphate buffer were use
d for the study. γ irradiation was performed using 60Co radionuclide sour
ce Gammacell 220 with two different dose rates 7 and 70 Gy/h and doses ran
ging from 350 to 1000 Gy.\nIt was confirmed that the observed reaction of
catalase with hydrogen peroxide is of the first order in the whole measure
d interval. Irradiation significantly decreases catalytic activity of cata
lase. However\, apparent activation energy does not depend on the dose of
radiation indicating that the mechanism of the hydrogen peroxide degradati
on does not significantly change with the dose\, either.\n\nhttps://indico
.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/143/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/143/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Migration characteristics of rock samples studied by electromigrat
ion method: methodology: procedure modification
DTSTART:20100423T034000Z
DTEND:20100423T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-145@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: MArtin Lofgren (KEMAKTA Sweden)\, Václava Havlová
(Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc.)\, Petr Večerník (Nuclear Researc
h Institute Řež plc.)\n\nIn several concepts of deep geological reposito
ry (DGR) development granites are considered as potential hosts rocks (Sw
eden\, Finland\, Czech Republic) . Safety calculations\, evaluating safety
functions of DGR barriers\, require information about radionuclide migrat
ion within fractured rock formations\, where advection and matrix diffusio
n are considered as the most important processes for activity decrease. \n
Radionuclide diffusion into rock matrix can be studied both in laboratory
and in-situ (e.g. Long term diffusion project\, Grimsel URL\, Switzerland)
. However\, due to diffusion speed the lab experiments usually take longer
time than e.g. batch experiments\, even in year perspective. Moreover\, s
ome parameters\, e.g. formation factor Ff\, are difficult to determine usi
ng convention methods.\nHereby\, the through electromigration methods (TEM
\; Löfgren\, 2004) can be used for diffusion parameter studies\, especial
ly due to speeding up the experimental work in comparison standard through
-diffusion methods. The TEM experiments gain both formation factor (Ff) an
d effective diffusion coefficient (De) values. \nIn NRI the experimental c
ells for TEM method\, based on the work of M. Löfgren (2004)\, were assem
bled\, modified in order to increase its function and tested. Iodide anion
as a tracer in sodium chloride background electrolyte of different concen
tration was used. Blank experiments with Plexiglas piece\, substituting ro
ck sample\, were performed for in order to test the experimental apparatus
for leakage failures\, sample sealing and non-conductive cell materials.
Subsequently\, TEM experiments with rock samples were accomplished\, inclu
ding samples of crystalline rocks (granite\, granodiorite) from Czech Repu
blic\, Sweden and Switzerland. The results (Ff and De) obtained were compa
red and evaluated\, taking into account rock sample properties. \n\nM. Lö
fgren: Diffusive properties of granitic rock as measured by in-situ electr
ical methods\, Doctoral Thesis (2004)\, Royal Institute of Technology\, St
ockholm\, Sweden.\nThe research on samples from Sweden (Forsmark and Lakse
mark) was funded by SKB Sweden that also provided the rock material.\n\nht
tps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/145/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/145/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characteristics of concentration correlations for the pairs of 238U/HCO3-\, 234U/HCO3
-\, 226Ra/238U\, 228Ra/22
6Ra\, 226Ra/HCO3-\, 228R
a/HCO3-\, 210Po/238U\, 21
0Po/226Ra\, 228Th/232Th\, 228<
/sup>Th/228Ra\, 228Th/HCO3- a
nd 210Po/210Pb in drinking water
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-146@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Guogang Jia (National Institute of environmental pro
tection and reasearch)\n\nSome important naturally occuring a and b radion
uclides in seventeen brands of drinking water samples collected in Italy w
ere determined. The mean activity concentrations (mBq L-1) of the radionuc
lides in the water samples were almost in the order: 26±36 (234U) > 21±3
0 (238U) > 8.9±15 (226Ra) > 4.8±6.3 (228Ra) > 4.0±4.1 (210Pb) > 3.2±3.
7 (210Po) > 2.7±1.2 (212Pb) > 1.4±1.8 (224Ra) > 1.1±1.3 (235U) > 0.26±
0.39 (228Th) > 0.0023±0.0009 (230Th) > 0.0013±0.0006 (232Th). Based on t
he HCO3- concentrations and the radionuclide concentrations in the analyse
d waters\, correlation analyses were made\, and statistical positive corre
lations were found among the pairs of 228Ra/226Ra\, 226Ra/HCO3-\, 228Ra/HC
O3-\, 210Po/238U\, 210Po/226Ra\, 228Th/232Th\, 228Th/228Ra\, 228Th/HCO3- a
nd 210Po/210Pb in drinking water.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/146/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/146/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optimisation of neutron flux parameters determination for k0<
/sub> standardization during irradiation at reactor LVR-15 in Řež
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-152@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan Kučera (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Czech Acade
my of Sciences)\, Marie Kubešová (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Czech Acad
emy of Sciences)\n\nMultipurpose research reactors such as LVR-15 in Řež
require frequent monitoring of neutron flux parameters (f\, α) when k0 s
tandardization in NAA is to be used. These parameters may change quite unp
redictably\, because experiments in channels adjacent to those used for NA
A frequently require a change of the reactor operation parameters and/or a
ctive core configuration. For monitoring of the neutron flux parameters in
each irradiation container the bare triple monitor method is very conveni
ent. However\, when using Zr-Au monitors we have observed quite some varia
tions of f and α values as a function of irradiation and decay time emplo
yed. This was especially noticeable if the irradiation time was very short
(in case of short-term irradiation induced activities of monitors are too
low) or if the decay time before the first count of these monitors was lo
nger than the recommended decay time of one day (the long-term irradiated
samples may be too hot to be handled and/or measured one day after irradia
tion). Therefore\, we have tested other sets of neutron flux monitors cons
isting of Au\, Mo and Cr (Au\, Mo and Sc in case of short-term irradiation
) as proposed recently by Koster-Ammerlaan et al.1 \n\nReference\n1. M.J.J
. Koster-Ammerlaan\, M.A. Bacchi\, P. Bode\, E.A. De Nadai Fernandes\, App
l. Rad. Isotopes\, 66 (2008) 1964.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/152/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/152/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Upgrade of the prompt-&gamma\; activation analysis (PGAA) and neut
ron induced prompt-&gamma\; spectroscopy (NIPS) facilities of the Budapest
research reactor
DTSTART:20100419T090000Z
DTEND:20100419T092000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-153@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zoltán Kis (Institute of Isotopes\, Hungarian Acade
my of Sciences)\, Zsolt Révay (Institute of Isotopes\, Hungarian Academy
of Sciences)\, Tamás Belgya (Institute of Isotopes\, Hungarian Academy of
Sciences)\, László Szentmiklósi (Institute of Isotopes\, Hungarian Aca
demy of Sciences)\n\nThe Prompt-Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA) and the N
eutron Induced Prompt-gamma Spectroscopy (NIPS) facilities are located at
the end of the guided beamline No.1. of the Budapest Research Reactor. In
the last few years they were significantly upgraded. The partial replaceme
nt and realignment of the neutron guide elements resulted in a factor of f
our gain of the neutron flux. To make possible the unattended and independ
ent operation of the two stations\, a neutron flux monitor and computer-co
ntrolled beam shutters have been put into operation. This latter can be pr
ogrammed to open and close the neutron beam according to a predefined time
sequence\, thus it will be an ideal tool to perform in-beam activation ex
periments. \n\nIn order to make the PGAA facility even more productive\, a
n automatic sample changer has been designed and manufactured. This can ac
commodate 16 samples\, either solids\, powders in sealed Teflon bags\, or
liquids in vials. A computer program has been developed to control such ba
tch runs. \n\nAt the NIPS station\, however\, more attention is paid to th
e non-destructive analysis of bulky samples. Therefore a new\, bigger and
partially dismountable sample chamber is under construction. Moreover\, th
e detection conditions are substantially improved by the installation of a
new BGO Compton suppressor and massive lead shielding. Space is reserved
for a moving table and for a neutron tomograph\, to re-establish the combi
ned Prompt-Gamma Activation Imaging (PGAI) and Neutron Tomography (NT) equ
ipment. \n\nThe upgraded facilities offer new possibilities for the routin
e element analysis and also for the cutting-edge research challenges\, and
continue to serve international collaborations within the EU FP7 and many
other projects.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/153/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/153/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Vacuum thermochromatography - theory and Monte Carlo simulation
DTSTART:20100419T090000Z
DTEND:20100419T091500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-154@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivo Zvara (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\,
Joint Institute of Nuclear Research\,)\n\nVacuum Thermochromatography –
Theory and Monte Carlo Simulation\n Mixtures of ultra low amounts of sp
ecies can be separated in a tube\, evacuated well below a microbar\, along
which the temperature gradually decreases from the closed hot end\, by pl
acing the sample into this hot end (zero coordinate). Then the Knudsen flo
w results in that the components with dissimilar adsorbability on the tube
surface make deposits\, which peak in different temperature intervals awa
y from zero. It happens despite the absence of any convective flow\, which
is the basis of all true “chromatographies”. A few experimental works
published to date demonstrate separations of both very volatile and quite
nonvolatile species.\n This “vacuum thermochromatography” (VCT) is
based on erratic independent displacements of the molecules up and down t
he tube. Indeed\, a molecule experiences free flights between two sequenti
al collisions with the tube wall\, while each strike results in an adsorpt
ion event and so in an adsorption sojourn time. Thus the molecule does not
keep memory about its incoming velocity vector\; it is commonly supposed
that the angular distribution of the rebounds follows the cosine law.\n
The paper presents the first rigorous consideration of the microscopic pi
cture of VCT to substantiate MC simulations. Formulae for the flight lengt
h and its projection on the tube axis were derived. Algorithms of calculat
ing random values and the probability density functions for the above quan
tities were obtained. Erroneous formulae and values met in literature were
corrected. \n In an isothermal tube\, the picture obtained by MC simul
ations was indistinguishable from the solution of the corresponding diffus
ion problem. It is the half-Gaussian – because the migration is reflecte
d at zero – and the mixture components differ only in the width of that
distribution. However\, in the case of VTC\, the average adsorption sojour
n time\, which is proportional to the Boltzmann factor (depending exponent
ially on the desorption energy)\, rapidly increases with lower temperature
. As a result\, two molecules displaced from the given coordinate in oppos
ite directions have different probability per unit time to make next steps
. This is the background for evolution of the adsorption peak\, which “m
oves” towards lower temperature with longer duration of the experiment.\
n Empirical regularities in the peak coordinate and temperature of the
simulated peaks as a function of some experimental conditions were obtaine
d. Some reasonable function for fitting the peak profiles was proposed. At
tempts to use the diffusion ansatz for the interpretation of VCT data were
undertaken though the strong temperature change of the effective diffusio
n coefficient with the coordinate brings problems in diffusional descripti
on. \n VCT as a method of preparative separation offers prospects of so
lving some specific task in radiochemical analyses. One of the goals is fi
nding the energy of desorption of various species . The here obtained e
quations with semi-empirical parameters allow thermodynamic interpretation
of the experimental data. The earlier attempts on these lines are critica
lly discussed. \nAs to the studies of su\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/ev
ent/1/contributions/154/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/154/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Heterocyclic labelled derivatives of Betulinines
DTSTART:20100422T084500Z
DTEND:20100422T090000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-161@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marian Hajduch (Laboratory of Experimental Medicine\
, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry\, Palacky University\, Puskinova 6\, 7
72 07 Olomouc\, Czech Republic)\, Tomas Elbert (Laboratory of Radioisotop
es\, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry\, Academy of Sciences
\, Flemingovo n. 2\, 166 10 Prague 6\, Czech Republic)\, Maria Martinez M.
(Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physic
al Engineering\, Czech Technical University\, Brehova 7\, 115 19 Prague 1\
, Czech Republic)\, Jan Sarek (Department of Organic Chemistry\, Faculty o
f Science\, Palacky University\, Trida 17. listopadu 12\, 772 07 Olomouc\,
Czech Republic)\, Martin Vlk (Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Faculty o
f Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering\, CTU Prague)\n\nThe lupane ty
pe compounds have played a singular role among pentacyclic cytotoxic trite
rpenoids from the beginning of 21st century\, mainly for their various bio
logical activities1\, which include antineoplastic\, antiviral\, anti-infl
ammatory\, antimicrobial activities and also hepato- and cardioprotective
effects. The derivatives of betulin and betulinic acid have been tested o
n various tumor cells lines for their activity2. The heterogeneous family
of triterpenoids\, including highly oxidized lupane\, des-E-lupane\, olea
nane and others derivatives\, posses a significant cytotoxic and antiviral
activity and was named Betulinines3-6. Betulinines have proved multispec
tral cytotoxic activity on the panel of 10 cell tumor lines of different h
istogenetical origin\, including multidrug resistance. \nOur research grou
p has three main pathways of interest. The first is a chemical path\, whic
h is focused on synthesis of new derivatives based on SARS6. The second on
e is a radiochemical path\, which is specialized in synthesis of selective
ly labelled compounds of the most cytotoxic active compounds7. Finally\, i
t is a biological path\, which tests biological activities of synthesized
compounds\, investigates of mechanism of action and formulates of SARS con
clusions6.\nDuring the past years have been synthesized several labelled d
erivatives\, that have been used for investigation of mechanism\, labelled
by deuterium\, tritium\, carbon-13\, carbon-14 and nitrogen-15. Recent in
terest of our research is synthesis of heterocyclic labelled derivatives o
f heterobetulinic\, morolic and betulinic acid. Mentioned compound will be
studied for their biological activities\, especially for antitumor and an
ti-HIV in cooperation with LEM in Olomouc.\n\nREFERENCES\n\n1. Dzubak P. E
T AL.: Nat. Prod. Rep. 23 \, 394 (2006).\n2. Pisha E. et al.: Nat. Med. 1\
, 1046 (1995).\n3. Hajduch M.\, Sarek J.: Triterpenoid derivatives. PCT In
t. Patent Appl. WO0190136\, 23 May 2001. \n4. Hajduch M.\, and Sarek J.: T
riterpenoid derivatives. PCT Int. Patent Appl. WO0190046\, 23 May 2001.\n5
. Hajduch M.\, Sarek J.: Triterpenoid derivatives. PCT Int. Patent Appl. W
O0190096\, 23 May 2001.\n6. Sarek J. et al.: J. Med. Chem. 46 \, 5402 (200
3).\n7. Vlk M.\, Sarek J.\, Hajduch M. and Elbert T.: Chem. listy 102\, 10
79 (2008).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/161/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/161/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Complexation of curium(III) with pyoverdin-model compounds
DTSTART:20100422T034500Z
DTEND:20100422T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-155@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
e.V.)\, Henry Moll (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V.)\n\nThe aero
bic groundwater bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens (CCUG 32456) isolated fr
om the aquifers at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory\, Sweden secretes sider
ophores of the pyoverdin-type. Besides iron(III)\, these unique bioligands
are also able to form strong complexes with actinides (e.g.\, U(VI)\, Np(
V)\, and Cm(III)) [1-3]. For U(VI) and Np(V) we could show that mainly the
catecholate and to less extend the hydroxamate functionalities of the py
overdin molecule are involved in the actinide coordination [1\, 2]. For Cm
(III) it is still not clear which functional group of the pyoverdin molecu
le causes the great stability constants. In general\, Cm(III) interactions
with pyoverdin-model compounds and especially with chromophore-models are
poorly understood. To address this lack\, we thus present findings regard
ing the speciation of Cm(III) with 2\,3-dihydroxynaphthalene in aqueous
solution by time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS)
at trace Cm(III) concentrations (0.3 µM) over a wide pH range. TRLFS is a
well established direct speciation technique for investigating the comple
xes formed by actinides in both geochemical and biochemical environments.
Four Cm(III)- dihydroxynaphthalene species of the type MxLyHz could be ide
ntified from the spectroscopic measurements. The stability constants of th
ese strong Cm(III)- bioligand complexes and their individual spectroscopic
properties (excitation and emission spectra\, lifetimes) are reported. TR
LFS shows that Cm(III)- dihydroxynaphthalene species cause a strong red sh
ift of the characteristic Cm(III) (aq) emission band at 593.8 to 614.4 nm.
The findings of our Cm(III) speciation study in comparison with the liter
ature indicate a stronger affinity of Cm(III) to the catechol functionalit
y of the pyoverdin molecules as found for U(VI) and Np(V).\n\n[1] H. Mo
ll\, M. Glorius\, G. Bernhard\, A. Johnsson\, K. Pedersen\, M. Schäfer\,
H. Budzikiewicz\, Geomicrobiol. J. 25\, 157-166 (2008).\n[2] H. Moll\,
M. Glorius\, A. Johnsson\, M. Schäfer\, H. Budzikiewicz\, K. Pedersen\,
G. Bernhard\, Radiochim. Acta\, submitted (2009). \n[3] H. Moll\, A. Jo
hnsson\, M. Schäfer\, K. Pedersen\, H. Budzikiewicz\, G. Bernhard\, BioMe
tals 21\, 219-228 (2008).\n\n\nThis work was funded by the BMWi under cont
ract number: 02E9985.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions
/155/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/155/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:MIBG - structure revisited
DTSTART:20100422T104500Z
DTEND:20100422T110000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-157@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Martin Štícha (Faculty of Science\, Charles Univer
sity)\, Iva Rudovská (Faculty of Science\, Charles University)\, Ondřej
Lebeda (Czech Academy of science\, Inst. of Nuclear Physics)\, Pavel Hradi
lek (Czech Academy of science\, Inst. of Nuclear Physics)\, Ivana Císařo
vá (Faculty of Science\, Charles University)\, Ladislav Lešetický (Facu
lty of Science\, Charles University)\n\nThe synthesis\, labeling and caref
ul spectroscopic investigation of meta-iodo-benzyl guanidin has been perfo
rmed. As result of ESI MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction the corect
structure is meta-iodo-benzyl guanidine hemisulfate hemihydrate (2 MIBG. H
2SO4.H2O).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/157/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/157/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chemical composition of silica phytoliths. Comparison of different
isolation methods.
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-158@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zdeněk Řanda (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy
of Science of the Czech Republic)\, Jiří Mizera (Nuclear Physics Institu
te\, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic)\, Jan Kameník (Nuclear Phy
sics Institute\, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic)\n\nThe silica p
hytoliths\, also called biogenic opals\, are formed in many plant species.
It has been found that information on their chemical composition is limit
ed\, except for several major elements. Comparison of different methods fo
r isolation of silica phytoliths from plant material was performed in this
work. Dry ashing and acid digestion were used and their influence on chem
ical composition of the prepared samples was studied. Barley (Hordeum vulg
are L.) was used as a model plant and the phytoliths were extracted from d
ifferent parts of the plant body -- stems\, leaves\, awns. The analysis of
the elemental composition was performed by instrumental neutron activatio
n analysis in both short and long term irradiation modes which allowed det
ermination of more than 30 major and trace elements.\n\nhttps://indico.fjf
i.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/158/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/158/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurement of growth curves of microorganisms influenced by radia
tion
DTSTART:20100422T061500Z
DTEND:20100422T063000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-159@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Václav Čuba (CTU in Prague)\, Viliam Múčka (CTU
in Prague)\, Pavel Bláha (CTU in Prague\, ČVUT jiný pracovní poměr)\n
\nRelatively high attention is paid to various agents (e.g. chemical subst
ances [1]\, hyperthermia and/or radiation [2\,3]) influencing the growth o
f microorganisms. The influence of radiation on the microbial cells may be
indicated not only by the survival curves\, but also by the growth curves
of irradiated and non-irradiated cultures.\nThe aim of the study is to po
int out to some aspects of the measurements of such growth curves. The Sac
charomyces cerevisiae culture from variously irradiated inoculum in liquid
peptone-glucose medium was used in all experiments. Irradiation of yeast
cells in solution physiological (salt) was performed with γ-rays of 60Co
in Gammacell 220 or with UV-irradiation using ultraviolet lamp UVH 1016-6
for various time periods. Various dose rates of both types of radiation we
re used. The absorbed doses reached some hundreds Gy for both γ and UV ra
diation. The growth curves were measured using the nephelometric data of y
east suspension in various time periods of growth. The results of many mea
surements showed that the slope of growth curves expressed relatively exac
tly the negative influence of irradiation when the standard and uniform me
thod of evaluation was used. When the curves were fitted to the data point
s by the least-squares method\, the average standard errors were found to
be in the range from 0.6 to 0.8 % and from 0.2 to 0.5 % for γ- and UV- ir
radiation\, respectively. The negative effect of irradiation depended mono
tonously and non-linearly on the applied dose of irradiation. Quantitative
ly different effects were found in the case of γ and UV irradiation.\n\nR
eferences:\n1. Múčka V.\, Cabicar J.: Folia Microbiologica 14\, 511 (196
9)\n2. Farhatazis\, Rodgers M. A. J.: Radiation Chemistry. Principles and
Applications. WCH Publishers\, Inc.\, New York\, 1987\, 636 p.\n3. Petin V
. G.\, Kim J. K.: Radiat. Research 161\, 56 (2004)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.
cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/159/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/159/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Neutron and photon activation and ion beam techniques in geochemic
al characterization of moldavites and other impact glasses
DTSTART:20100419T080000Z
DTEND:20100419T082000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-160@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan Kučera (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy of
Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Ivo Tomandl (Nuclear Physics Institute\,
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Vladimír Havránek (Nuclear
Physics Institute\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Zdeněk
Řanda (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Repub
lic)\, Jiří Mizera (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy of Sciences of t
he Czech Republic)\n\nThe study presents results of geochemical characteri
zation of a large collection of tektites and other impact glasses. Impact
glasses are produced through large meteoritic impacts by melting of surfac
e materials. Tektites are impact glasses ejected from the impact site to d
istant strewn fields. The collection included namely moldavites from the m
ajor parts of the Central European tektite strewn field\, and irghizites -
impact glasses from the Zhamanshin crater in Kazakhstan. Several samples
of Australasian tektites and Libyan Desert glass were available as well. T
he characterization has been based on determination of about fifty element
s using various modes of instrumental neutron activation analysis\, supple
mented by instrumental photon activation analysis\, prompt gamma activatio
n analysis\, PIGE and PIXE. Geochemical data are presented and discussed i
n view of parent materials and processes involved in formation of various
tektites and impact glasses.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contri
butions/160/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/160/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Selectively labelled taraxastane and lupane derivatives
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-162@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marian Hajduch (Laboratory of Experimental Medicine\
, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry\, Palacky University\, Puskinova 6\, 7
72 07 Olomouc\, Czech Republic)\, Tomas Elbert (Laboratory of Radioisotop
es\, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry\, Academy of Sciences
\, Flemingovo n. 2\, 166 10 Prague 6\, Czech Republic)\, Jan Sarek (Depart
ment of Organic Chemistry\, Faculty of Science\, Palacky University\, Trid
a 17. listopadu 12\, 772 07 Olomouc\, Czech Republic)\, Martin Vlk (Depart
ment of Nuclear Chemistry\, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engin
eering\, Czech Technical University\, Brehova 7\, 115 19 Prague 1\, Czech
Republic)\, Maria Mayordomo Martinez (Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Fa
culty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering\, CTU Prague)\n\nTriter
penes are a group of natural compounds. They are studied for their wide sp
ectrum of biological activities: antitumor\, antimutagenic\, antiinflammat
ory\, antiallergy\, endocrine\, immunomodulatory\, antiviral\, hepatoprote
ctive\, cardioprotective\, antithrombotic or activities on central nervous
system.1\n\nNowadays the investigation of antitumor drugs is really impor
tant because over one million people get cancer each year and this quantit
y is increasing every year. \n\nSome of the most important triterpenes are
betulin andbetulinic acid and their derivatives2\, which have demonstrat
ed selective cytotoxicity against a number of specific tumor lines\, HIV d
isseas\, a variety of infectious agents such as malaria and bacteria\, and
the inflammatory process in general. The derivatives and potencial drugs
from betulinic acid can be used to kill and/or inhibit multiplication of t
umor cells. This type of drugs need to have high cytotoxic activity\, low
toxicity and have to be easily aviable.\nWe are focusing on the synthesis
of semisynthetic derivatives of betulin and betulinic\, heterobetulinic an
d morolic acids (lupane and taraxastane type) selectively labelled by deu
terium\, 2H and tritium 3H\, carbon-13 and carbon-14. \nThat labelled comp
ounds are essential for supporting of pharmacokinetic and toxicological ev
aluations which help with better understanding of methabolic pathways whic
h are proceeding in investigated organism. We trust that labelled derivati
ves help us with investigation of mechanism of action and indentification
of primary target.\nAll the synthesized compounds are tested on the board
of tumors lines for their cytotoxic activity in vitro and in vivo in LEM\,
hoped to obtain new anticancer drugs.\n\nReferences:\n1.P. Dzubak\, M. Ha
jduch\, D. Vydra\, A. Hustova\, M. Kvasnica\, D. Biedermann\, L. Markova\
, M. Urban\, J. Sarek\, Nat. Prod. Rep.\, 2006\, 23\, 394-411.\n2.E. R. Tr
umbull\, E. Bianchi\, D. J. Eckert\, R. M. Wiedhopf\, J. R. Cole\, J. Phar
m. Sci.\, 1976\, 65\, 1407-1408.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/co
ntributions/162/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/162/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorbents of heavy metals based on combination of low rank coals an
d chitosan
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-163@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivana Krausová (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy
of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Lenka Borecká (Institute of Rock St
ructure and Mechanics\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Vladi
mír Machovič (Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics\, Academy of Sci
ences of the Czech Republic)\, Martina Havelcová (Institute of Rock Struc
ture and Mechanics\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Jiří M
izera (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republ
ic)\n\nThe study has been aimed at development of cheap sorbents of toxic
heavy metals and radionuclides based on low rank\, low energetic coals in
combination with chitosan for use in treatment of both waste and drinking
water and construction of active geochemical barriers. Sorbents based on l
ignite and naturally oxidized lignite (oxihumolite\, leonardite) were prep
ared\, both raw and impregnated with chitosan from its solution in oxalic
acid. The sorbents were characterized by chemical and structural analyses.
Their sorption performance for Co\, Cu\, and Cd was tested in equilibrium
sorption experiments with respect to pH. The sorption efficiencies were c
alculated from the amount of metal retained by the sorbent\, which was det
ermined by instrumental neutron activation analysis in the short time irra
diation mode with epithermal neutrons (in a Cd shielding). Although chitos
an provides only surface coating of the coal sorbents\, its presence has a
ffected significantly their sorption performance. At identical pH values\,
the sorption efficiencies of the chitosan coated coals were higher than t
hose of the raw coals for all three metals\, and this difference was incre
asing with pH. The chitosan coating obviously stabilizes coal in basic sol
ution and inhibits leaching of humic substances and their complexes with t
he metals from coal into solution. Besides fixing metal humates within the
sorbents\, chitosan may positively affect the sorption efficiency also by
its buffering action against the hydroxide addition.\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/163/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/163/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of new filter properties 137Cs vapour capture at
high temperature
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-164@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Irina Shasmolova (Khlopin Radium Institute)\, Albert
Aloy (Khlopin Radium Institute)\n\nVitrification of radioactive wastes an
d high temperature synthesis of glass and ceramics for ionizing radiation
sources\, containing Cs-137\, is accompanied by discharge of its vapours.
The off-gas contaminated by Cs-137 must be cleaned up using different trap
ping systems.\nIn general two methods of Cs-137 vapour catching are possib
le\, differing both in process character (nature) and realization place in
technological scheme: \n· "wet" method – "low-temperature" Cs-137 v
apour condensation in system of gas cleaning (condensers\, scrubbers\, HEP
A-filters). This method leads to contamination of communications and to fo
rmation secondary liquid RAW\, which require additional repossessing. \n·
"dry" method – "high-temperature" Cs-137 vapour chemisorptions. This
method allows fixing Cs-137 in stable crystalline and amorphous phases.\n
Earler it was shown that porous inorganic materials with high content of s
ilica- alumina amorphous phase could be used for effective capturing of Cs
-137 vapours. Effectiveness of filter depends on the total porosity\; poro
us structure and aerodynamic resistance to off-gas flow. To study these pa
rameters a laboratory scale test facility was built at the KRI.\nThe follo
wing three methods are used to evaluate dust and aerosol capture efficienc
y at room temperature:\n· weighing method: sample the dust using speci
al certificated analytical filters followed by weighing of the absorbed pr
ecipitate. The filters are sealed in the filter holders\;\n· radiometr
ic method: if an isotope spike is used\, the dust is sampled using the ana
lytical filters as described above followed by measurements of absorbed ac
tivity using conventional methods\;\n· aerosol particle concentration
measurements: using laser counters for aerosol particle concentrations. Th
is method determines fraction decontamination factors for the particle siz
es ranging from 0.2 to 5 µm.\nReport will summarize obtained analytical d
ata and describe the dependence of filter effectiveness at different rates
off-gas flow.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/164/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/164/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Photo- and radiation-induced preparation of nanocrystalline copper
and cuprous oxide catalysts
DTSTART:20100422T050000Z
DTEND:20100422T051500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-166@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Václav Čuba (CTU in Prague)\, Milan Pospíšil (CT
U in Prague)\, Jan Bárta (CTU in Prague)\n\nRadiation method of copper an
d cuprous oxide preparation produces material of high chemical purity and
catalytic activity. Reduction of metal ions in aqueous solutions via UV\,
γ irradiation or accelerated electrons results in formation of nanosized
particles of both Cu/Cu2O with uniform spherical shapes at normal temperat
ure. This method of preparation is very simple and relatively efficient\;
it requires mostly only one additive – ∙OH scavenger – in order to p
romote process of reduction. Oxygen present in water readily oxidises form
ed nanoparticles of non-noble metals and causes their dissolution\; theref
ore the solutions must be deaerated prior to irradiation.\nIn this work\,
aqueous solutions containing copper sulphate or formate (0.001 to 0.01 mol
.dm-3) in the presence of ∙OH scavenger propan-2-ol (1.3 mol.dm-3) and s
urfactant polyvinyl alcohol PVA were irradiated. Following radiation sourc
es were used: Medium pressure mercury lamp with power input 400W for UV ir
radiation\, LINAC 4-1200 for electron irradiation and 60Co radionuclide so
urce Gammacell 220 for γ irradiation. Effects of radiation were evaluated
using UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry\, SEM and XRPD. Catalytic activ
ity of prepared Cu2O powder was studied by measuring the rate of catalytic
decomposition of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 to oxygen at several temperatures
.\nIn separated black or brown solid phases\, the presence of crystalline
copper\, cuprous oxide Cu2O or their mixture was confirmed. Irradiation of
0.01 mol.dm-3 solutions with low doses yields pure Cu2O\, whereas at lowe
r pH and lower copper concentration\, copper particles are formed predomin
antly. SEM images showed that prepared particles are spherical in shape an
d have wide size range (50 - 500 nm in diameter\, average size being cca 2
00 nm).\nThe stability of colloidal copper was investigated with respect t
o changes of absorption spectra and pH in the presence of air. Whereas the
value of pH steadily increased with time\, the absorbance changed non-mon
otonously – in the first stage\, a rapid increase of absorbance in the r
ange from 600 to 900 nm occurred\, followed by long lag-phase (absorbance
remained constant) and finally in the third stage\, copper absorption spec
trum reappeared\, but slowly decreased.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/eve
nt/1/contributions/166/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/166/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigation of mobility of plutonium in environmental and nuclea
r waste samples using sequential extraction
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-221@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Xiaolin Hou (Radiation Research Division\, Risø Nat
ional Laboratory for Sustainable Energy\, Technical University of Denmark\
, DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\, Jixin Qiao (Radiation Research Division\,
Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy\, Technical University of
Denmark\, DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\n\nFractionation of plutonium isoto
pes (238Pu\, 239\,240Pu) was conducted for environmental samples including
soil and sediment\, and bio-shielding concrete from decommissioning of nu
clear reactor in this work. The fractionation were carried out by dynamica
lly sequential extraction system using an on-line sequential injection (SI
) combined with a specially designed extraction column. Plutonium in the f
ractions from the sequential extraction was separated by ion exchange chro
matography and measured using alpha spectrometry. Different distributions
of plutonium in environmental samples and bio-shielding concrete were obse
rved. The analytical results show a higher mobility of plutonium in concr
ete sample than in environmental samples analyzed in this work\, which mea
ns attention should be paid to the treatment and disposal of low level con
crete waste from decommissioning of nuclear facilities.\n\nhttps://indico.
fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/221/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/221/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Natural radionuclides in sediments and rocks from Adriatic Sea
DTSTART:20100420T055000Z
DTEND:20100420T061000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-167@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Branko Petrinec (Institute for Medical Research and
Occupational Health)\, Borut Smodiš (Jožef Stefan Institute)\, Marko Št
rok (Jožef Stefan Institute)\n\nDuring the International Scientific Cruis
e to Adriatic and Ionian Seas organised by the International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA)\, sediment and rock samples were collected at different loc
ations. Sediments were sampled with grab corer at six locations in the mid
dle and south Adriatic Sea. Rocks were collected on three islands (Palagru
ža\, Brusnik\, Jabuka) in the Adriatic Sea. In the samples\, natural radi
onuclides U-238\, U-234\, Th-232\, Th-230 and Ra-226 were determined. Samp
les were first dried\, crushed and homogenised. After that\, radiochemical
separation procedures were applied. After radiochemical separation\, samp
les were measured by alpha spectrometry system equipped with PIPS (Passiva
ted implanted planar silicon) detectors. Activity concentrations of natura
l radionuclides in samples were from 11.7 to 27.0 Bq/kg for U-238\, from 7
.9 to 28.1 Bq/kg for U-234\, from 13.2 to 31.9 Bq/kg for Th-232\, from 17.
1 to 40.9 Bq/kg for Th-230 and from 8.3 to 52.3 Bq/kg for Ra-226. In the p
resentation\, the obtained values are discussed in detail and compared wit
h results of similar investigations carried out elsewhere.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/167/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/167/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparation of [48V]TiO2 labelled nanopartic
les for biokinetics studies.
DTSTART:20100422T090000Z
DTEND:20100422T091500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-168@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sonia Ramirez-Garcia (Centre for BioNano Interaction
s\, University College Dublin)\, Kenneth Dawson (Centre for BioNano Intera
ctions\, University College Dublin)\, Alexander Wenk (Institute of Lung Bi
ology and Disease\, Helmholtz Centre Munich)\, Manuela Semmler-Behnke (In
stitute of Lung Biology and Disease\, Helmholtz Centre Munich)\, Wolfgang
Kreyling (Institute of Lung Biology and Disease\, Helmholtz Centre Munic
h)\, Uwe Holzwarth (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Izabela Cy
dzik (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Federica Simonelli (Euro
pean Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Kamel Abbas (European Commission\,
IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\, Neil Gibson (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Isp
ra)\, Ján Kozempel (European Commission\, IHCP - JRC\, Ispra)\n\nEngineer
ed nanoparticles are of current interest in many applications (e.g. indust
ry\, medicine\, energy). As they are produced in ever higher quantities\,
the need to assess their biokinetics and toxicity becomes more and more im
portant. The aim of this study was to prepare stable\, radiolabelled bioav
ailable TiO2 nanoparticles to assess their in vivo biokinetics. The prepar
ation of [48V]TiO2 nanoparticles by direct proton irradiation is described
. \nIrradiations were performed on the Scanditronix MC-40 cyclotron at JRC
Ispra\, Italy with a 5 μA proton beam of 23.5 MeV energy. After 16 hours
irradiation\, a commercial sample of TiO2 (ST-01\, Ishihara Corp. Japan)
yielded approx. 40 MBq of 48V activity at EOB. Half of the irradiated mate
rial was processed two weeks after EOB to size-select and purify the label
led nanoparticles from free 48V by centrifugation and filtration. This yie
lded 855 kBq of final suspension of fine [48V]TiO2 labeled nanoparticles (
Z average = 105 nm) without free 48V. In vivo results in a rat model indic
ated good 48V label stability with less than 1% of the administered dose e
liminated by renal excretion\, compared to ionic 48V with approximately 50
% renal clearance.\n\nAcknowledgement: This work is funded by the European
Commission’s 7th Framework Programme\, ”NeuroNano” project (contrac
t NMP4-SL-2008-214547)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/168/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/168/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiosynthesis of 6-[18F]fluoro-3\,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-
alanine using acetonitrile as a solvent
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-170@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rujaporn Chanachai (National Cyclotron and PET Centr
e\, Chulabhorn Cancer Centre\, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway\, Laksi\, Bangkok
10210\, Thailand)\, Pattanapong Kongsakorn (National Cyclotron and PET Ce
ntre\, Chulabhorn Cancer Centre\, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway\, Laksi\, Bang
kok 10210\, Thailand)\, Jiradanai Sarasamkan (National Cyclotron and PET C
entre\, Chulabhorn Cancer Centre\, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway\, Laksi\, Ban
gkok 10210\, Thailand)\, Akkapob Ngamlamiad (National Cyclotron and PET Ce
ntre\, Chulabhorn Cancer Centre\, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway\, Laksi\, Bang
kok 10210\, Thailand)\, Supaporn Sawadjoon (National Cyclotron and PET Cen
tre\, Chulabhorn Cancer Centre\, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway\, Laksi\, Bangk
ok 10210\, Thailand)\n\n6-[18F]Fluoro-3\,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine (6-[1
8F]fluoro-L-DOPA) is an analog of L-DOPA and it is used for studying metab
olism of dopamine function in humans with Positron Emission Tomography. Th
erefore\, the need for reliable and simple production of this tracer had l
ed to the improvement of the routine production. Various electrophilic and
nucleophilic methods for the synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical have b
een reported in past two decades. Nowadays\, the electrophilic fluorodeme
talation has been preferred as a reliable and simple method especially via
fluorodestannylation that is stereoselective and gives a good radiochemic
al yield [1]. Freon 11 is widely used as a solvent to dissolve a precursor
in the radiofluorination step. Because the solvent depletes ozone\, it i
s important to use deuterated chloroform instead of Freon 11 [2]. However\
, this solvent is a carcinogen\, therefore\, it would be advantageous for
occupational health to use acetonitrile instead of chloroform\, because ac
etonitrile is a less hazardous solvent. [18F]F2 was produced by the nuclea
r reaction 20Ne(d\,α)18F with 8.4 MeV deuterons from GE PETtrace cyclotro
n. The delivery line of [18F]F2 was flushed with 1% F2 in neon before irra
diation. The [18F]F2 was released from target gas after the bombardment (1
hr\, 40 µA) to TRACERlab FX-FDOPA module that was used for the synthesis
of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA. N-(Formyl)-3\,4-di(tert-butoxycarbonyloxy)-6-(t
rimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester (45 mg) was dissolved in 5 mL
of acetonitrile at 5°C. The solution was bubbled with [18F]F2 for 6 min.
The solvent was evaporated at 80°C in vacuum system. 2 mL of 5 M HCl was
added to the residue at 130°C for 10 min. 2 mL of 112 mM acetate buffer
was added to the residue after the reaction vessel was cooled down to 40°
C. The solution was purified by HPLC on two reversed phase C18 column usin
g the acetate buffer as an eluent. The fractions eluted from the column we
re monitored by UV absorption at 280 nm and γ radioactivity. The fraction
of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA was sterilized by filtration through a 0.22 μm m
embrane filter. The final product was analyzed by HPLC\, GC\, pH meter\, d
ose calibrator and limulus amebocyte lysate test prior to human use. An ov
erall radiochemical yield obtained from this synthesis was 10.52% (decay-c
orrected) and radiochemical purity was >99%. The total synthesis time was
about 45 min. The pH was around 4. The radiochemical purity and the specif
ic activity were greater than 99% and 800 mCi/mmole\, respectively. Altho
ugh the radioactivity decreased during the evaporation step of the solvent
\, the sufficient amounts of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA can be produced for clin
ical use. In conclusion\, the reproducibility and simplicity of the produc
tion of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA were improved for a routine production by usi
ng acetonitrile as a solvent.\nReferences\n(1) de Vries E.F.J. et al.\, Ap
pl. Radiat. Isot. 1999\; 51: 389-394.\n(2) Füchtner F. et al.\, Nuklearme
dizin 2008\; 47: 62-64.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributio
ns/170/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/170/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Thermodynamic study on the U(VI) complexation with “aliphatic”
and “aromatic” di-carboxylic acids by micro-calorimetry
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-171@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nobuaki Sato (Institute of Multidisciplinary Researc
h for Advanced Materials\, Tohoku University)\, Akira Kirishima (Institute
of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials\, Tohoku University)
\n\nThe thermodynamics of complex formation of U(VI) with oxydiacetic acid
(ODA)\, thiodiacetic acid (TDA)\, iminodiacetic acid (IDA)\, isopthalic a
cid (IPA)\, 2\,5-frandicarboxylic acid (FDA) and dipicolinic acid (DPA) we
re studied by the micro-calorimetric titration technique. So far\, extensi
ve data on stability constant have been obtained and summarized in databas
es for a variety of combinations of actinide ions and complexants which co
uld be found in the geosphere to predict the migration behavior of actinid
es in deep underground for the safety assessment of radioactive waste disp
osal. However\, enthalpy and entropy data of actinide elements are scarce
in comparison with stability constants. These data are indispensable not o
nly for understanding of the reaction mechanism but also for the estimatio
n of stability constants at elevated temperatures outside the range of 20-
30 °C by the extrapolation from those at a room temperature with using th
ermodynamic models. Following our previous study reporting thermodynamic d
ata (ΔG\, ΔH and ΔS) of complexation of 8 di-carboxylates with U(VI) [1
]\, this paper presents the thermodynamic quantities of U(VI) complexation
with three “aliphatic” di-acetic acids and three “aromatic” di-ac
etic acids. Those ligands have a different center atom between two carboxy
lic groups\, i.e.\, oxygen for ODA and FDA\, sulfur for TDA and nitrogen f
or IDA and DPA\, which may coordinate with a metal cation. The obtained th
ermodynamic quantities are compared with those of U(VI) complexation with
glutaric acid (GA) for the discussion of the effect of structural differen
ce\, i.e.\, aliphatic- and aromatic structure and types of central atom in
the ligands on the complex formation thermodynamics. \nFrom the thermodyn
amic quantities\, i.e.\, ΔG\, ΔH and ΔS determined by the potentiometri
c and calorimetric titration techniques\, it is indicated that these react
ions are mainly driven by the entropy change while the enthalpy change is
not promoting the progress of the reaction. The ΔG\, ΔH and ΔS of 1:1 I
DA complex show remarkable difference from those of GA complex\, while tho
se of ODA and TDA complex are almost equal to those of GA complex. ΔG of
1:1 IDA complex with U(VI) was 30 kJ/mol larger than that of GA complex\,
which is generally referred to the chelate effect of the ligand. Our calor
imetric measurement has revealed that this “chelate effect” should be
ascribed to the “entropy effect” since the entropy change (T*ΔS) of I
DA complex was 50 kJ/mol larger than that of GA complex. The origin of thi
s large entropy effect is discussed in the presentation with the help of s
tructural information of the complex calculated using density functional t
heory (DFT).\n\n[1] A. Kirishima\, Y. Onishi\, N. Sato and O. Tochiyama\,
Radiochim. Acta 96 (2008) 581–589.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/
1/contributions/171/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/171/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiochemical measurement of cross sections for the production of
the therapeutic radionuclide 193mPt
DTSTART:20100420T041500Z
DTEND:20100420T043000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-173@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Syed M. Qaim (Institut für Neurowissenschaften und
Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich\, D-52425 Jüli
ch\, Germany)\, Heinz H. Coenen (Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Med
izin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich\, D-52425 Jülich\
, Germany)\, Sandor Sudar (Institute of Experimental Physics\, Debrecen Un
iversity\, H-4001 Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Alex Hermanne (Cyclotron Laborator
y\, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)\, B-1090 Brussels\, Belgium)\, Bernha
rd Scholten (Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklea
rchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich\, D-52425 Jülich\, Germany)\, Md. Shu
za Uddin (Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearch
emie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich\, D-52425 Jülich\, Germany)\n\nThe radio
nuclide 193mPt (T1/2 = 4.33 d)\, a high spin isomer\, decaying by highly
converted isomeric transition\, emits about 33 Auger electrons per decay.
It is of great potential interest in internal radiotherapy because of its
suitable decay properties and platinum-complexes (like cis-platin and othe
rs) used in chemotherapy\, i.e.\, potent antitumor agents. In order to avo
id side effects of chemotherapy\, it is advisable to use this radionuclide
in the same chemical complex with high specific activity. So far the spec
ific activity of 193mPt produced has been rather low due to the use of th
e 192Pt(n\,γ) process at a reactor. In a recent study\, the 192Os(α\,3n)
reaction was measured up to 28 MeV [1]. The aim of the present work was t
o establish reliable and reproducible chemical preparation of thin targets
from highly enriched osmium and to extend the measurement of excitation f
unction of the 192Os(α\,3n) reaction up to 35 MeV\, where the optimum ene
rgy range was expected\, and to increase the yield and the specific activi
ty of the 193mPt at a cyclotron.\n We optimized the dissolution and c
onversion of osmium to osmium tetroxide vapor and trapping in KOH solution
\, the electrolytic preparation of thin target samples of highly enriched
192Os on Ni\, and the complete radiochemical separation of radioplatinum.\
n The excitation function of the 192Os(α\,3n)193mPt reaction was me
asured from 26 MeV to 39 MeV using the conventional stacked-foil activatio
n technique. Several stacks containing 99.65 % enriched 192Os targets and
thin Ti and Cu foils were irradiated by 40 MeV α-particle beam of about 1
00 nA for 2 h at the Brussels Cyclotron. The Ti-nat(α\,X)51Cr reaction in
duced in the Ti foil was used to monitor the incident beam intensity. Afte
r complete separation of radioplatinum\, the radioactivity of 193mPt was
measured by X-ray spectrometry using the Pt X-ray line of 66.8 keV. The m
easured count rates were converted to decay rates by correcting for the X-
ray intensities\, self absorption in the source\, and the efficiency of th
e detector using the well known formula\; thereafter the nuclear reaction
cross section was calculated. The cross section of the 192Os(α\,3n)193mPt
reaction reaches a value of about 1.5 b at the maximum at about 35 MeV.
It was also calculated theoretically using the compound-precompound nucle
ar model codes TALYS and STAPRE. The calculated values are consistent with
the measured data. The optimum production of the 193mPt radionuclide by
this method was found in the energy range 30 - 38 MeV\; the integral yield
of 193mPt being about 40 times higher than that in the energy region bel
ow 28 MeV [1]. The results provide basic information on the production of
high-quality 193mPt for therapeutic application. Tests on impurity\, the
yield and specific activity are underway.\n\nReference\n [1] K. Hilgers
\, H.H. Coenen and S.M. Qaim. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 66\, 545-551 (2008).\n\n
https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/173/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/173/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 90Sr and 210Pb in deer bone
samples by liquid scintillation counting after ionic exchange procedures
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-175@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Norbert Kandler (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry\,
University of Vienna)\, Gabriele Wallner (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
\, University of Vienna)\, Gabriela Wallova (Institute of Inorganic Chemis
try\, University of Vienna)\n\nEnvironmental monitoring of hazardous radio
nuclides is an important issue. 90Sr can be found in the environment due t
o the global fallout from atmospheric nuclear explosions and the Chernobyl
accident in 1986. It is one of the most hazardous fission products due to
its chemical similarity with calcium\, because it can be accumulated in b
one tissue delivering irradiation doses to the bone marrow.\n210Pb is a na
turally occurring radionuclide which also accumulates in bones. If these t
wo nuclides are measured\, a natural and an anthropogenic activity concent
ration can be compared for the respective samples. Deer bone samples were
selected as a feasible environmental contamination indicator.\nThis work d
escribes different procedures for the isolation of 90Sr and 210Pb from dee
r bones by anion exchange methods and their sequential measurement. The ai
m was to obtain pure 90Sr and 210Pb spectra in order to avoid spectrum dec
onvolution procedures.\nTo prevent collection of Pb on the Sr•Spec® res
in we first separated Pb on a Dowex anion exchange column. Sr\, which is n
ot held back on the Dowex column\, was then purified using Sr•Spec® res
in: first Ca and the Ra isotopes were eluted with 3M HNO3 and then Sr was
eluted with distilled water. With this two-step procedure of lead separati
on on Dowex followed by Sr purification on Sr•Spec®\, pure 210Pb and 90
Sr spectra can be achieved by liquid scintillation counting of the respect
ive eluting solutions. The chemical yield of both steps was determined by
ICP-MS. Our results of re-measured samples show satisfying agreement with
data obtained by a modified Sr•Spec® method and also by the “classica
l” 90Sr determination using fuming nitric acid.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.c
vut.cz/event/1/contributions/175/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/175/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solvent extraction studies for the separation of radioarsenic\, ra
diogermanium and radiogallium
DTSTART:20100422T081500Z
DTEND:20100422T083000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-176@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heinz H. Coenen (Institut für Neurowissenschaften u
nd Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH\, D-524
25 Jülich\, Germany)\, Syed M. Qaim (Institut für Neurowissenschaften un
d Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH\, D-5242
5 Jülich\, Germany)\, Ingo Spahn (Institut für Neurowissenschaften und M
edizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH\, D-52425 J
ülich\, Germany)\, Bernhard SCholten (Institut für Neurowissenschaften u
nd Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH\, D-524
25 Jülich\, Germany)\, Mohamed Shehata (Institut für Neurowissenschaften
und Medizin\, INM-5: Nuklearchemie\, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH\, D-5
2425 Jülich\, Germany)\n\nSolvent extraction techniques were developed to
separate As-72 from bulk amounts of proton-irradiated germanium dioxide t
argets\, Ge-68 from proton-irradiated gallium(III) oxide targets and Ga-68
from parent Ge-68.\nSeveral methods have been reported to isolate arsenic
radionuclides from irradiated Ge and germanium dioxide targets [1\,2]. In
this work the germanium dioxide target\, irradiated with 17 MeV protons\,
was dissolved in either HCl or KOH. Then the ratio of As(III) to As(V) w
as determined via thin layer chromatography using Si-60 phase plate as a s
tationary phase and a mixture of sodium bitartrate/methanol in the ratio
of 3:1 as the mobile phase. Our separation method utilizes the observation
that arsenic (III) can be extracted selectively and quantitatively by cyc
lohexane from hydrochloric acid solution containing alkali iodide [1]. The
influence of concentrations of different acids and of KI as well as the e
ffect of various organic solvents was investigated. Optimally\, the extrac
tion of As(III) into cyclohexane occurred with 4.75 M HCl and 0.5 M KI\, a
nd its back-extraction into the aqueous phase with water containing 0.1 %
hydrogen peroxide. The overall radiochemical yield of the radioarsenic sep
aration was about 95±2 %. The method was used in the separation of high p
urity As-72\, a potentially useful positron emitter\, formed via the Ge-72
(p\,n)-reaction. \nAn optimised method of separation of the radionuclide
Ge-69\, used as a tracer in gallium /germanium separation studies\, was wo
rked out. The gallium (III) oxide target\, irradiated with 17 MeV protons\
, was dissolved in 8 M sulphuric acid and used as a stock solution. To an
aliquot HCl was added and its concentration adjusted to 0.4 M in order to
transfer germanium to the chloride form. With this the extraction of radi
ogermanium using toluene was then studied at varying concentrations of H2
SO4. From a solution of 8 M sulphuric acid and 0.4 M HCl the extraction wa
s maximum. Using the optimised separation\, the radionuclide Ge-68\, forme
d via the Ga-69 (p\,2n)-reaction\, was separated from a gallium (III) oxid
e target irradiated with 45 MeV protons.\nFurther on\, the separation of G
a-68 from the parent Ge-68 was investigated. The method is based on anio
n exchange solvent extraction using Aliquat 336 in xylene from hydrochlori
c acid [3]. Aliquat 336 in xylene has been used for the first time for sep
arations involving radiogallium and radiogermanium. Optimisation studies w
ere related to the influence of HCl concentration and different solvents.
The solvent extraction using Aliquat 336 in xylene led to a high separatio
n yield of 68Ga from its parent Ge-68. The time of separation was short wi
th about 20 min\, the contamination from Ge-68 was less than 0.1 % and the
final product was obtained in 0.5 M KOH. \n\nReferences\n[1] S. Mirzadeh
and R. M. Lambrecht\, J. Radioanal. Chem.\, 202 (1996) 7-102.\n[2] M. Jenn
ewein\, S. M. Qaim\, A. Hermanne\, et. al\, Appl. Rad. Isot.\, 63 (2005)
343-351.\n[3] S. K. Sahoo\, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.\, 64 (1991) 2484-2487.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/176/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/176/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption behaviour of contaminants in soils: pH and humic acid eff
ects on sorption of on CEC of clay soils and minerals\, and the mobility o
f Cd\, Cs\, Ni and Sr.
DTSTART:20100422T050000Z
DTEND:20100422T051500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-177@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: OLANREWAJU ANJOLAIYA (LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY)\n\nTh
e aim of this study is to use predictive modelling to understand and calcu
late the sorption behaviour of radionuclide contaminants in complex enviro
nments such as clay-based soils. The effects of Natural Organic Matter (NO
M) on the Cation Exchange Capacities (CEC) of different characterised clay
soils (St Bees & Mercia Mudstones\, Boom clay & London clay) and their co
nstituent clay minerals will be determined by ‘doping’ the samples wit
h varying amounts of purified Humic Acid (not exceeding 15%) and measuring
the changes in CEC. \n\nThis will be followed by an assessment of how NOM
affects the mobility of radionuclides (Cadmium-109\, Caesium-137\, Nickel
-63 & Strontium-85) through the materials using column and batch technique
s. The experiments will be repeated with each of the constituent clay mine
rals (montmorillonite\, kaolinite\, illite\, chlorite & bentonite) present
in the soils using batch techniques\, and the results obtained used to im
prove the understanding of the separate effects of each mineral on the ove
rall sorption behaviour of the soils. This will lead to testing to determi
ne if the Additivity Principle holds for these systems. \n\nRadiometric Te
chniques & Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-O
ES) will be employed in the quantification of radionuclide speciation betw
een the phases\, and the samples will be characterised by SEM and XRD with
the assistance of BGS.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributio
ns/177/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/177/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Novel solid-phase extractants for radionuclide preconcentration
DTSTART:20100422T083000Z
DTEND:20100422T084500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-178@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Boris Myasoedov (Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry
and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences)\, Nadezhda Moloc
hnikova (Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of R
ussian Academy of Sciences)\, Galina Myasoedova (Vernadsky Institute of Ge
ochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences)\, Olga
Mokhodoeva (Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry
of Russian Academy of Sciences)\n\nPreconcentration of radionuclides is a
necessary stage for their accurate determination in aqueous natural and te
chnological solutions. Sorption methods are the most perspective for selec
tive recovery and separation of radionuclides from other elements. Various
sorption materials containing complexing groups have been widely applied
due to their selectivity and high degree of recovery. It is especially imp
ortant for radionuclide preconcentration from high salinity nitric acid so
lutions generated under the reprocessing of spent nuclear materials.\nThe
solid-phase extractants have gained considerable attention for preconcentr
ation of trace elements. Special interest is given to the solid-phase extr
actants prepared by non-covalent immobilization of ligands on the surface
of solid supports. For actinide and lanthanide preconcentration some organ
ophosphorus and other ligands (tri-n-butylphosphate\, carbamoylmethylphosp
hine oxide\, malonamides\, amines\, macrocyclic compounds\, etc.) have bee
n widely used. These reagents are usually immobilized on silica-based matr
ices\, polystyrene and polyacrylate polymers and other supports.\nIn the p
resent work we used ionic liquids and various ligands as reagents for immo
bilization and the most perspective solid supports to prepare the novel so
lid-phase extractants designed for radionuclide preconcentration.\nThe abi
lity of ionic liquids to be kept on solid surfaces and to reveal ion-excha
nge and complexing properties makes possible the synthesis of novel type s
olid-phase extractants. We prepared the solid-phase extractants by the non
-covalent immobilization of tetraalkyl phosphonium and 1-alkyl-3-methyl im
idazolium ionic liquids with different anions and studied their sorption p
roperties. The matrices with large surface and high sorption ability were
chosen as supports: multi-walled carbon nanotubes\, highly cross-linked po
lystyrene\, Amberlite XAD-7 and polyacrylonitrile fiber. The conditions of
ionic liquid immobilization and radionuclide recovery were determined. Th
e application of prepared solid-phase extractants for preconcentration of
actinides\, rare earth elements and radiopalladium from 1-3M nitric acid s
olutions was demonstrated.\nSpecial attention was being paid to the use of
carbon nanotubes as a support for solid-phase extractant preparation. Car
bon nanotubes have come under intense multidisciplinary study due to their
unique physical and chemical properties\, which make them attractive for
myriad uses including radiochemistry. The features of nanostructure and la
rge surface ensure high sorption ability of carbon nanotubes and the possi
bility for their modification. We prepared the solid-phase extractants on
the base of multi-walled carbon nanotubes “Taunit”® (Russia) modified
with ionic liquids and various ligands. Experimental data have shown high
efficiency of the novel solid-phase extractants for radionuclide preconce
ntration from nitric acid solutions.\n\nThe work was supported by the Russ
ian Foundation for Basic Research (project 08-03-00766).\n\nReference:\n1.
Myasoedova G. V.\, Molochnikova N. P.\, Mokhodoeva O. B.\, Myasoedov B. F
.: Anal. Sci. 24\, 1351 (2008).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/con
tributions/178/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/178/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Joint determination of 99Tc and 108mAg in L/
ILW liquid wastes
DTSTART:20100422T030000Z
DTEND:20100422T031500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-236@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tamás Pintér (Paks Nuclear Power Plant)\, Magdolna
Mogyorósi (Nuclear Research Institute\, Hungary)\, Zoltán Szűcs (Nucle
ar Research Institute\, Hungary)\, Árpád Bihari (Nuclear Research Instit
ute\, Hungary)\n\nThe low- and intermediate-level liquid wastes produced b
y the Paks Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) contain routinely measureable gamma-e
mitting (e.g. Mn-54\, Co-60\, Ag-110m\, and Cs-137) as well as many so-cal
led “difficult-to-measure” isotopes. Despite of their low specific act
ivity compared to the total\, the reliable determination of these isotopes
is an important issue of nuclear waste management. The increasing amount
of waste samples to be qualified yearly by our laboratory put a pressure o
n revising the existing procedure of Tc-99 separation applied. We have man
aged to halve the initial amount of the sample required to achieve the sam
e level of MDA of technetium. Furthermore\, one of the new purifying steps
introduced have proved to be able to separate Ag-108m (and Ag-110m) bette
r than 99% keeping the Tc-99 content of the product almost intact. As inte
nded\, this new procedure has a major impact on the chemical reagent as we
ll as the electricity requirement of the separation making it more cost-ef
fective.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/236/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/236/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Characterization of abandoned contaminated Valongo mining area at
Portugal\, by INAA
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-179@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Carlos Pinto-Gomes (University of Évora (Institute
of Mediterranean Agrarian Sciences – ICAM))\, Ho Manh Dung (Instituto Te
cnologico e Nuclear)\, Hossain Md Anawar (Instituto Tecnologico e Nuclear)
\, Isabel Dionisio (Instituto Tecnologico e Nuclear)\, Maria do Carmo Frei
tas (Instituto Tecnologico e Nuclear)\, Nuno Canha (Instituto Tecnológico
e Nuclear)\n\nAt Sao Domingos mining (southern Portugal near Spanish bord
er)\, we have collected soils and vascular plants growing there 1-3. The v
alues we found for arsenic in soils were between 400 and 3600 mg/kg. All t
he plants we could find growing there were: Agrostis castellana Boiss. & R
euter\; Corrigiola litoralis L.\; Erica andevalensis Cabezudo & Rivera\; E
rica australis L.\; Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.\; Genista polyanthos R
. Roem. ex Willk.\; Juncus acutus L.\; Nerium oleander L.\; Nicotiana glau
ca R.C. Graham\; Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Coss.\; Rumex scutatus L. subs
p. Induratus. The maximum values we have found for arsenic transfer from s
oil to these vascular plants was 0.3%\, which is not sufficient to bioreme
diation purposes\, i.e.\, seeding one of the plants in the arsenic contami
nated area would not results in a large amount of arsenic removed from the
soil. Therefore\, we went to other mine (Valongo mine\, northern Portugal
\, near Oporto) and we collected again soil and vascular plants which exis
ted there. Soil results pointed out arsenic values up to 0.6%. The vascula
r plants which we found there are: Agrostis curtisii Kerguélen\; Agrostis
fouilladei P. Fourn.\; Amanita caesarea Scop.\; Digitalis purpurea L.\; E
rica australis L. subsp. aragonensis (Willk.) Cout.\; Erica cinerea L.\; J
uncus conglomeratus L.\; Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn\; Pterospartum trid
entatum (L.) Willk. subsp. cantabricum (Spach) Talavera & P.E.\; Ulex mino
r Roth. We also collected some moss samples and water from the wells and s
mall river of the area\, to compare with previous water sampling at Sao Do
mingos mine\, where we found arsenic values between 0.006 and 1.78 mg/L. T
he aim of this work it to determine arsenic (and other chemical elements)
in the mosses and vascular plants collected at Valongo mine\, by neutron a
ctivation analysis\, in order to determine the transfer coefficients betwe
en soil and mosses or vascular plants and eventually find the suitable bio
rremediator for Sao Domingos mine. \n\nReferences:\n1. Freitas M. C.\, Pac
heco A. M. G.\, Anawar H. M.\, Dionísio I.\, Dung H. M.\, Canha N.\, Bett
encourt A.\, Henriques F.\, Pinto-Gomes C. J.\, Capelo S.: J. Radioanal. N
ucl. Chem. 282\, 21 (2009).\n2. Anawar H. M.\, Freitas M. C.\, N. Canha N.
: 5th International Workshop on Biomonitoring of Air Pollution (BioMAP-5).
Buenos Aires\, Argentina\, 20-24 September 2009.\n3. Landsberger S.\, Rob
inson S.\, Freitas M. C.\, Canha N.\, Pacheco A. M. G.\, Anawar H. M.: 5th
International Workshop on Biomonitoring of Air Pollution (BioMAP-5). Buen
os Aires\, Argentina\, 20-24 September 2009.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.c
z/event/1/contributions/179/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/179/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Technology of DTPA conjugatation immunoglobulins and their labelin
g with 90Y and 177Lu radionuclides
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-180@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marie Reková (student)\n\nModel study of the γ-imm
unoglobulin G (Human or Bovine IgG\, polyclonal antibodies) and bifunction
al chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dianhydride (cDTPAA)
conjugation was carried out. Various values of the cDTPAA/antibody conjug
ation ratio (15/1\, 40/1\, 105/1\, 125/1 and 250/1) and the weight concent
ration of IgG 10\, 5 and 1 mg mL-1 in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.3
) and 0.1 mol L-1 carbonate buffer (pH 8.5) were used. Further\, the label
ing conditions of the DTPA-IgG conjugate by radionuclides 90Y and 177Lu we
re optimized and the labeling yield\, the conjugate degrees of prepared ra
dionuclide-DTPA-IgG conjugates were determined.\nThe DTPA-MEM-97 (monoclon
al antibody) was another tested conjugation system.\nThis system was inves
tigated at above-mentioned conjugation ratio of the cDTPAA/antibody and 2.
5 mg mL-1 MEM-97 (the weight concentration) in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffe
r and 0.1 mol L-1 carbonate buffer. \nIncubation time of the immunoglobuli
n conjugation\, analogous to the monoclonal antibody MEM-97\, was obtained
after 30 minutes from mixing of individual components.\nThe labeling yiel
d of radionuclide-DTPA-antibody conjugate higher than 80 % was achieved. H
igher values of conjugation degree of radionuclide-DTPA-antibody conjugate
were achieved in 0.1 mol L-1 carbonate buffer\, pH 8.5. It follows that t
he 0.1 mol L-1 carbonate buffer is suitable for the studied conjugation sy
stems. This study has shown that the labeling yield as well as the conjuga
tion degree of tested systems depend on the amount of antibody substance\,
on the bifunctional chelating agent/antibody conjugation ratio and on pH
value of buffer in which the conjugation was carried out.\n\nThis research
was supported by projects of the Ministry of Education\, Youth and Sports
of the Czech Republic under the project MSM 6046137307.\n\nhttps://indico
.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/180/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/180/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Structures of hydrated and hydrolyzed thorium(IV) determined by EX
AFS and LAXS
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-181@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Lundberg (Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences)\, Lars Eriksson (Stockholm University)\, Ingmar Persson (Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences)\, Natallia Torapava (Swedish Univers
ity of Agricultural Sciences)\n\nThe hydrated thorium(IV) ion is nine-coor
dinate in strongly acidic aqueous solution with a mean Th-O bond distance
of 2.45(1) Å as determined by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (E
XAFS) and large angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) [1]. The presence of a secon
d hydration sphere was indicated by LAXS with cca 18 water molecules at 4.
66(2) Å. Structural studies in aqueous solution of the hydrolysis product
s of thorium(IV) identified three different types of hydrolysis species: a
μ2O-hydroxo dimer\, [Th2(OH)2(H2O)12]6+\, a μ2O-hydroxo tetramer\, [Th4
(OH)8(H2O)16]8+\, and a μ3O-oxo hexamer\, [Th6O8(H2O)n]8+. Strongly acidi
c solutions are required to stabilize the hydrated thorium(IV) ion. With i
ncreasing concentration and pH thorium(IV) hydrolyzes\, first\, to a dimer
with double hydroxo bridges\, then to a tetramer with the thorium(IV) ion
s forming a diamond (represented by two dimers merged together) [1]. Final
ly\, at pH value close to precipitation of thorium(IV) oxide/hydroxide\, a
hexamer is formed with the thorium atoms forming a rhomboctahedron. Poten
tiometric studies suggested a hexamer composition [Th6(OH)x(H2O)n]24-x\, x
= 14 or 15[2]. However\, the rhomboctahedral structure prevents for steri
cal reasons such a large number of hydroxide groups to be bound. Instead 7
-8 oxo groups are bound to thorium ions as from proton activity point of v
iew 16 hydroxo groups are equivalent to 8 oxo groups\, making it impossibl
e to distinguish between e.g. Th6(OH)168+ and Th6O88+ complexes. A compil
ation of reported solid state structures of actinoid(IV) compounds with ox
ygen donor ligands show a strong correlation between the An-O bond distanc
e and the coordination number [1]. EXAFS studies of uranium(IV)\, neptuniu
m(IV) and plutonium(IV) ions in aqueous solution have reported accurate An
-O bond distance\, but the coordination numbers were less accurate and oft
en overestimated. The hydrated tetravalent actinoid ions in aqueous soluti
on all seem to be nine-coordinated [1].\n\nReferences:\n1. Torapava\, N.\,
Persson\, I.\, Eriksson\, L.\, Lundberg\, D.: Inorg. Chem. 48\, 11712 (20
09)\n2. Rand\, M.\, Fuger\, J.\, Grenthe\, I.\, Neck\, V.\, Rai\, D.: Chem
ical Thermodynamics of Thorium\, Eds. Mompean\, F. J.\, Perrone\, J.\, Ill
emassène\, M.\, OECD Nuclear Agency Agency\, Data Bank\, F-92130 Issy-les
-Moulineaux\, France\, North Holland Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.\, A
msterdam\, The Netherlands 2008\, and references therein.\n\nhttps://indic
o.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/181/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/181/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiometric determination of enzyme activities\, exemplified by se
veral key enzymes of thyroid hormone metabolism
DTSTART:20100422T103000Z
DTEND:20100422T104500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-182@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stanislav Pavelka (Dept. of Radiometry\, Inst. of Ph
ysiolgy\, ASCR Prague\; and Inst. of Biochemistry\, Masaryk Univ. Brno\,
Czech Rep.)\n\nRadiometric enzyme assays are based on the conversion of ra
dio-labeled substrates to labeled products\, and on the measurement of rad
ioactivity of either products or residual substrate after their quantitati
ve separation. In the present studies\, we aimed to establish valid assay
conditions for radiometric determination of the activities of several enz
ymes\, which are involved in the metabolism of thyroid hormones (TH): Thyr
oid peroxidase (TPO)\, the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of TH in the thy
roid gland\, and uridinediphospho-glucuronyl-transferase (UDPGT) and iodot
hyronine sulfotransferases (ST)\, the enzymes responsible for biotransform
ations of TH in peripheral tissues. Further\, with the aid of such develop
ed assays\, we attempted to follow the effects of some exogenous substance
s - bromide and perchlorate ions as supposed goitrogenic agents\, and an a
ntidepressant drug fluoxetine (Prozac) - on the metabolism of TH in the ra
t.\nThe procedure of the radiometric assay for TPO in vitro was based on t
he ability of TPO to oxidize [131I]-iodide in the presence of H2O2\, gener
ated in situ by glucose oxidase\, and to catalyze subsequent iodination of
specific tyrosyl residues in the added thyroglobulin. The measure of TPO
activity in microsomal fractions of the thyroids was the amount of radio-i
odine incorporated into thyroglobulin. This was determined either after TL
C separation of the incubated samples\, or simply after precipitation of r
adio-labeled protein and measurement of 131I radioactivity in separated fr
actions.\nIn the radiometric assay for UDPGT in rat liver microsomes\, the
rate of conjugation of phenolic group of L-3\,3'\,5'-[125I]-triiodothyron
ine ([125I]-rT3) with glucuronic acid\, which was catalyzed by UDPGT was m
easured. Reaction mixtures\, containing uridinediphospho-glucuronic acid\,
the substrate [125I]-rT3 and samples of microsomes\, were analyzed after
the incubation by chromatography on micro-columns of lipophilic Sephadex L
H-20.\nThe basis for radiometric determination of ST activity in liver cyt
osolic fractions was the transfer of sulfonate moiety from the "active sul
fate"\, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate\, to the substrate [125I]-rT
3. The extent of conversion was determined after the separation of the sul
fated product from the unmodified [125I]-rT3\, again by Sephadex LH-20 chr
omatography.\nWith the use of the described radiometric assay for TPO\, we
found that the influence of exogenous bromide on the TPO activity in the
rat thyroids was biphasic\, with regard to the extent of bromide intake in
the animals. Administration of fluoxetine alone caused a significant (abo
ut 2-fold) increase in UDPGT activity. In contrast\, the radiometric deter
mination of ST did not demonstrate any significant effects of the applicat
ion to the rats of fluoxetine alone\, or together with T3\, on the inducti
on of these enzyme activities. \n \nAcknowledgments: This work was s
upported by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Research projec
t No. AV0Z50110509)\, by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (
Research project No. MSM0021622413) and by the Czech Science Foundation (G
rant No. 304/08/0256).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/182/
LOCATION:Mirror (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/182/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiometric enzyme assays: Development of methods for extremely se
nsitive determination of types 1\, 2 and 3 iodothyronine deiodinase enzyme
activities
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-183@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stanislav Pavelka (Dept. of Radiometry\, Inst. of Ph
ysiolgy\, ASCR Prague\; and Inst. of Biochemistry\, Masaryk Univ. Brno\,
Czech Rep.)\n\nWe elaborated novel\, reliable methods for extremely sensit
ive radiometric determination of enzyme activities of iodothyronine deiodi
nases (IDs) of types 1\, 2 and 3 in microsomal fractions of different rat
and human tissues\, as well as in homogenates of cultured mammalian cells.
These enzymes catalyze selective 5’- (outer ring) and 5- (inner ring) m
onodeiodinations of iodothyronines and play crucial roles in the biotransf
ormations of thyroid hormones (TH). The newly developed radiometric assays
for IDs were based on the use of appropriate high-specific-radioactivity
125I-labeled iodothyronines as substrates\; high-performance TLC separatio
n of radioactive products from the unconsumed substrates\; film-less autor
adiography of radio-chromatograms using storage phosphor screens\; and qua
ntification of the separated compounds with a BAS-5000 (Fujifilm Life Scie
nce Co.) laser scanner. This methodology enabled us to determine IDs enzym
e activities in the range as low as 10-18 katals.\nFor the proper measurem
ent of the individual IDs enzyme activities\, we found out first the optim
um assay conditions\, including the concentrations of the respective radio
actively labeled substrates\, appropriate concentrations of thiol cofactor
\, the amount of total protein and enzyme concentration in the incubation
mixtures\, and suitable incubation times. Further\, we demonstrated the ap
plicability of our sophisticated methods by following the alterations of I
Ds activities induced in cultured rat astroglial cells by a series of puri
nergic agonists\, retinoic acid\, and their combination. In the case of AT
P as a representative of purinergic agonists\, we determined also time-cou
rse and dose-response curves to characterize in more details the induction
of each type of deiodinase by purines.\nThe introduced radiometric assays
proved to be very sensitive and rapid and\, at the same time\, reliable a
nd robust.\n \nAcknowledgments: This work was supported by the Ministry
of Education of the Czech Republic (Research project No. MSM0021622413)\,
by the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Research project No. AV
0Z50110509) and by the Czech Science Foundation (Grant No. 304/08/0256).\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/183/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/183/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparison of bifunctional chelates for Ga radioisotopes
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-184@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Donald Yapp (BC Cancer Agency)\, Michael Woods (Univ
ersity of Victoria)\, Garry Kiefer (Macrocyclics Inc.)\, Paul Jurek (Macro
cyclics Inc.)\, Katharina Guenther (MDS Nordion)\, Cara Ferreira (MDS Nord
ion)\, Corinne Bensimon (MDS Nordion)\, Dennis Wester (MDS Nordion)\n\nBot
h 67Ga (t1/2 3.26 d) and 68Ga (t1/2 68 min) are radioisotopes with appropr
iate emissions for nuclear imaging. 68Ga is of particular interest due to
its potential availability from a 68Ge/68Ga generator. The short half-life
of 68Ga requires the use of targeting vectors with fast localization such
as small peptides. In addition\, bifunctional chelates (BFCs) that facili
tate fast radiolabeling under mild conditions and produce a high specific
activity (SA) product in high radiochemical yield (RCY) that does not requ
ire time-consuming post-radiolabeling purification are needed.\nTwo promis
ing chelating moieties for gallium radioisotopes are Oxo (1-oxa-4\,7\,10-t
riazacyclododecane-4\,7\,10-triacetic acid) and PCTA (3\,6\,9\,15-tetraaza
bicyclo [9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15)\,11\,13-triene-3\,6\,9-triacetic acid). Th
e radiolabeling efficiency\, SA and stability of the BFCs of Oxo and PCTA
were compared directly to analogous BFCs of DOTA (1\,4\,7\,10-tetraazacycl
ododecane-1\,4\,7\,10-tetraacetic acid) and NOTA (1\,4\,7-triazacyclononan
e-1\,4\,7-triacetic acid). Small animal PET imaging and biodistributions w
ere also studied to compare the in vivo clearance of the 68Ga radiolabeled
BFCs. Advantages with respect to RCY\, SA\, and stability were noted for
the BFCs of PCTA and NOTA.\nAn RGD-containing peptide was conjugated to th
ree different BFCs\, two commonly used BFCs of DOTA and NOTA and the novel
BFC of PCTA. The resulting constructs were evaluated to ascertain the pot
ential of the BFCs for 68Ga peptide imaging. RCYs of >95% were achieved wi
thin 20 minutes using the PCTA and NOTA conjugates when the reaction was d
one at either room temperature or with mild heating (37°C). Further purif
ication was not needed under these conditions. SAs of ≥0.5 mCi/nmol were
achievable. The radiolabeling reaction required heating at higher tempera
tures (80°C) or extended reactions times at 37°C in order to obtain equi
valent RCY and SA with the DOTA conjugate. A challenge with apo-transferri
n for 1 h showed that both the PCTA and NOTA Ga-radiolabeled conjugates we
re stable whereas the DOTA conjugate lost ~15% of Ga.\nIn conclusion\, BFC
s of PCTA and NOTA were found to have superior Ga radiolabeling and stabil
ity properties compared to the BFC of DOTA. Cell and small animal imaging
studies are planned to examine the effect of the BFCs on the receptor bind
ing and biodistribution of Ga-radiolabeled peptide conjugates.\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/184/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/184/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Environmental monitoring of nuclear materials for safeguards purpo
ses before decommissioning of nuclear facilities
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-185@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zsolt Varga (Institute of Transuranium Elements)\, Z
solt Stefánka (Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority)\, Eva Szeles (Institute
of Isotopes of the Hungarian Academy of Sciencies)\n\nA comprehensive env
ironmental monitoring and analysis is very important before the decommissi
oning of a nuclear facility to assure the database for reveal undeclared c
landestine nuclear activities.\nExperiences in the process and sampling co
ncerning decommissioning are not yet available in Hungary because the faci
lities have not still accomplished the end of their lifecycle.\nDecommissi
oning is the final phase in the lifecycle of a nuclear installation and is
to be considered as part of a general strategy of environmental restorati
on after the final suspension of the industrial activities. \nThe first re
search reactor in Hungary will need to be decommissioned over the next 10
years therefore the environmental monitoring will be necessary before the
commencement of the process. The international regulation and the European
Union also specify the environmental monitoring and an environmental impa
ct study before the decommissioning procedure.\nThe development of a compr
ehensive environmental monitoring system including sampling strategy and m
ethod development for the analysis of environmental samples\, originating
from the vicinity of the Hungarian nuclear facilities has been begun at th
e Institute of Isotopes. \nThe developed method was tested by analysis of
real samples. Environmental samples and its nuclear material content were
analyzed in the near of a Hungarian nuclear facility.\n\nhttps://indico.f
jfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/185/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/185/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:125I-labelled iodothyronines: Useful tools for studies
of effects of an antidepressant drug fluoxetine in the rat
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-186@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Stanislav Pavelka (Dept. of Radiometry\, Inst. of Ph
ysiolgy\, ASCR Prague\; and Inst. of Biochemistry\, Masaryk Univ. Brno\,
Czech Rep.)\n\nWith the use of adapted radiometric enzyme assays for iodot
hyronine sulfotransferases (ST) and uridine 5’-diphospho-glucuronyltrans
ferase (UDPGT)\, as well as of our newly developed radiometric assays for
iodothyronine deiodinases (IDs) of types 1\, 2 and 3 (D1\, D2 and D3)\, we
studied the interaction of an antidepressant drug fluoxetine with the met
abolism of thyroid hormones (TH) in the rat. TH are supposed to control th
e activity of some neurotransmitters (e.g.\, serotonin)\, which are hypoth
etically involved in the pathogenesis of depressive illness. One of the pa
thogenic factors of depression might be inadequate activities of brain IDs
that could lead to local insufficient concentration of 3\,3’\,5-triiodo
-L-thyronine (T3). This hypothesis led to the development and production o
f a new group of non-tricyclic antidepressant drugs known as selective ser
otonine re-uptake inhibitors\; fluoxetine is the most frequently used repr
esentative of this group.\nEffects of subchronic administration (for 25 da
ys) to Wistar rats of fluoxetine by itself\, or in combination with T3 wer
e followed. The measurements of ST activities in liver and kidney cytosoli
c fractions did not demonstrate any significant effects of the administrat
ion of fluoxetine\, alone or together with T3\, on the induction of these
enzymes. In contrast\, in samples of liver microsomes of rats treated with
fluoxetine\, we found about two-fold higher UDPGT activities in compariso
n with control rats.\nEven more profound changes in enzyme activities were
found in case of IDs\, especially in the pituitary and cerebellum. The tr
eatment of rats with fluoxetine alone caused a moderate increase in D2 and
\, in turn\, a slight decrease in D3 activities in cerebellum and some oth
er regions of the CNS. No significant changes in D1 activity were detected
. On the other hand\, the administration of T3 alone caused\, in accordanc
e with our expectation\, a substantial decrease in pituitary D2 activity a
nd a simultaneous increase in D1 and D3 activities practically in all tiss
ues studied.\n \nAcknowledgments: This work was supported by the Ac
ademy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Research project No. AV0Z50110509
)\, by the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic (Research project N
o. MSM0021622413) and by the Czech Science Foundation (Grant No. 304/08/02
56).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/186/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/186/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Transfer coefficients from soil to roots of wheat plants by INAA
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-187@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Adriano Pacheco (CERENA-IST\, Technical University o
f Lisbon)\, Maria do Carmo Freitas (URSN-ITN\, Technological and Nuclear I
nstitute)\, Catarina Galinha (CERENA-IST\, Technical University of Lisbon)
\n\nAn extensive investigation of elemental levels in cereals and their cu
ltivation soils is being carried out across the main production areas of m
ainland Portugal\, with a view to an eventual Se-biofortification of major
cultivars (under research contract PTDC/QUI/65618/2006\; FCT-MCTES\, Port
ugal). Breads and cereal derivatives (breakfast blends\, pastas\, etc) mak
e up a sizeable share of the Portuguese diets\, thus an increase in the bi
oavailability of essential elements through crop biofortification may cont
ribute to an upgrade in the health status of the whole population. For thi
s purpose of nutrient supplementation\, and accounting for its relative we
ight in the realm of cereal consumption\, samples from two areas with an i
ntensive wheat production (bread and durum\; Triticum aestivum L. and Trit
icum durum L.\, respectively) were collected through the summer of 2009. S
uch areas are located north and south of the Tagus river\, deep into the i
nner territory of mainland Portugal. This work aims at an elemental charac
terisation of the cereal-cultivation soils\, and their role in the nutriti
onal uptake of wheat plants. Four certified reference materials were used
for the quality control of the analytical technique here (instrumental neu
tron activation analysis = INAA): NIST-SRM 1567a (Wheat Flour)\, NIST-SRM
1568a (Rice Flour)\, GBW07404 (NRCCRM Soil NCS DC 73322) and GBW07406 (NRC
CRM Soil NCS DC 73324). For NIST-SRMs\, only a few elements were above det
ection limit in the present conditions - As\, Br\, K\, Na\, Rb\, Se\, Zn -
even if in good agreement with their certified values\, accounting for un
certainties. The elements that could be compared with certified values for
the Chinese soils were: As\, Br\, Ce\, Co\, Cr\, Cs\, Cu\, Eu\, Fe\, Ga\,
Hf\, Ho\, K\, La\, Lu\, Na\, Nd\, Pr\, Rb\, Sb\, Sc\, Sm\, Ta\, Tb\, Th\,
W\, Yb\, Zn and Zr. Overall\, a good agreement was found as well. Wheat-c
ultivation soils from the area south of Tagus river contain higher concent
rations of As\, Cs\, Ga\, K\, Rb\, Ta\, Th\, U\, W and Zn\, thus featuring
adequate levels of nutrients such as Cs\, K\, Rb or Zn. The northern-area
soils contain higher concentrations of Co\, Cr\, Eu\, Fe\, Hf\, Na\, Sb\,
Sc\, Tb\, Yb and Zr\, and feature large amounts of the nutrients Co\, Cr\
, Fe and Na. Similar results were obtained for Br and the rare earths Ce\,
Ho\, La\, Nd and Sm. Some differentiation of rare-earth elements occur fo
r Eu\, Tb and Yb\, i.e.\, for the heavier ones. No depletion or enrichment
was found for Ce\, since its ratio to La is 2. For wheat roots\, Cd and H
g were found in some samples at levels of 1 and 0.1 mg per kg dry weight (
d.w.)\, respectively. The highest soil-plant transfer coefficients (root d
.w. contents/soil d.w. contents) were found for Br\, Cr and Zn (above 30 %
)\, followed by As\, Co\, Ga\, K\, Tb\, U and W (between 10 and 20 %)\, wh
ereas the lowest values (below 10 %) were found for Ce\, Cs\, Eu\, Fe\, Hf
\, Ho\, La\, Na\, Nd\, Rb\, Sc\, Sm\, Ta\, Th\, Yb and Zr.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/187/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/187/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparation and characterization of target for 64Cu pro
duction on the IBA 18/9 Cyclotron.
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-189@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jarmila Ometáková (Comenius University\, Faculty o
f Natural Sciences\, Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Michal Reich (Biont a.s.\, B
ratislava\, Slovakia)\, Erzsébet Losonczi Pataky (Biont a.s.\, Bratislava
\, Slovakia)\, Marek . Leporis (Biont a.s.\, Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Voje
tch Csiba (Biont a.s.\, Bratislava\, Slovakia)\, Pavol Rajec (Biont\, Facu
lty of Natural Sciences\, Bratislava\, Slovakia)\n\nCopper has many radion
uclides (60Cu\, 61Cu\, 62Cu\, 64Cu\, and 67Cu) that can be used in nuclear
medicine and molecular imaging. Isotope 64Cu (Iβ+= 17.6 %\, Eβ+max=653
keV\, Iβ-= 38.5 %\, Eβ-max=579.4 keV ) is positron emitters and half l
ife 12.7 hrs and is suitable for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals
for PET imaging. The 64Ni(p\,n)64Cu reaction route is popular for its pre
paration because its entrance channel is accessible at low energies and yi
eld of reaction is quite high. Disadvantage of the reaction used is a high
price of the enriched 64Ni. Thick gold or platinum target were used for t
arget preparation by electrodeposition. Irradiation surface of target was
optimized for COSTIS station. COSTIS target station was installed at the e
nd of the external beam line of the IBA Cyclone 18/9 cyclotron. The target
station has been equipped with aluminum or Nb window foil in front of the
target to degrade energy to optimal energy for nuclear energy less then12
MeV. Since the external beam line of the cyclotron has no beam diagnosti
c devices\, several aluminum plates were irradiated in the COSTIS target s
tation with a 5 µA proton beam for 15 min. with different settings for th
e beam focusing quadrupole magnets. After one day decay time the plates we
re scanned by a TLC scanner along the horizontal and vertical central axes
of the plates in order to visualize the beam shape. The settings providin
g most homogeneous beam spot on the target were selected and used further
for the real target irradiations. Presentation will concerns of preparatio
n\, optimization of target for irradiation in COSTIS target station\, sepa
ration procedure and characterization of 64Cu radiochemical prepared.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/189/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/189/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of magnesium in biological materials by neutron acti
vation and anti-coincidence &gamma\;-ray spectrometry
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-190@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Weihua Zhang (Dalhousie University)\, Amares Chatt (
Dalhousie University)\n\nMagnesium is considered as an essential element a
t moderate levels. Both deficiency and toxic effects of Mg in humans have
been reported in the literature. Titrimetry\, spectrophotometry\, and atom
ic absorption spectrometry are generally used for the measurement of Mg le
vels. Instrumental NAA (INAA) is also an attractive tool for the rapid\, s
imple and reliable determination of Mg. However\, due to high background a
ctivity in biological samples\, the measurement of gamma-rays emitted by 2
7Mg is generally difficult. The main objective of the present work has bee
n to study the advantages of anti-coincidence gamma-ray spectrometry for t
he determination of low levels of Mg in biological materials using INAA.
The 27Mg nuclide has a half-life of 9.46 min and it emits two major gamma-
rays\, namely 843.8 and 1014.4 keV\, which are not coincident. Therefore\
, the use of anti-coincidence counting should not cause any reduction in p
eak efficiency of either of the photopeaks. The peak efficiency reduction
factors of the two peaks have been measured as 0.98 and 1.00\, respective
ly. It has been observed in many biological materials that the background
around the 1014.4-keV peak of 27Mg is mainly due to the 1778.9-keV peak of
28Al\, 1368.6-keV peak of 24Na\, 1642.7-keV peak of 38Cl\, and 1810.7-keV
peak of 56Mn. Anti-coincidence counting technique can be beneficially us
ed under such situations. Several biological reference materials (RM) and
standard reference materials (SRM) were analyzed for Mg by INAA. Between
200 and 700 mg of these materials were irradiated in the Dalhousie Univer
sity SLOWPOKE-2 Reactor facility at a neutron flux of 5 × 1011 cm-2 s-1 f
or 1 min\, allowed to decay for 1 min\, and counted for 10 min. The anti-c
oincidence gamma-ray spectrometer used in this work consisted of a HPGe de
tector and a 10"x10" NaI(Tl) guard detector with a 3"x3" NaI(Tl) plug. The
peak-to-Compton plateau ratio of this system is about 590:1. The 843.8-ke
V peak suffers from interference by the 846.8-keV peak of 56Mn which has a
longer half-life of 2.58 h. In the anti-coincidence counting mode\, the
percentage overlap of the 843.8-keV peak is less because of the suppressio
n of the 846.8-keV peak. We have developed a simple correction method whi
ch has been used for the determination of Mg in 15 NIST RM and SRM using t
he 843.8-keV gamma-ray of 27Mg. The measured values have been found to ag
ree well with the certified values.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1
/contributions/190/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/190/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Plutonium 241 – importance and ways of determination
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-191@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Milan Bunata (National Radiation Protection Institut
e)\n\nPlutonium 241 is the only beta emitting plutonium isotope formed by
a nuclear reactor operation. In contrast to the other ones\, its half life
is relatively short (about 14 years). Emitting beta radiation\, it decays
to another important radionuclide\, Am-241. Hence the activity of americi
um 241 is still increasing in the area of Chernobyl\, Ukraine.\nNuclear fi
ssion leads to higher-order activities of the Pu-241 than of the other plu
tonium isotopes. On the other hand\, the beta energy of this radionuclide
is only 20 keV\, which\, in addition with no gamma radiation\, falsely dec
reases its importance. For example\, determination of isotopes activity ra
tio between Pu-241 and other isotopes can lead to the recognition of the i
sotope mixture source.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/191/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/191/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Using natural organic matter as a remediation material in environm
ental applications
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-201@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Read (Enterpris Ltd)\, Peter Warwick (Loughbor
ough University)\, Anumaija Leskinen (Loughborough University)\n\nNatural
organic matter (NOM) is being characterised and investigated for use as a
remediation material in various applications. \nTwo readily available envi
ronmental materials are being tested:\nMaterial A: 68% by weight of the ma
terial is organic including 19% humic acid\, 28% fulvic acid and 21% humin
. 32% of the material is inorganic\, containing 23% iron.\nMaterial B: 57%
by weight of the material is inorganic\, 3% is humic acid\, 27% is fulvic
acid and 13% is humin.\nThe humin fraction of these two materials may con
tain humic acid that has been immobilised by clays or other minerals.\nThe
materials have been tested in three applications\;\ni) As a permeable
reactive barrier\nA permeable reactive barrier is a passive\, in situ meth
od that is used to remediate contaminated groundwater. As groundwater flow
s through it\, the barrier extracts contaminants\, significantly reducing
their concentration. Both materials are capable of extracting metals and o
rganic pollutants from groundwater\nii) Extraction of iodine from urine
\n131I may be given to patients with thyroid problems for diagnosis or tre
atment. About 30% of the activity (2-3 GBq) is excreted in urine during th
e first day after administration. In some parts of Europe\, the radioactiv
e urine is collected in tanks at the hospital. The objective of this inves
tigation is to determine whether the radioiodine can be extracted from uri
ne and concentrated in a smaller volume of solid. \niii) Extraction of
iron and other contaminants from industrial effluents \nDuring the product
ion of kaolinite or China Clay\, brown discoloration caused by Fe3+-contai
ning impurities is removed by the addition of acid and a reducing agent\,
forming soluble Fe2+. The latter is then removed from the effluent by prec
ipitation with NaOH and flocculants. This study investigates the use of so
lid NOM to bind iron and co-contaminants directly\, avoiding the need for
alkali addition and precipitation of large quantities of slurry.\n\nAcknow
ledgements. Anumaija Leskinen thanks Loughborough University and Enterpris
Ltd for financial support\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribu
tions/201/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/201/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Complexation of At+ and AtO+ with inorganic
ligands\; a combined experimental and theoretical approach to characterize
the formed species
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-195@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gilles Montavon (Laboratoire Subatech (CNRS/IN2P3 /
Ecole des Mines de Nantes / Université de Nantes))\, Nicolas Galland (La
boratoire CEISAM\, UMR CNRS 6230)\, Zouhair Asfari (IPHC\, UMR CNRS 7178)\
, Cyrille Alliot (Cyclotron ARRONAX)\, David Deniaud (Laboratoire CEISAM\,
UMR CNRS 6230)\, Karine Julienne (Laboratoire CEISAM\, UMR CNRS 6230)\, E
ric Renault (Laboratoire CEISAM\, UMR CNRS 6230)\, Julie Champion (Laborat
oire Subatech (CNRS/IN2P3 / Ecole des Mines de Nantes / Université de Na
ntes))\, Andrea Sabatié-Gogova (Laboratoire Subatech (CNRS/IN2P3 / Ecole
des Mines de Nantes / Université de Nantes))\n\nAstatine (At\, Z=85: [Xe
]4f145d106s26p5) is below iodine and belongs to the halogen group. One of
its isotopes\, 211At\, is a promising candidate as a therapeutic agent in
nuclear medicine [1].\nIt has been reported that astatine presents a metal
-like behavior when existing under the oxidation states +I and +III as At+
and AtO+ species [2]. However\, the number of studies dealing with the co
mplexation properties of these cationic forms is limited. Low availability
of astatine makes experimental work difficult (usually investigations der
ived from radiochemical studies at ultra-trace concentrations\, typically
between 10-12 and 10-15 mol.L-1).\nIn this work\, we propose a combined ex
perimental and theoretical approach to characterize the interaction betwee
n these metallic forms and simple inorganic anions (Cl-\, Br-\, SCN-). A c
ompetition method based on solid/liquid separation or liquid/liquid extrac
tion is proposed to determine the equilibrium constants [3]. To assess the
reliability of the experimental results\, they are compared to theoretica
l computations. The spin-orbit density functional theory (SO-DFT) approach
\, which uses two-components relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs
)\, has been used to investigate the spectroscopic properties of At\, At2
and HAt species. In conjunction with our own built up basis sets (double a
nd triple zeta augmented with diffuse and polarization functions)\, SO-B3L
YP and SO-M06 functionals offer results in good agreement with that in the
literature. In order to compare measured and computed equilibrium constan
ts of the astatine reactions\, aqueous solvation effects have been introdu
ced using polarizable continuum models (PCM with UAHF and UAKS cavities).
Obtained results show a good agreement between theoretical and experimenta
l values. They also indicate that astatine species have a soft character a
ccording to the HSAB theory.\n\n[1] M.R. Zalutsky\, D.A. Reardon\, G. Akab
ani\, R.E. Coleman\, A.H. Friedman\, H.S. Friedman\, R.E. McLendon\, T.Z.
Wong and D.D. Bigner\, J. Nucl. Med.\, 49\, 30 (2008).\n[2] J. Champion\,
C. Alliot\, E. Renault\, B.M. Mokili\, M. Chérel\, N. Galland\, G. Montav
on\, submitted to J. Chem. Phys. A.\n[3] J. Champion\, C. Alliot\, S. Hucl
ier\, D. Deniaud\, Z. Asfari and G. Montavon\, Inorg. Chim. Acta\, 362 (8)
\, 2654 (2009).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/195/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/195/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Application of coprecipitation for the study of chemistry of Rf
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-196@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gospodin Bozhikov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reac
tions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Vyacheslav Lebedev (Flerov
Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\,
Sergey Dmitriev (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute
for Nuclear Research)\, Nikolay Aksenov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Rea
ctions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\n\nChemical identification
of radionuclides in the decay chains of the recently discovered transactin
ide elements may serve as a method for confirming the discovery [1]. The l
onger half-lives of radionuclides of transactinides discovered in the An +
48Ca reactions expands the application of radiochemical techniques for th
eir chemical characterization [2]. The method of cocrystallization can giv
e valuable information on properties of transactinide compounds\, not avai
lable in the macroscopic\, therefore the identification of coprecipitation
mechanism of lighter homologues of transactinides is of scientific intere
st. \nHere we report the coprecipitation behavior of Ti\, Zr\, Hf and Th a
s lighter homologues of Rf with lanthanum fluoride. The kinetics of coprec
ipitation and distribution of group 4 elements between the liquid and soli
d phase\, both preformed and formed during the distribution process\, was
studied as a function of concentration of the micro- and macrocomponent\,
foreign multivalent ions\, HF\, pH in solution. The solid phase of prepare
d samples was characterized by electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The resu
lts show that the coprecipitation mechanism of Zr and Hf with LaF3 is diff
erent from Ti and Th and can be assigned to heterovalent isomorphism. A po
ssibility of using coprecipitation with lanthanum fluoride for comparative
investigation of the behavior of Rf in HF solutions was demonstrated.\nTh
is work was supported by the RFBR (grant No. 09-03-12029-ofi_m).\n\n1. S.
N. Dmitriev et al.\, Mendeleev Communications. 15\, 1\, 1-4 (2005).\n2. Yu
. Oganessian\, J. Phys. G.: Nucl. Part. Phys. 34\, R165-R242 (2007).\n\nht
tps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/196/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/196/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Composition analysis of zirconium alloys by k0-based PG
AA using Budapest cold neutron beam facility
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-197@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A.V.R. Reddy (Analytical Chemistry Division\, Bhabha
Atomic Research Centre\, Trombay\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)\, R.V. Kulka
rni (Post Irradiation Examination Division\, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
\, Tromaby\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)\, K. Sudarshan (Radiochemistry Divi
sion\, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Trombay\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)
\, R. Acharya (Radiochemistry Division\, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, T
rombay\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)\, Zs. Revay (Department of Nuclear Rese
arch\, Institute of Isotopes\, H-1525 Budapest\, Hungary)\n\nZirconium an
d its alloys are important materials in nuclear power technology. Zirconiu
m alloys namely zircaloy 2\, zircaloy 4 and Zr-Nb alloy are mostly used fo
r fuel cladding and pressure tubes in water-cooled nuclear power reactors
due to their low neutron absorption cross section\, high corrosion resista
nce and good thermal conductivity. For nuclear quality control\, it is imp
ortant to analyze these alloys to ensure their conformity to specification
s. Analytical methods\, which are non-destructive in nature\, bulk sample
analysis capability with negligible matrix effect\, are preferred for the
analysis of such materials. Neutron induced prompt gamma-ray activation an
alysis (PGAA) is one of the suitable methods. In the present work\, PGAA w
as used for the composition analysis of three types of zircaloys namely zi
rcaloy 2\, zircaloy 4 and Zr-2.5%Nb alloy. All the measurements were perfo
rmed at the PGAA facility of the Budapest Research Reactor using cold-neut
ron beam. The thermal equivalent neutron flux at this position is 1.2×10^
8 cm-2 s-1. Samples in the mass range of 0.3-0.5 g\, kept inside thin Tefl
on bag\, were irradiated in vacuum and the prompt γ-rays were measured fo
r 3-10 h with a HPGe detector (sample-to-detector distance 23 cm) surround
ed by a Compton-suppressor and passive shielding. The absolute counting e
fficiency of the detector was determined using 133Ba and 152Eu and prompt
gamma rays from 14N(n\,γ)15N and 37Cl(n\,γ)38Cl. The γ –ray spectra w
ere complex due to presence of multi-γ producing elements/isotopes and th
ey were analyzed for peak areas by Hypermet PC (MS DOS Version 5.01). The
minor elements detected in three different zircaloys\, in addition to majo
r Zr\, are: Sn\, Fe\, Cr and Ni in zircaloy 2\, Sn\, Fe and Cr in zircal
oy 4\, and Nb\, Fe and Cr in Zr-2.5% Nb alloy. The trace elements detecte
d in general are B\, Hf\, Ti\, Mn and Co. Trace amounts of Cl were also de
tected in zircaloy 2 and 4. Since all the major and minor elements were am
enable to PGAA\, the absolute concentrations of all the elements were dete
rmined using mass balance procedure i.e.\, without using concentration of
any external or internal standard. The advantages of the method are: (i) i
t is non-destructive\, (ii) it could detect trace amounts of important ele
ments like B\, Hf and Cl in the presence of major/minor elements\, and (ii
i) all elements determined except for B have multiple γ-rays\, which help
in self-validation of methodology.\n\nAcknowledgements\n This work was c
arried out under INSA-HAS international exchange program (No. IA/Misc. 200
9-2010/4237) and the financial assistance by INSA and BARC (India) and HAS
(Hungary) is duly acknowledged. Authors from BARC acknowledge Institute o
f Isotopes\, Budapest for providing PGAA facility.\n\nReferences\n1.R. Ach
arya\, A.G.C. Nair\, A.V.R. Reddy\, A. Goswami\, J. Nucl. Mat.\, 326 (2004
) 80.\n2.C. Yonezawa\, Anal. Sci.\, 9 (1993) 185. \n3.Zs. Revay\, Anal. C
hem.\, 81 (2009) 6851.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/197/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/197/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption of radionuclides to the cementitious material NRVB under
near-field conditions
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-199@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nick Evans (Loughborough University)\, Peter Warwick
(Loughborough University)\, Monica Felipe-Sotelo (Loughborough University
)\n\nThe current concept for the disposal of intermediate- and low-level w
aste in the United Kingdom involves the emplacement of the grouted waste c
onfined in stainless steel canisters in a cementitious repository deep und
erground [1]. The NRVB (Nirex reference vault backfill) is a cementitious
material specially formulated for this purpose\, composed by a mixture of
ordinary Portland cement (OPC)\, hydrate lime (Ca(OH)2) and limestone flou
r [2].\nThe movement of the radionuclides away from the repository is expe
cted to be retarded by their limited solubility under the chemical conditi
ons present in the repository (high pH\, due to the cement\, and low Eh\,
due to corrosion of the waste canisters) as well as\, by sorption processe
s.\nIn the present work\, the sorption of a series of radionuclides (I-\,
Cs+\, Ni+2\, Eu+3\, Th+4 and U+6) to NRVB was assessed under near-field co
nditions (highly-alkaline pH and anoxic conditions). The experiments were
carried using NRVB-equilibrated water (pH ~ 12.6) in NaCl 0.1 mol dm-3 as
liquid phase\, under a N2 atmosphere (O2 and CO2 free)\, according to the
procedure proposed by Sutton et al. [3]. Linear\, Langmuir and Freundlich
isotherms were studied for all the radionuclides\, and in all cases\, the
sorption of radionuclides fitted well with the linear model. The Rd (Csoli
d/Cliquid) observed experimentally varied in a wide interval that ranged f
rom the low values of 0.012 and 0.033 dm3 g-1 for Ni+2 and I-\, respective
ly\, to values as high as 2870 dm3 g-1\, obtained for Cs+. Results of the
effect of cellulose degradation product on sorption to NRVB will also be p
resented.\nWhen the Rd (Csolid/Cliquid) values of the radionuclides of int
erest for NRVB\, were compared with the experimental Rd values for the ind
ividual components of NRVB\, i.e. OPC\, hydrated lime and limestone\, it w
as observed that in the case of nickel and in absence of the organic ligan
ds\, Rd(NRVB) ≈ Rd(OPC) + Rd(Ca(OH)2) + Rd(limestone)\, confirming the v
alidity of the additive model for this material.\nReferences \n[1] The via
bility of a phased geological repository concept for long-term management
of the UK’s radioactive waste. Nirex report no N/122. United Kingdom Nir
ex Limited (2005).\n[2] Harris\, W. and Nickerson\, A.K. The physical prop
erties of the Nirex Reference Vault Backfill. NSS/R335\, AEA-D&W-0450 (199
7).\n[3] Sutton\, M.\, Warwick\, P. and Hall\, A. Uranium(VI) interactions
with OPC/PFA grout. J. Environ. Monit. 5\, 922-928 (2003).\nAcknowledgeme
nts\nThe Radioactive Waste Management Directorate of the Nuclear Decommiss
ioning Authority is thank for sponsoring this project\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/199/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/199/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Applicability of k0-based neutron activation analysis u
sing a Compton suppression &gamma\;-ray spectrometer
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-200@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Daniel Beasley (Technological and Nuclear Institute\
, Sacavem\, Portugal)\, Nuno Canha (Technological and Nuclear Institute\,
Sacavem\, Portugal)\, Maria do Carmo Freitas (Technological and Nuclear In
stitute\, Sacavem\, Portugal)\, Dung Manh Ho (Technological and Nuclear In
stitute\, Sacavem\, Portugal)\n\nCompton suppression system (CSS) in conju
nction with γ-ray spectrometer allows to lower the detection limits for c
ertain elements by reducing the background levels in the acquired γ-ray s
pectra. The calibration of CSS for use in the k0-based neutron activation
analysis (k0-NAA) has been performed in normal mode and applied to Compton
suppression mode. In this case\, efficiency data are only applied to radi
onuclides that emit non-coincident γ-rays. In this work the applicabilit
y of the k0-NAA method using CSS (k0-CSNAA) in Compton suppression mode fo
r radionuclides that emit coincident γ-rays is tested. The SMELS (a synth
etic multi-element standard) consisting of nuclides with different γ-ray
energy and Q0 values was used to evaluate the Compton suppression factor f
or several radionuclides of interest\, e.g. 60Co\, 51Cr\, 152Eu\, 59Fe\, 7
5Se\, 46Sc and 85Sr. The applicability of k0-CSNAA has been tested by anal
yzing several reference materials\, i.e. Coal Fly Ash (NIST-SRM-1633a)\, S
oil (IAEA-Soil-7) and Lichen Material (IAEA-CRM-336). Preliminary results
of the test are presented and discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/ev
ent/1/contributions/200/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/200/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Long-term monitoring of radioactivity in environmental of the City
of Moscow
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-242@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Gordeev (Scientific and production enterprise
"Radon")\n\nMoscow is the historical center of the atom project of the fo
rmer USSR.\nRadioecological assesment of the territory of Moscow has been
provided in compliance with the conception and program of comprehensive ra
dioecological monitoring of the Moscow city\, approved by the Moscow Gover
ment.\nThe methodology of the envitonmental monitoring is based on long-te
rm determenation of concentration of the major dose forming radionuclides
in natural environment and some components of metropolitan megapolis accum
ulated by mobil and stationary systems. Such an approach ensures to monito
r variations in temporary-and-spatial distribution of radiation parameters
of the environmental objects as well as to identify the areas where radia
tion values are abnormal ones and to assess the radiation situation both a
t separate sites and in the city in general.\nMonitoring data are used in
Radiation-Hygiene Passport of the Moscow city.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/242/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/242/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Assessment of labelled products with different radioanalytical met
hods: Study on 18F-fluorination reaction of p-[18F]M
PPF
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-202@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Olof Solin (Professor)\, Kim Bergström (Docent)\, E
eva-Liisa Kämäräinen (Ph.D.)\, Outi Perhola (M.Sc.)\, Tiina Lipponen (M
.Sc.)\, Jaana Laine (M.Sc.)\, Teija Koivula (M.Sc.\, researcher)\n\nThe cr
ude reaction mixture consisted of p-[18F]MPPF and 2-4 labelled impurities
eluting after the product fraction\, and the reverse-phase HPLC method rep
orted in the literature [1] failed sometimes to separate p-[18F]MPPF from
its radioactive by-product with close retention time. Analytical HPLC was
based on similar chromatographic conditions. By comparing it to preparativ
e results it could be used in the estimation of radiochemical incorporatio
n yield of p-[18F]MPPF. However\, radio-TLC was not a reliable method for
the radiochemical analysis of crude p-[18F]MPPF: the sample in DMSO was no
t well distinguished on silica plates and there was labelled impurity with
same Rf-value. Heating mechanism had no significant effect on the composi
tion of labelled compounds.\nBased on the molecular structures of the subs
tituted benzamides\, p-MPPF and its precursor p-MPPNO2\, the reaction of b
asic nitrogen on piperazinyl moiety and/or amide hydrolysis could be reaso
nable explanation for the formation of side-products. Corresponding fracti
onated masses\, molecule peaks with 192 and 120 smaller m/z ratios\, were
also measured in the ESI-MS studies of the inactive reference compounds. I
n the preliminary LC-(ESI)-MS tests of the radiolabelled product these pea
ks were not detected\, suggesting different kind of decomposition of label
led product and/or precursor. However\, p-[18F]MPPF was identified with m/
z ratio of 435. \nMore than one radioanalytical method is needed to evalua
te reliably the radiochemical incorporation of p-[18F]MPPF. Identification
of various labelled impurities by radiochromatographic methods without br
oad reference material is difficult and characterisation by more complex m
ethod\, MS\, is needed. The ion trap MS seemed to be sufficient for the qu
alitative analysis of p-[18F]MPPF. Reliable identification of the labelled
side-products\, however\, needs optimisation of the radioLC-method.\n\n1)
Le Bars\, D. et al. Nucl Med Biol 1998\; 25: 343-350\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/202/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/202/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 210Po and uranium in high salinity wat
er samples
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-203@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Henryk Bem (Technical University of Lodz\, Faculty o
f Chemistry)\, Magdalena Dlugosz (Technical University of Lodz\, Faculty o
f Chemistry)\, Pawel Grabowski (Technical University of Lodz\, Faculty of
Chemistry)\n\nAmong of the naturally occurring radionuclides in the differ
ent types of water the long lived uranium isotope 238U\, two radium isotop
es: 228Ra\, 226Ra\, and 210Po are of practical importance due to their rad
iotoxicity. The observed levels of these radionuclides in underground wate
r depend on the chemical compositions of the adjacent geological formation
. Under favourable conditions\, for example in the presence of chloride an
d bicarbonate anions\, solubility of mineral rock components including tra
ce amounts of radionuclides increases. A role of the underground water sup
plying systems including geothermal water is recently rapidly growing as t
hey are used not only for energetic\, balneological or recreational purpos
es but as well as a source of drinking water that should be in accordance
with EU Directive 98/83/EC and WHO recommendation. \nThe aim of these stud
y was to elaborate a fast and efficient method for simultaneous determinat
ion of uranium and 210Po in high salinity water samples.\n210Po and uraniu
m radionuclides were preconcentrated from 0.5 dm3 saline media by co-preci
pitation with hydrated MnO2\, followed by dissolution of the precipitate i
n 200 ml of 1 M HCl. Uranium radionuclides can be directly determined by I
CP MS method\, using part of this solution because the total salinity decr
eases below 1 g/dm3. From the second part of solution\, before 210Po separ
ation for liquid scintillation counting\, majority of naturally occurring
α-emitting radionuclides (uranium\, thorium and protactinium) are strippe
d by extraction with 50 % solution of HDEHP in toluene. Finally 210Po is
simply separated from other interfering nuclides by direct transfer to an
extractive scintillator containing 5 % of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) i
n Ultima Gold F cocktail and determined by a α/β separation liquid scint
illation technique. The detection limits are 3 for 210Po and 0.01 ppb for
238U.\n Quality assurance of the worked out method was checked out in t
wo ways:\n1) participation in the IAEA interlaboratory studies (see Ta
ble 1) for 210Po determination in water samples\n2) determination of ur
anium and 210Po in Standard Reference Material IAEA-381 – Irish Sea wate
r. Uranium recovery for these samples was in the range 0.88±0.05. 210Po a
ctivity is not reported for this SRM\, therefore its activity determined b
y elaborated method was compared with that obtained by direct 210Po deposi
tion on silver discs and α spectrometry counting. These two methods gave
practically the same value 30.5±2.3 mBq/dm3 and 30.0±3.0 mBq/dm3\, resp
ectively.\nTable 1 Results (in Bq/kg) of interlaboratory studies 210Po in
acidified water\nSample IAEA value IAEA unc. Measured value Meas
ured unc. Measured/IAEA\n1 52.8 1.4 52.0
0.6 0.99\n2 101.6 2.8 95.3
1 0.94\n3 52.8 1.4 52.1 0.7
0.99\n4 101.6 2.8 99.3 1 0.98\n5
blank - 0.3 0.03 -\n\nhttps://indic
o.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/203/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/203/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Effect of Ca2+ on the sorption of uranium(VI) and humic
acid on natural clay
DTSTART:20100420T091000Z
DTEND:20100420T093000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-204@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gert Bernhard (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\
, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Susanne Sachs (Forschungszentrum Dresden-
Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Katja Schmeide (Forschungszent
rum Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Claudia Joseph (Fo
rschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\n\nIn va
rious countries clay is discussed as possible host rock for a nuclear wast
e repository. The interaction of the clay with actinides\, especially U(VI
)\, is the focus of our work. Sorption experiments were performed to estim
ate the actinide migration in clay formations. Also the influence of humic
acid (HA) is investigated. HA are ubiquitously found in natural environme
nts and can interact with e.g. actinides of the nuclear waste. Natural cla
y contains HA and fulvic acid like organic matter\, which can be released
from the clay [1]. HA also forms stable colloids. Due to this behavior HA
can influence the mobility of actinides\, e.g. U(VI)\, in a nuclear waste
repository.\n\nOpalinus clay (OPA) from Mont Terri\, Switzerland was studi
ed. Batch sorption experiments were performed in order to determine the so
rption ability of U(VI) ([U] = 1x10-6 M) onto OPA in the absence and prese
nce of HA ([HA] = 10 mg/L\, 50 mg/L) and of HA in the absence and presence
of U(VI) using synthetic OPA pore water (OPAWA\, [2]\, pH 7.6\, I = 0.39
M) and NaClO4 (pH 3-10\, I = 0.1 M) as background electrolyte. During thes
e studies a large influence of calcite on the sorption behavior of U(VI) a
nd HA was determined. Calcite presents a fraction of 13% in OPA and its io
ns occur also in the OPAWA ([Ca2+] = 0.03 M\, [CO32-] = 5x10-4 M). In OPAW
A\, U(VI) forms with the ions in solution the neutral aquatic complex Ca2U
O2(CO3)3 [3]. This complex dominates the speciation with a fraction of 99%
. In sorption experiments it was shown\, that this complex adsorbs weakly
onto OPA. Normalized to the specific surface area of OPA (BET = 41.6 m2/g)
the U(VI) sorption was determined with 0.05 ± 0.002 µg U/m2 clay. In fu
rther sorption studies it was shown that HA has no influence on the U(VI)
sorption onto OPA. This was also proved by speciation calculations\, which
showed that also in the presence of HA the Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq) complex is th
e dominating species in solution. In order to interpret the sorption data
onto OPA\, additional zeta potential measurements were performed\, where b
etween pH 0 and 7.5 a negative zeta potential for OPA was determined. \n\n
The HA sorption onto OPA in OPAWA was determined with 3.57±0.01 µg HA/m2
(10 mg/L) and 17.28±0.15 µg HA/m2 (50 mg/L). In the presence of U(VI)\,
a slight increase of HA sorption (D = 0.3 µg HA/m2) was observed for [HA
] = 50 mg/L. Species calculations showed that Ca2+ ions influence also the
HA speciation\, because Ca2+ is complexed by HA. Ca2+ is present in such
a high concentration\, that it saturates the binding sites of HA. Thus\, o
nly few binding sites\, about 0.1% according to speciation calculations\,
are available for the complexation of U(VI). Consequently\, U(VI) and HA h
ave no effect on each other during the sorption studies. These experiments
show the large influence of the calcite fraction of the OPA and thus the
resulting composition of the OPAWA on the U(VI) and HA sorption. Thus\, ca
lcite should be taken into account for the safety case analysis of a nucle
ar waste repository. \n\n[1] F. Claret et al.\, Sci. Total Environ. 317
\, 2003\, 189.\n[2] F.J. Pearson\, PSI Internal Report TM-44-98-07\, Sw
itzerland\, 1998.\n[3] G. Bernhard et al.\, Radiochim. Acta 89\, 20\n\n
https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/204/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/204/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Application of the method of thermally activated tritium for label
ing isoniazide.
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-205@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gulnora Djurayeva (Institute Nuclear Physics of acad
emy of sciences of Uzbekistan)\, Andrey Kim (Institute Nuclear Physics of
academy of sciences of Uzbekistan)\, Bahrom Yarmatov (Institute Nuclear Ph
ysics of academy of sciences of Uzbekistan)\n\nFor labeling of pharmacolog
ical preparation of isoniazide we have used the method of labeling by ther
mally activated tritium. Isoniazide was labeled by thermally activated tri
tium in apparatus for tritium labeling. The influence of procedure of labe
ling on isoniazide has been investigated. During of labeling the change of
color of isoniazide was observed that indicates partial destruction of is
oniazide. The optimum regime of labeling was selected. The system of purif
ication of tritium-labeled isoniazide by thin layer chromatography (TLC) h
as been developed. Tritium-labeled preparation of isoniazide was purified
by TLC on silicagel in system ethyl acetate:isopropanol:liquid ammonia (co
ncentrated):acetone (15:20:5:2). Application of TLC for purification of tr
itium labeled preparation allows to purify completely isoniazide from by-p
roducts. The output of purified tritium labeled preparation of isoniazide
was 41.4%. The received preparation had specific radioactivity of 468.5 MB
q/mmol\, radiochemical purity of the preparation was 95 %.\nTLC purificati
on seems inexpensive and fast method\, suitable for purification of tritiu
m-labeled isoniazide. Thus\, the used method allows to obtain tritium labe
led preparation of isoniazide suitable for medical and biologic research.
Received tritium-labeled preparation of isoniazide is supposed to be used
in studies of binding capacity of blood transport proteins of patients wit
h various pathological conditions.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/205/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/205/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Use of selected chelating agents to mobilize radiocesium from the
body
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-206@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jarosław Rachubik (National Veterinary Research Ins
titute\, Department of Radiobiology\, Pulawy\, Poland)\, Andrzej Grosicki
(National Veterinary Research Institute\, Department of Radiobiology\, Pul
awy\, Poland)\n\nExaminations were carried out to compare the effects of P
russian Blue (PB)\, Ca-gluconate\, and Na-citrate on removal of radioceasi
um from male Wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups
of 10 animals each. Radioceasium was administered by intragastric intubati
on to all tested rats for 5 concecutive days with a daily dose of 20 kBq.
Animals in group 1 (the controls) were administered only ceasium-137 chlo
ride whereas animals in groups 2 to 5 were subjected to the same radiocea
sium schedule as rats in group 1 and then treated as follows: groups 2 and
3 were given PB by gastric intubation at a dose of 20 mg in 0.5 mL of dis
tilled water 1 hr or 1 hr and 5 hr\, respectively\, after ceasium-137 con
tamination whereas rats in group 4 after each PB treatment were subsequent
ly injected ip for 5 consecutive days with a daily dose of 20 mg of sodium
citrate and calcium gluconate in 0.5 mL of distilled water. Rats in group
5 were treated similarly to rats in group 4 but without PB administration
. Animals were killed 6 days after termination of the experimental protoco
l. The whole-body retention of ceasium-137 was measured in a well type sci
ntillation counter. Mean values were compared by Student's t-test. Prussia
n Blue\, Ca-gluconate and Na-citrate failed to produce any unfavourable ef
fects on body weight gains and organ to body ratios of the liver\, kidneys
\, heart\, and testes in all rats tested. Control rats retained 71.2% of
administered radioceasium in the whole-body. Fivefold and tenfold administ
ration of PB or fivefold treatment with PB plus 5 injections of Na-citrate
and Ca-gluconate decreased significantly the whole-body retention of radi
oceasium to 49.7%\, 38.4%\, and 43.2%\, respectively. On the other hand\,
fivefold treatment with Na-citrate and Ca-gluconate (witout PB treatment)
faild to decrease radioceasium retention in comparison to that in the con
trols. The present results showing a high efficiency of Prussian Blue in r
emoval of radioceasium from animal bodies are in accordance with earlier r
eports of others. On the other hand\, no effects of Ca-gluconate and Na-ci
trate injection on radiocaesium mobilization from the body were in contras
t to the opinion that citrate and gluconate enhance the removal of radioce
asium from animals.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/2
06/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/206/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Synthesis\, structure and properties of synthetic trogerite (UO2)3(AsO4)2∙12H2O
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-207@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Oxana Nipruk (Nizhny Novgorod State University named
after N.I. Lobachevsky)\, Nikolay Chernorukov (Nizhny Novgorod State Univ
ersity named after N.I. Lobachevsky)\, Yuliya Pykhova (Nizhny Novgorod Sta
te University named after N.I. Lobachevsky)\n\nSynthetic trogerite (UO2)3(
AsO4)2∙12H2O (henceforth only ST) can be obtained by direct mixing of ur
anyl nitrate and arsenic acid solutions in equivalent ratio 3:2. In this c
ase the following competitive reactions become possible:\nUO2(NO3)2 + H3A
sO4 + 4Н2ОHAsUO6∙4H2O(s) + 2HNO3 (uranoarsenic acid formation)\n3UO2(N
O3)2 + 2H3AsO4 + 12Н2О(UO2)3(AsO42∙12H2O(s)+6HNO3 (synthetic trogerite
formation)\nThe acidity increase results in uranoarsenic acid formation w
hile its decrease essentially enhances a contribution of triuranyl diarsen
ate hydrates formation. The reaction temperature is also an important fact
or. The partial dehydrated ST and the intermediate crystallohydrates mixtu
re are formed in the case of the synthesis temperature increase. For the r
easons described above synthetic trogerite has not so far been obtained in
the form of an individual crystal compound\, free of any impurity phases.
Its X-ray data and crystallographic characteristics are unknown. In this
work the ST synthesis technique is proposed. Its dehydration and thermolys
is were investigated. Structure and properties of synthetic trogerite were
studied by X-radiography\, IR-spectroscopy\, X-ray fluorescence analysis\
, and scanning calorimetry. Our research has shown that dehydration is the
only temperature caused transformations in the range of 20-800°С. In th
e interval 50-200°С trogerite loses eight molecules of water and transfo
rms into well known (UO2)3(AsO4)2∙4H2O. The both crystallohydrates with
crystal lattices built of coordination polyhedrals belong to many-membered
family of the uranium (VI) compounds having the layered structural type.
Layers are formed by pentagonal bipyramids UO7\, connected by the general
edge to produce continuous chains and combined by tetrahedrons AsO43-. Opp
osite layers of tetrahydrate are strongly connected by the covalent bonds\
, forming chains (O3)As-O-U(O5)-O-As(O3). The length of such chains determ
ined the interlayer distances that is equal 8.782. It is not enough long c
hain for similar bonding of opposite layers located on 11.079 in UO2(AsUO
6)2∙12H2O. Therefore bonding of layers in trogerite is not rigid and occ
urs as the system of H-bonds\, formed by H2O molecules making a coordinati
on environment of interlayer atoms of uranium (VI). Three H2O molecules in
UO2(AsUO6)2∙4H2O exhaust coordination possibilities interlayer atoms of
U(VI) in its pentagonal bipyramid.Three H2 O molecules in UO2 (AsUO6 )2
∙4H2 O exhaust coordination possibilities interlayer atoms of U(VI) in i
ts pentagonal bipyramid. Fourth H2O molecule is located in zeolite similar
cavities\, isolated and p\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribu
tions/207/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/207/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Translocation of radioactivity from substrate to macromycetes in s
ome mining areas
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-208@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ciprian Birsan (Al.I.Cuza University\, Department of
Biology\, 20A-Carol I Blvd.\;700505-Iasi\, Romania)\, Aurel Pui (“Al.I.
Cuza University”\, Department of Chemistry\, 11 – Carol I Blvd.\, 700
506 – Iasi\, Romania)\, Adrian Oprea (“Al.I. Cuza University”\, Depa
rtment of Biology\, 20A – Carol I Blvd.\, 700505 – Iasi\, Romania)\, C
atalin Tanase (“Al.I. Cuza University”\, Department of Biology\, 20A
– Carol I Blvd.\, 700505 – Iasi\, Romania)\, Karin Popa (“Al.I. Cuza
University”\, Department of Chemistry\, 11 – Carol I Blvd.\, 700506
– Iasi\, Romania)\n\nThe present study follows the extent of translocati
on radioactivity from substrates of uranium and sulphur mining area to the
macromycetes spontaneously occurred during 2008-2009. To this end\, radio
activity measurements (gross α+β\, 226Ra\, and 137Cs) on both macromycet
es and their substrates were made. The resultants obtained were confirmed
by FT-IR spectroscopy\, evidencing the presence of characteristic bands ar
ound of 910 cm-1\, corresponding to the asymmetric stretching vibration of
the uranyl unit and to the interaction between the UO22+ ions and the gro
up belonging to various cellular components.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.c
z/event/1/contributions/208/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/208/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiographic effects during self-irradiation of curium intermetall
ic compounds
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T121500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-209@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State Scientific Center -
Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nConsidered are changes in the
elementary cell volumes versus time at room temperature and annealing beha
vior of some curium intermetallic compounds with platinum metals (Pt\, Ir\
, Rh and Pd) etc. caused by internal irradiation by alpha-decay products o
f radioactive component [1\,2\,3].\nThe intermetallide x-rays show that wi
th increasing irradiation dose a decrease in the diffraction reflection in
tensity was observed up to their complete disappearance due to a crystal s
tructure amorphization as well as disappearance of “superstructural” r
eflections of the Pd3Cm cubic lattice followed by a reversion (decrease) o
f the lattice parameter value after several days\, and recovery of the cry
stalline state and initial parameters of the intermetallide crystal lattic
e under annealing. Swelling of the lattice volume of most of the intermeta
llides makes up 1% achieving 3.5% in separate cases.\nA phenomenological m
odel is proposed which considers peculiar features of trends of the experi
mental curves (with a maximum change in the physical property). The model
is based on the assumption that the evolution rate in the direction of ord
ering of initial disordered centers is less than that of initial disorderi
ng (that is proportional to the irradiation intensity).\n\n[1] Radchenk
o V.M.\, Seleznev A.G.\, Ryabinin M.A. et al.\, Radiokhimiya\, 1994\, V. 3
6\, edition 4\, P. 299-303.\n[2] Radchenko V.M.\, Seleznev A.G.\, Ryab
inin M.A. et al.\, Radiokhimiya\, 1996\, V. 38\, edition 5\, P. 391-394.\n
[3] Shimbarev Ye.V.\, Radchenko V.M.\, Ryabinin M.A.\, Vasilyev V.Ya.\,
Radiokhimiya\, 1994\, V. 36\, edition 4\, P. 304-307.\n\nhttps://indico.f
jfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/209/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/209/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of cesium and strontium sorption on Rokle bentonite in diffe
rent electrolytes
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-210@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hradil David (Institute of Inorganic Chemistry AS CR
\, v.v.i.)\, Vejsada Jan (Nuclear Research Institute)\n\nSorption of radio
nuclides on bentonite represents in most of deep geological repository (DG
R) concepts important process retarding radionuclide migration into geosph
ere. In the Czech Republic\, DGR concept takes local bentonite into accoun
t as material for both buffer and backfill. The candidate bentonite comes
from the Rokle deposit (NW Bohemia) and represents complex mixture of (Ca\
,Mg)-Fe-rich montmorillonite\, micas\, kaolinite and other mineral admixtu
res (mainly Ca\, Mg\, Fe carbonates\, feldspars and iron oxides). This ben
tonite is different in composition and properties from worldwide studied N
a-bentonite (e.g. MX-80\, Volclay) or Na-Ca bentonite (e.g. Febex). This f
act leads to the need of investigation of Rokle bentonite in greater detai
l to verify its suitability as a buffer and backfill in DGR. \nDespite a n
umber of studies concerning cesium sorption on bentonites\, there are stil
l some issues requiring clarification\, especially the effect of cesium-se
lective minerals (micas and mica-type clay minerals). Their amount in bent
onite and their effect on cesium sorption at different conditions represen
ts great uncertainty in cesium sorption evaluation. In this study\, the ge
neral trends of cesium and strontium sorption on Rokle bentonite (differen
t samples) in comparison to well-defined reference material (Ca-montmorill
onite SAz-1) were compared. Then\, the effect of changing solution ionic c
omposition on both Cs and Sr sorption was investigated in detail for avera
ge sample of Rokle bentonite and associated uncertainties in distribution
coefficient (Kd) determination were evaluated.\nThe comparison with refere
nce sample demonstrates that cesium-selective minerals are very important
for cesium sorption even at its trace concentrations. For strontium there
are no selective minerals to sorb it and the sorption is influenced mainly
by the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the bentonite. Comparing differe
nt electrolytes for cesium\, the potassium has the highest competitive eff
ect (competition on selective sites)\, in contrast to sodium and calcium.
For strontium\, the calcium has the highest competitive effect (competitio
n on regular ion exchange sites)\, then the potassium and the last one the
sodium. No significant differences were found for three selected samples
of Rokle bentonite in sorption behavior for cesium and strontium\, except
the effect of total CEC of bentonite.\nThe main uncertainty sources for ce
sium arise from the presence of cesium-selective minerals in Rokle bentoni
te samples in varying amount. For strontium\, the amount of smectite (whic
h has the highest CEC in natural bentonite) represents the main source of
uncertainties. It also follows from the performed experiments that the ces
ium sorption on studied bentonite cannot be described using simple Kd valu
e.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/210/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/210/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comments on the correct interpretation of k0-factors an
d on the proper use of the SMELS materials
DTSTART:20100419T040000Z
DTEND:20100419T043000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-212@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Frans De Corte ((em.) Ghent University and Research
Foundation-Flanders)\n\nRecently plans were devised [IAEA CRP 2005-2009:
“Reference Database for Neutron Activation Analysis”] for creating and
publishing a library of k0-factors that are generated differently from th
e experimentally determined ones published and used in practice thus far [
ADNDT\, 85 (2003) 47]. For two reasons\, we look at this anxiously. Firstl
y\, when realizing that these “new” k0-factors will be based on values
taken from (be it internationally evaluated and up-to-date) files dealing
with data for decay (notably gamma ray emission probabilities) and activa
tion (notably 2200ms-1 activation cross sections)\, it is clear that track
ability and accuracy are likely to be jeopardized. Indeed\, an evaluated c
ross section is (partially or fully) based on values that are experimental
ly measured via the “activation method”\, thus requiring the introduct
ion of gamma ray emission probabilities that are selected by the experimen
talist. This implies that the link is broken when they are again combined
with recently evaluated gamma-ray probabilities – whereby it is irreleva
nt whether the latter are in se more accurate than the ones introduced for
merly. This means that the way of creating these “new” k0-factors is b
asically incorrect. Secondly\, the release of the thus obtained k0 library
\, next to the one for actual use in the practice of k0-NAA (managed forme
rly by the INW/Gent – KFKI/Budapest\, and in the future by the recently
established k0 Nuclear Data Committee)\, would inevitably bring about conf
usion and ambiguity.\nAlso in recent years\, we observed from published pa
pers and from communications at conferences that the SMELS materials (Synt
hetic Multi-Element Standards) are not properly used for what they were de
veloped for [NIMA\, 564 (2006) 675]. Indeed\, it is seen that the SMELS ar
e systematically applied for the validation of k0-NAA carried out in a lab
oratory\, whereas their real potential lays in the quality control of the
implementation of the k0-standardization\, notably with respect to the cal
ibration of the irradiation facility and of the Ge-detector\, including al
so the correction for dead-time in case of short-time NAA. Indeed\, the th
ree SMELS-types are doped with elements that give rise to (n\,γ) activati
on with epithermal-to-thermal cross section ratios and emitted gamma-ray e
nergies ranging from low to high (thus giving information on the correctne
ss of respectively the neutron flux characterization and the detection eff
iciency determination)\, and (for SMELS-type I) with half-lives ranging fr
om low to high (thus giving information on the correctness of dead-time co
rrection). Regrettably\, these built-in potentials of the SMELS are overlo
oked in nearly all cases described in the literature.\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/212/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/212/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The effect of competition from other metals on nickel complexation
by α-isosaccharinic\, gluconic and picolinic acids
DTSTART:20100419T111500Z
DTEND:20100419T113000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-213@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Silvia Anton-Gason (Loughborough University)\, Peter
Warwick (Loughborough University)\, Nicholas Evans (Loughborough Universi
ty)\n\nThe UK has an underground repository concept with a combination of
engineered and natural barriers. Cementitious materials will produce high
pH conditions for at least 1 Ma and surfaces for sorption which will great
ly reduce the solubility of many radionuclides. Likely to be in the reposi
tory are many organic ligands\, as inherent components of wastes or due to
the degradation of organics\, e.g. cellulose. It has been shown that cell
ulose degradation products\, e.g. α-isosaccharinic acid (ISA)\, can subst
antially increase the solubility of radionuclides. Picolinates are in some
waste-streams due to the use of picolinic acid in decontamination. Glucon
ic acid is structurally similar to ISA\, a strong ligand useful for compar
ison purposes and may occur in a repository as a cement additive. From pH
11.5 to 13.5\, Ni is fairly insoluble. The 3 ligands increase its solubil
ity by forming aqueous complexes - a process that is fairly well understoo
d. The purpose was to investigate the effects on Ni complexation\, of comp
etition from other metals. A repository will also contain Fe metal so expe
riments were performed in its presence and absence. Predictions of Ni solu
bility were made for each system to aid the interpretation of competitive
effects. \n\nMeasured [Ni] in the absence of other metals showed good cor
relation with calculated values. There was evidence for slight sorption of
Ni to Th and Eu phases formed. There was no significant effect due to oth
er metals and/or solid phases being present. In general\, the calculated [
Ni] trend was followed with picolinate. Th and Hf had little effect on Ni
solubility in the presence of picolinate\, Co reduced [Ni]\, which might b
e expected as it complexes in a similar fashion\, above pH 13 all metals c
aused a significant reduction in [Ni]. This may have been due to sorption
to solid phases\, or coprecipitation\, with Ni being scavenged out as the
lowest inventory metal.\n\nAll the Ni was complexed by gluconate. Eu had n
o significant effect at the highest Ni concentration. Hf\, Co and Th reduc
ed [Ni] across the pH range\, probably due to complexation with gluconate.
Eu had a marginally greater effect at a [Ni] = 10-3 M\, suggesting a very
slight amount of complexation. Hf again had little effect. The Th results
were the most difficult to explain. At [Ni] = 0.01 and 0.0001 M\, Th affe
cted [Ni] as though forming strong gluconate complexes\, but not at 0.001
M. At the lowest [Ni]\, all competing metals significantly reduced [Ni]. T
h had complexed strongly with gluconate\, causing Ni to precipitate. Hf ha
d a similar effect to. Co significantly reduced [Ni] in line with its pred
icted effect. Eu had a significant effect on [Ni] reducing it from the pre
dicted 10-4 M to ca. 2 x 10-6 M.\n\nFe was predicted to have no effect on
[Ni] by complexation with ISA. The measured [Ni] was lower than the calcul
ated in virtually all cases\, including those with no competing metal. Thi
s may have been caused by sorption to Fe(s). No significant competition ef
fects from other metals were observed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/even
t/1/contributions/213/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/213/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of 7Be concentration in the north of the Spain
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-214@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Legarda Fernando (University of the Basque Country)\
, Idoeta Raquel (University of the Basque Country)\, Herranz Margarita (Un
iversity of the Basque Country)\, Alegria Natalia (University of the Basqu
e Country)\n\nFrom the Sun and interstellar spaces of the universe the pri
mary cosmic radiation comes to the Earth. These cosmic rays interact with
the nuclei of atmospheric constituents\, producing an interaction cascade
and secondary reaction and also produce a number of radioactive nuclei kno
wn as cosmogenic\, 7Be between others as a result of spallation reactions.
\nIn Bilbao (north of Spain) there is a high flow rate atmospheric sampler
which belongs to the Radiological Surveillance Network of the Autonomous
region of the Basque Country. Among the radionuclides present in the air a
erosols 7Be is found. \nThe network is in operation since October 2001 and
so a long record of 7Be measurements is available.\nTo study the behaviou
r of 7Be in air\, the recorded values have been considered as a succession
of data what is usually known as a Time Series. It is made up of 4 compon
ents: trend\, cyclical component\, seasonal component and irregular compon
ent.\nThe cyclical component is not fully developed because the studied pe
riod (2001 – 2009) is shorter than the solar cycle (eleven years period)
\, which is the ultimate cause of that component.\nA trend and seasonal co
mponents have been determined and finally an irregular component has been
observed. This is caused by occasional events\, such as rain\, which washe
s 7Be out depositing it onto the ground. However\, it has been found that
the atmospheric concentration of 7Be is negligibly affected by rain.\n\nht
tps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/214/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/214/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A comparitive study of U(III) and U(IV) complexes in a room temper
ature ionic liquid system
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-216@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: David Hatchett (University of Nevada\, Las Vegas)\,
Kenneth Czerwinski (University of Nevada\, Las Vegas)\, Wendy Pemberton (U
niversity of Nevada\, Las Vegas)\n\nRoom temperature ionic liquids (RTILs)
were known as early as the 19th century beginning with alkylammonium nitr
ates. The field grew in the 1970s by using combinations of air and water s
ensitive aluminum halides with an organic cation salt. While these ionic l
iquids were useful and had many desirable features\, they were extremely s
ensitive to air and water\, limiting their utility. RTILs today are salts
that are liquids from as low as -96 °C to up to 100 °C. RTILs are of hig
h interest in many fields of study because of their negligible vapor press
ure\, high electrochemical stability\, high conductivity\, and wide electr
ochemical windows. In addition\, RTILs are useful systems for studying f-e
lements in the absence of hydrolysis.\n\nIncluded in this work are studies
of multiple uranium complexes in a room temperature ionic liquid system\,
[Me3NnBu][N(CF3SO2)2]. Uranium materials in the 3+ and in the 4+ oxidati
on states were prepared in inert atmosphere conditions. Infrared and ultr
aviolet-visible spectroscopy was utilized to give details regarding the sp
eciation of each system. Electrochemical analysis was executed\, includin
g cyclic and square wave voltammetry as well as electrodeposition from bot
h oxidation states. The resulting electrodes were then analyzed using scan
ning electron microscopy\, energy dispersive spectroscopy\, and x-ray diff
raction to evaluate the nature of the uranium deposit on the electrode sur
face. A comparison of the resulting oxidation and reduction processes obs
erved during electrochemical analysis as well as the electrodeposits will
be made.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/216/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/216/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of silicon in beer and beer processing materials by
fast neutron activation analysis. Is beer a possible protective factor in
preventing Alzheimer´s disease?
DTSTART:20100419T082000Z
DTEND:20100419T084000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-219@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivana Krausová (Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR\, Ř
ež\, Czech Republic)\, Václav Potěšil (Pivo Praha\, Ltd.\, Prague\, Cz
ech Republic)\, Pavel Dostálek (Institute of Chemical Technology Prague\,
Czech Republic)\, Jan Kučera (Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR\, Řež\, C
zech Republic)\n\nSilicon is an essential element for organisms. Although
the biochemical mechanisms remain obscure\, dietary Si is considered impor
tant for growth and development of bone and connective tissues. Recently\
, it has been suggested that Si and silicic acid may decrease the bioavai
lability of aluminium by blocking its uptake through the gastrointestinal
tract and by impeding reabsorption in kidney [1]. Aluminium\, a neurotoxin
\, has lately been implicated as one of the possible casual factors contri
buting to Alzheimer´s disease\, since the element is conducive to oxidati
ve stress in the brain\, and oxidative damage is the primary risk factor f
or Alzheimer´s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. While many
foods contain Si in polymeric form or as hydrated silica – opal (phytoli
ths)\, bioavailable Si in beer is present in a monomeric form as a soluble
orthosilicic acid H4SiO4 [2\,3]. It is the Si form\, which may decrease
the bioavailability of Al\, and consequently may afford protection against
Al toxicity in brain. For this reason\, we studied the Si content in vari
ous Czech beers and beer base materials using fast instrumental neutron ac
tivation analysis. Lyophilized samples of several Czech beers and beer pr
ocessing materials from one brewery (barley\, sweet and hopped wort\, extr
acted grain\, yeast\, hop extract and granulate\, nonfiltered and filtered
beer) were combusted in a nickel crucible at 600°C in air. Water used f
or hot mashing of barley was preconcentrated by evaporation. Irradiation b
ehind a Cd shield was used for determination of Si via the short-lived rad
ionuclide 29Al resulting from the 29Si(n\,p)29Al reaction with fast neutro
ns in the ash from the above samples\, and/or in the water aliquots. Gamma
-ray spectra of the irradiated samples and standards were measured by a co
axial HPGe detector coupled to a Canberra Genie 2000 system. For quality c
ontrol\, reference material NIST SRM 2704 Bufallo River Sediment was assay
ed. The study has shown how Si comes into beer from the individual input m
aterials. In addition to a Si contained in water\, barley and hop are the
main sources of Si in beer. It is mainly the hot mashing technique\, which
extracts orthosilic acid from barley’s and hop’s phytolitic silica. T
he Si concentration in the Czech beers analyzed were in the range of 14 to
44 mg/L\, while water used for hot mashing of barley in the studied brewe
ry contained 7 mg/L of Si. Dietary Si intake in the USA is about 20-50 mg
per person per day [2]\, while the British diet has been reported to conta
in 9-23 mg of Si per person per day\, with 60 % derived from cereals with
poor bioavailability [4]. Thus it is obvious that moderate beer consumptio
n significantly increases intake of bioavailable Si. Therefore\, if the r
ather controversial hypothesis about aluminium´s neurotoxicity holds\, be
er drinking should be considered a protective factor in preventing Alzheim
er´s disease and other Al induced neurodegenerative disorders.\n\nReferen
ces\n1. M.J. Gonzáles-Muňoz\, A. Peňa\, I. Meseguer. Food Chem. Toxicol
.\, 46 (2008) 49-56.\n2. S. Sripanyakorn\, R. Jugdaohsingh\, H. Elliot et
al.: British J. Nutr.\, 91 (2004) 403-9.\n3. M.J. Gonzáles-Muňoz\, I. Me
seguer\, M.I. Sanchez-Reus et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol.\, 46 (2008) 1111-18
.\n4. J.P. Bella\, J.D. Birchall\, N.B. Roberts: Lancet 343 (1994) 235.\n\
nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/219/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/219/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Rapid and simultaneous determination of neptunium and plutonium in
environmental samples by extraction chromatography using sequential injec
tion and ICP-MS
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-222@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Manuel Miró (Department of Chemistry\, Faculty of S
ciences\, University of the Balearic Islands\, Carretera de Valldemossa km
. 7.5\, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca\, Illes Balears\, Spain)\, Per Roos (Rad
iation Research Division\, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energ
y\, Technical University of Denmark\, DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark)\, Xiaoli
n Hou (Radiation Research Division\, Risø National Laboratory for Sustain
able Energy\, Technical University of Denmark\, DK-4000 Roskilde\, Denmark
)\, Jixin Qiao (Radiation Research Division\, Risø National Laboratory fo
r Sustainable Energy\, Technical University of Denmark\, DK-4000 Roskilde\
, Denmark)\n\nAn automated analytical method for the rapid and simultaneou
s determination of plutonium and neptunium in environmental samples was de
veloped. Extraction chromatographic column packed with Eichrom TEVA® resi
n was incorporated in a sequential injection (SI) system to automatically
separate plutonium and neptunium from matrix elements and interfering radi
onuclides. Since valence adjustment is a crucial step to warrant the same
chemical behavior of plutonium and neptunium on TEVA column\, and therefor
e actualize their simultaneous separation and detection\, we investigated
and compared distinct methods for the valence adjustment of plutonium and
neptunium to Pu(IV) and Np(IV). The results showed that two steps valence
adjustment using disulfite and concentrated nitric acid as redox reagents
was the most effective method. The analytical results for both plutonium a
nd neptunium in three reference materials were in agreement with the refer
ence or informative values at the 0.05 significance level. The column sepa
ration time within the SI system for a single sample was less than 1.5 hou
rs. The developed method significantly improves analysis efficiency and re
duces labor intensity\, and enables a rapid and simultaneous determination
of plutonium and neptunium which is especially important in emergency sit
uations.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/222/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/222/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A preliminary assessment of air quality in Mangabeiras’ Park\, B
elo Horizonte\, Brazil\, using epiphytic lichens as biomonitor
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-224@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Elene Pereira-Maia (Federal University of Minas Gera
is\, Department of Chemistry\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil)\, Camila Viana (Po
st-Graduation in Radiation\, Mineral and Material Science and Technology/N
uclear Technology Development Centre\, Brazilian Commission for Nuclear En
ergy\, CDTN/CNEN\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil)\, Maria Angela Menezes (Nuclea
r Technology Development Centre / Brazilian Commission for Nuclear Energy\
, Division for Reactor and Analytical Techniques\, Belo Horizonte\, Brazil
)\n\nLichen\, or lichenized fungi\, is one of the most efficient on air po
llution biomonitoring among the biomonitors. Biomonitoring has been used a
s an alternative method to study the air pollution in several countries\,
however\, in Brazil\, systematic use of lichens as biomonitors of environm
ental pollution is quite rare. In order to make an assessment of the air q
uality of the Mangabeiras’ Park\, this study was conducted by measuring
the concentration of elements accumulated in the lichen thallus. This park
\, located in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais\, Brazil)\, is the greatest gre
en area in the city\, and an apparent region of non polluted air. \nDuring
the development of the study\, epiphytic lichens of three genus of urban
lichens (Canoparmelia sp\, Pyxine sp and Parmotrema sp) were collected usi
ng a steel stainless knife\, taking samples of similar sizes from 1.5 m fr
om the soil. Soil samples were also collected in order to calculate the en
richment factor. The elemental concentration determination was carried out
applying the neutron activation technique\, k0-standardization method\, u
sing the TRIGA MARK I IPR-R1 research reactor located at CDTN/CNEN.\nThe l
ichen samples presented expressive concentrations of Br\, Fe\, K\, Mn\, Na
and Zn. Using Sc as normalizing reference crustal element\; the enrichmen
t factor (EF) values of 19 elements were calculated. Among these 19 elemen
ts\, 14 of them (Al\, As\, Co\, Fe\, Hf\, K\, La\, Mn\, Na\, Sb\, Th\, U\,
W and V) present EF values equal or lower than 1.\nThe presence of charac
teristic soil elements from the region (As\, Fe\, Th\, U) and the low valu
es of EFs evidence that soil elements are expressive in the air compositio
n of this park. The presence of iron mining companies in the surroundings
of the Mangabeira’s Park seems to interfere in the air quality of this a
rea. Therefore\, this study shows one of the most known impacts of mining
activities: the emission of particulate matter.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/224/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/224/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Fractionation of Sr(II)\, Th(IV)\, U(VI) in the natural water samp
les by nanocomposite track membranes
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-225@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Evgeny Polyakov (Institute of Solid State Chemistry\
, UB RAS)\, Nikolai Khlebnikov (Institute of Solid State chemistry\, Ural
Branch Russian Academy of Sciences)\n\nKnowledge of the speciation and par
titioning of radionuclides and their natural analogs in nature water have
great radioecological significance for all environmental systems and Ural
region in particular. Distribution of interesting elements in geochemical
fractions in water solutions is one of more important point for understand
ing and modeling mechanism of radionuclide migration in nature water. In t
his work the method of ultrafiltration was used for determination of fract
ionation composition of Sr(II)\, Th(IV)\, U(VI) in natural basin in the vi
cinity of the Mayak Production Association (South Urals\, RF) [1]. Samples
of nature water from the Malishevo lake\; Sosnovskoe lake\; Techa river\,
Shelkun lake\; Karasie lake\, Komarovo pound\, Cherviannoe lake was inves
tigated. Sampling of the nature water was carried out in spring (May) 2009
to determine radionuclides and investigate their physicochemical state (s
peciation). Samples selection and preparation techniques met the recommend
ations of the Public Health Ministry of the USSR. For the separation of ea
ch of the fractions we used the synthesized nanocmposite track membranes N
CTMs with conducting titanium oxynitride coating to determine fractionatio
n and chemical composition of suspensions and colloids in natural water. T
his NCTM were obtained from polymer track membrane by modification of the
surface and volume of pore space by deposition inorganic high-strength tit
anium oxynitride layers with different thickness by the method of ion-plas
ma sputtering [1]. In this work we used membranes produced in Flerov Labor
atory of Nuclear Reactions\, JINR (Dubna\, Russia) with initial pore size
100 – 3000 nm as a precursor to synthesize membranes with advanced chemi
cal and mechanical properties. These coatings make it possible to simultan
eously vary the size of the entrance pores within necessary limits (from 1
00 nm to 1-10 nm) and the physicochemical characteristics of the final com
posite. NCTMs allowed not only fractionate suspensions\, colloids and mole
cular-ions fractions\, but visualized and described natural nano-dimension
al objects. By using conducting NCTM we have carried out non-invasive chem
ical identification of biological and geochemical suspension and colloid m
aterials by means of EM and EDX methods. The NCTM was shown to separate ab
out 10-20 % of Sr(II)\, Th(IV)\, U(VI) concentrations from nature water sa
mples with the size >0\,1mkm. This fractions consists of Mg-Si-Ca-Fe\, CaS
O4\, biological materials (diatomaceous algae). Our collaborators from IPA
E UB RAS have investigate and identified the types of algaes (Figure). It
was shone that molecular-ions fractions of the above elements is in the ra
nge 80-90 % of their concentrations.\n Literature. [1]. Polyakov E.V.\, Kh
lebnikov N.A.\, Surikov V.T.\, Trapesnikov A.V.\, Udachin V.N.\, Remez V.P
. Radioprotection. 2009. V. 44. № 5. P. 209-215\; [2] N.A. Khlebnikov\,
E.V. Polyakov\, S.V. Borisov\, O.P. Shepatkovski\, M.V. Kuznetsov\, S.V. S
mirnov\, P.P. Matafonov Development of nanocomposite track membranes modif
ied with titanium oxynitride coating.– Abstracts of Young Researchers Co
mpetition\, Nanotechnology international forum\, 2009\, Moscow\, RF\, p.
336-337.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/225/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/225/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Kinetics of neptunium(V) conversion in strong nitric acid solution
s containing potassium phosphotungstate\, K10P2W17O61
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-259@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vladimir Chistyakov (Russia\, Rosatom\, JSC"State Sc
ientific Center-Research Institute of Atomic Reactors"\, Radiochemical Uni
t)\n\nBehavior of Np(V) in strong nitric acid solutions with different str
ength (1\,0 ÷ 3\,0) mol∙l-1 and KPW (1 ÷ 5)∙10-3 mol∙l-1\, conta
ining potassium phosphotungstate\, K10P2W17O61 (KPW) is examined by spectr
ophotometric method .\n It is established that Np (V) final conversion
products under studied experimental conditions are Np (IV) and Np (VI)\, a
nd the process is going in accordance with a first-order rate law in regar
d to neptunium(V) concentration.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/co
ntributions/259/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/259/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrochemical separation of actinides from molten LiCl-KCl on so
lid Al cathodes
DTSTART:20100419T033000Z
DTEND:20100419T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-228@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: R. Malmbeck (European Commission\, JRC\, Institute f
or Transuranium Elements\, P.O. Box 2340\, 76125 Karlsruhe\, Germany)\, P.
Souček (European Commission\, JRC\, Institute for Transuranium Elements\
, P.O. Box 2340\, 76125 Karlsruhe\, Germany)\, C. Nourry (European Commiss
ion\, JRC\, Institute for Transuranium Elements\, P.O. Box 2340\, 76125 Ka
rlsruhe\, Germany)\, J.-P. Glatz (European Commission\, JRC\, Institute fo
r Transuranium Elements\, P.O. Box 2340\, 76125 Karlsruhe\, Germany)\n\nTo
comply with the sustainability goals defined for innovative reactor syste
ms\, a waste minimization through recycling of all actinides is required a
nd can be realised using a so-called Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T)
concept inherent to the reactor systems. It is obvious that the correspond
ing fuel cycles will play a central role because an efficient and selectiv
e recovery of the key elements is mandatory. \nOne of the major goals is t
o develop and implement clean waste technologies using a global actinide m
anagement. For this purpose\, advanced fuel cycle processes with full acti
nide fuel technologies and ultimate waste forms with a minimal content in
actinides (3 species into the molten salt electrolyte. The separation is b
ased on electrodeposition of the actinides on a cathode leaving the fissio
n products in the bulk. \nThe choice of cathode material onto which the ac
tinides are deposited during electrolysis is essential. Molten Cd and Bi h
ave been widely used because they are reactive electrodes\, i.e they form
stable alloys with the actinides. This alloying inhibits the re-dissolutio
n of the electrodeposited trivalent actinides by a comproportionation reac
tion with not deposited An(III) in the salt melt and thus allows an effici
ent recovery of An metal. The redox potentials on solid cathodes show a di
fference in the reduction potential between actinides and lanthanides whic
h is about 3 times higher than for liquid cathodes\, improving obviously a
separation of these two element groups. Solid Al cathodes unite both adva
ntageous properties\, i.e. the large difference in the electrodeposition p
otential and the reactivity to form alloys. Therefore we use Al electrodes
for our electrochemical partitioning studies.\nIn view of a grouped actin
ide recycling\, foreseen in the fuel cycles of new generation reactors\, e
lectrorefining experiments using a fuel with the overall composition U61Pu
22Zr10Am2Ln5 were carried out. The metallic alloy was anodically dissolved
in a LiCl-KCl eutectic and the actinides were co-deposited on Al cathodes
as alloys\, leaving more than 98% of the lanthanides in the salt phase. T
he results of a multiple-run electrorefining experiment without changing t
he salt bath\, are very promising in view of a large-scale development of
pyroreprocessing in advanced nuclear fuel cycles. They demonstrate that a
grouped actinide recovery better than 99.9% are possible and therefore rep
resent an important step towards achieving the sustainability goals of fut
ure reactor systems.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/
228/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/228/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Specific activity of 40K in drinking water in Slovenia
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-229@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Matjaž Korun (J. Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slo
venia)\, Marijan Necemer (J. Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Be
njamin Zorko (J. Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Matej Lipoglav
šek (J. Stefan Institute\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Toni Petrovic (Student
of Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia
)\n\nThe European legislation (Council Directive 98/83/ec) requests the me
mber sates to control the radioactive contamination of drinking water. As
a part of these measurements γ-ray spectrometric measurements are perform
ed. Samples of 50 L of water are evaporated and the residue after evaporat
ion is measured. Typically\, 20 g – 40 g of residue is obtained. \nSince
by γ-ray spectrometry activity concentrations of radioactive isotopes em
itting γ-rays can be determined also the concentration of natural 40K in
the samples is measured. The measurements of activity concentration of 40K
are relatively easy since it radiates at an energy\, where no interferenc
e with other γ-ray emitters occurs. \nDrinking water in Slovenia is gaine
d mainly from the ground water. Therefore the concentration of potassium i
n drinking water reflects the properties of the rock of the aquifer as wel
l as the geochemical conditions there. The activity concentration of 40K i
n drinking water may bear information on the circumstances in the aquifer
from where drinking water is extracted. \nIn the contribution the correlat
ion between the activity concentration of 40K in drinking water and the po
tassium concentration in the soil will be presented. The correlation will
be discussed in terms of the geological properties of the aquifers and the
level of the water table.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribu
tions/229/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/229/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:CINCH - Cooperation in education in nuclear chemistry
DTSTART:20100423T054500Z
DTEND:20100423T060000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-230@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bruce Hanson (National Nuclear Laboratory Ltd.\, Uni
ted Kingdom)\, Antonín Vokál (Nuclear Research Institute Rez plc\, Czech
Republic)\, Jan Uhlíř (Nuclear Research Institute Rez plc\, Czech Repub
lic)\, Alexandre Chagnes (Ecole national superieure de chimie de Paris\, F
rance)\, Gerard Cote (Ecole national superieure de chimie de Paris\, Franc
e)\, Ramiz A. Aliev (Moscow State University\, Russia)\, Stepan Kalmykov (
Moscow State University\, Russia)\, Risto Harjula (University of Helsinki
– Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Finland)\, Marja Siitari-Kauppi (Univer
sity of Helsinki – Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Finland)\, Teija Koivu
la (University of Helsinki – Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Finland)\, J
ukka Lehto (University of Helsinki – Laboratory of Radiochemistry\, Finl
and)\, Gunnar Skarnemark (Chalmers University of Technology\, Gothenburg\,
Sweden)\, Teodora Retegan (Chalmers University of Technology\, Gothenburg
\, Sweden)\, Christian Ekberg (Chalmers University of Technology\, Gothenb
urg\, Sweden)\, Mojmír Němec (CTU in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chem
istry)\, Václav Čuba (CTU in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry)\,
Jan John (CTU in Prague\, FNSPE\, Centre for Radiochemistry and Radiation
Chemistry)\n\nThe renaissance of nuclear power is already requiring a sig
nificant increase in the number of the respective specialists\, amongst ot
hers are nuclear chemists. Because the current situation in nuclear chemis
try education and training in Europe is quite diverse\, a project for coop
eration in education in nuclear chemistry (CINCH) seemed to be needed. \nT
he project aims to coordinate the education in Nuclear Chemistry\, both at
Ph.D. and undergraduate levels\, within the EU\, in collaboration with Ru
ssia. The system developed should enable formation of a long-term Euratom
Fission Training Scheme (EFTS) providing a common basis to the fragmented
activities in this field and thus move the education and training in nucle
ar chemistry to a qualitatively new level. The main cornerstones of the pr
oject are: coordination of the education\, training and e-learning/dissemi
nation in Nuclear Chemistry. A careful supervision and evaluation will be
carried-out by an Advisory Board of end-users\, academia and NGO (such as
e.g. ENEN association).\nPrevious experience gained by ENEN association d
uring the coordination of nuclear engineering education together with data
collected by the Division of Nuclear and Radiochemistry of EuChemMS (DNRC
) and IAEA will strengthen the base of CINCH.\nAlso\, the project will ser
ve as support and supplement to the training modules of EUROATOM “chemic
al” IPs and NOEs\, namely that of ACTINET\, ACSEPT\, etc\; thus providin
g synergy rather than competition in the field.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/230/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/230/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Accelerator Mass Spectrometry – from archaeology to astrophysics
and human DNA
DTSTART:20100419T030000Z
DTEND:20100419T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-231@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Walter Kutschera (Vienna Environmental Research Acce
lerator (VERA)\, Faculty of Physics – Isotope Research\, University of V
ienna\, Austria)\n\nThe advancement of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS)
some 30 years ago opened the possibility to detect long-lived radionuclid
es (both natural and man-made) through isotopic abundance measurements dow
n to a level of ~10-16. It thus became possible to explore our world atom
by atom in almost every section of the environment at large. Worldwide the
re are about 80 facilities in operation covering a large range of applicat
ions. The Vienna Environmental Research Accelerator (VERA) is an AMS facil
ity for ‘all’ isotopes\, based on a 3 MV tandem accelerator. The princ
iple of AMS will be described with reference to this facility\, and a few
selected examples will be discussed.\nA well-known application of AMS is r
adiocarbon (14C) dating in archaeology and other fields\, where the counti
ng of atoms as compared to the classical way of counting beta decays incre
ased the 14C detection sensitivity by literally a factor of a million. Thi
s allowed us to date small samples of a very precious skull of the earlies
t humans in Europe\, excavated some 100 years ago from the Mladec cave nea
r Olomouc in the Czech Republic1\, and preserved at the Museum of Natural
History in Vienna. \nAt VERA we also started to explore areas of the nuc
lear landscape beyond any known isotope\, such as the one around Z=114\, N
= 186\, where an ‘island of stability’ for Super Heavy Elements (SHE)
has long been predicted. If there are SHE isotopes with half-lives in the
hundred-million-year range\, it may be possible to find traces of them in
natural materials left over from the formation of the solar system. We hav
e conducted such an AMS search and will report on recent results2 and futu
re experiments.\nIn the previous experiment we pursued experiments to find
isotopes\, which have been synthesized in stars before our solar system e
ven existed.. The last example deals with events which happened during the
last 50 years. Atmospheric nuclear weapons testing during the late 1950s
and early 1960s led to a doubling of the 14C content in the atmosphere. Af
ter the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963\, the rapid distribution of the ex
cess 14C (‘14C bomb peak’) into the biosphere including humans allows
one to study the formation of new cells in the human body after birth3. Th
is can be accomplished by extracting DNA from millions of cell nuclei and
measuring the 14C content in them. Brain cells\, heart cells\, and fat cel
ls have been investigated so far\, leading to new insights into cell birth
dates and turnover times\, respectively.\nIn addition to the biomedical a
pplication\, the 14C bomb peak provides an important means to study the dy
namics of the CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere and
biosphere\, respectively. This is of utmost importance for a deeper unders
tanding of our climate on earth.\n\nReferences:\n1. Wild et al.: Nature 43
5\, 332 (2005).\n2. Dellinger at al.: NIM B (2009) on line.\n3. Spalding e
t al.: Cell 122\, 133 (2005).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/231/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/231/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Education in nuclear chemistry at the Czech Technical University i
n Prague
DTSTART:20100423T053000Z
DTEND:20100423T054500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-232@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mojmír Němec (CTU in Prague\, Department of Nuclea
r Chemistry)\, Jan John (CTU in Prague\, Centre for Radochemistry and Radi
ation Chemistry)\, Václav Čuba (CTU in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Ch
emistry)\n\nDepartment of Nuclear Chemistry (DNRC) exists at the Faculty o
f Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering of the Czech Technical Univers
ity in Prague since the establishment of this faculty in 1955. From the be
ginning\, many recognized scientists were involved in the department activ
ities\, among others František Běhounek (student of Marie Curie)\, Jiř
í Starý and Petr Beneš. Since 2003\, part of the research activities ha
s been carried on in the newly established Centre for Radiochemistry and R
adiation Chemistry (CRRC). The Department\, together with the Centre\, pro
vide education in nuclear chemistry at three different levels – each com
monly taking three years of study\; we put emphasis on versatility and ada
ptability of graduates of all levels. \nEducation of students at bachelor
level is firmly rooted in physical and nuclear chemistry\, with good basic
s in analytical\, organic\, inorganic and biochemistry\, including practic
al exercises. Candidates of bachelor degree must pass state exams from gen
eral chemistry and nuclear chemistry. They must also successfully defend b
achelor theses. \nMaster level courses encompass all disciplines of nuclea
r and radiochemistry\, including separation chemistry\, trace radiochemist
ry\, radiation chemistry\, chemistry of radioactive elements\, radioanalyt
ical methods\, chemistry of nuclear fuel cycle\, application of radionucli
des\, radiation methods in biology and medicine etc. Students may choose f
rom three specializations - applied nuclear chemistry\, environmental nucl
ear chemistry and nuclear chemistry in biology and medicine\, practical ab
ilities are trained in extended laboratory exercises from nuclear chemistr
y. Candidates defend diploma theses and pass state exams from nuclear chem
istry\, physical chemistry and one elective subject. \nThe Ph.D. level cou
rse is oriented on independent research of the candidates. Moreover\, all
of them must also attend highly specialized lectures relevant to their spe
cific field of study\; the main fields of research are oriented on the che
mistry of nuclear fuel cycle\, radiation methods and radionuclide behaviou
r in the environment. Students have to pass Ph.D. state exam and defend th
eir theses.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/232/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/232/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Gross α activity determination in water and 210Po
DTSTART:20100423T040000Z
DTEND:20100423T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-233@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ivo Světlík (Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR)\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/233/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/233/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Division of Nuclear- and Radiochemistry of EuCheMS - Status Report
DTSTART:20100423T060000Z
DTEND:20100423T061000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-234@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heinz Gäggeler (Paul Scherrer Institute\, PSI Villi
gen\, Switzerland)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/23
4/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/234/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption of Ni and Eu in a multi-element system
DTSTART:20100420T083000Z
DTEND:20100420T085000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-235@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Evans N.D.M (Loughboroough University)\, Fidelis Sam
eh Ebong (Loughborough University)\n\nAt present the immobilisation of Hig
h Level Waste (HLW) in vitreous matrices followed by their burial in deep
geological repository systems\, composed of natural and engineered barrier
s to isolate the long lived radionuclides from the biosphere is the most p
referred procedure. Granitic rock formations are being considered as host
rocks for such geological repositories1. The study of the sorption of radi
onuclides onto geological media is\, therefore\, an important part of the
safety assessment of deep geological disposal of radioactive waste. Due to
the many combinations of adsorbents\, data collection in multicomponent s
ystems (MCS) is complex\; therefore mathematical models have been develope
d to predict multicomponent (MC) sorption based on the adsorption properti
es of each element2. The problem of predicting adsorption based on the inf
ormation of single component isotherms is still a challenge in adsorption
studies. Multi-element sorption systems were examined in the last century\
, however\, none of these studies dealt with competitive adsorption and on
ly a few dealt with the selectivity of the sorption processes3. Several is
otherm models have been used to model experimental data obtained from mixe
d radionuclide systems. One of the commonest of these models shown below.\
n\n• Qmix/Q0 > 1\, the sorption is promoted by the presence of other
\n metal ions\, \n• Qmix/Q0 = 1\, there appears to
be no observable effect and\,\n• Qmix/Q0 \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/235/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/235/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A study of heterogeneous equilibria in the saturated aqueous solut
ions of uranoarsenates and uranophosphates of alkaline and alkaline-earth
elements
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-239@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Yuliya Pykhova (Nizhny Novgorod State University nam
ed after N.I. Lobachevsky)\, Nikolay Chernorukov (Nizhny Novgorod State Un
iversity named after N.I. Lobachevsky)\, Oxana Nipruk (Nizhny Novgorod Sta
te University named after N.I. Lobachevsky)\n\nUranoarsenates and uranopho
sphates belong to a numerous difficult soluble compounds that can be forme
d by the ingress of various uranium-containing waste in the environment an
d can also be used as uranium-fixing matrices in technological processes.
Research of the state of these compounds in aqueous solutions\, of their h
ydrolytic stability and solubility\, and of transformations of uranoarsena
tes and uranophosphates into other chemical compounds both in the solid ph
ase and in a solution is important. In this work detailed research of the
state of Mk(BvUO6)k.nH2O compounds (Bv–As\,P\; Mk–H+\,Li+\,Na+\,K+\,Rb
+\,Cs+\,NH4+\,Mg2+\,Ca2+\, Sr2+\,Ba2+) in aqueous solutions at 25°C withi
n a wide range of acidity is presented.\nIt has been found that behavior o
f all Mk(BvUO6)k.nH2O compounds in aqueous solutions obeys the general law
s due to their structural and functional similarity. Acidity has the most
essential effect on the chemical stability of uranium compounds under stud
y. Composition and structure of the solid phase\, ionic-molecular forms\,
and concentrations of U(VI)\, As(V)\, P(V) and Mk in equilibrium solutions
depend on pH. In acidic medium (рН6∙4H2O is formed as a result of ion
ic exchange in the solid phase. In the case of the Mk(BvUO6)k∙nH2O inter
action with aqueous solutions of the alkaline elements hydroxides (рН>10
) As(V) and P(V) are leached into the solution and insoluble uranates are
formed. In the intermediate interval (22)3(AsO4)2∙12H2O\, (UO2)3(PO4)2
∙8H2O and UO3.2H2O as synthetic analogues of the natural minerals should
be mentioned among these phases. The solubility of all compounds with for
mulae Mk(BvUO6)k.nH2O has minimal value in neutral solutions (10-6-10-5М)
and sharply increases with addition of acid or base. The uranophosphates
are characterized by higher chemical stability than uranoarsenates. The fi
ner distinctions in behavior of Mk(AsUO6)k.nH2O and Mk(PUO6)k.nH2O are cau
sed by the nature of the Mk elements\, and they reveal themselves in conve
rsions of the secondary phase formation reactions and in the acidity-base
intervals of the primary solid phase existence.\nA physicochemical model c
haracterizing quantitatively the equilibrium state in the heterogeneous sy
stems under study is proposed for predicting the processes occuring when i
norganic uranium compounds dissolve. Using the model it is possible to cal
culate the state diagrams of the solid phases and the equilibrium solution
s over the phases. In addition\, it is possible to evaluate various hetero
geneous equilibria constants.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/239/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/239/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of strontium-90 in foodstuff
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-240@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: M. J. Madruga (Nuclear and Technological Institute/
Radiological Protection and Safety Unit)\, J. Abrantes (Nuclear and Techno
logical Institute/ Radiological Protection and Safety Unit)\, A. Mourato (
Nuclear and Technological Institute/ Radiological Protection and Safety Un
it)\, I. Lopes (Nuclear and Technological Institute/ Radiological Protecti
on and Safety Unit)\n\nThe Nuclear and Technological Institute (ITN) has t
he legal responsibility to carry out the environmental radiological monito
ring at a national level. This survey was planned to provide relevant info
rmation on radioactivity levels in different components of the ecosystem (
atmosphere\, aquatic and terrestrial environments). In what concerns the t
errestrial environment the evaluation of the strontium-90 (90Sr) concentra
tions in food samples has been performed through analyses of milk\, comple
ted meals\, meat and vegetables. Strontium-90 (90Sr) is a radioactive isot
ope of strontium\, with a long half life (28.8 years) that could be taken
by man through food chain transfer due to its biochemical similarity with
calcium. A method based on the separation of 90Sr by extraction chromatogr
aphy and beta determination by Liquid Scintillation Counting technique was
used for strontium analysis in food samples. The trials were carried out
using 7g of ash samples\, and then dissolved in concentrated nitric acid.
Following additional precipitation steps the sample is loaded onto a colum
n with 3 grams of commercial Sr-resin. This resin is specific to Sr ions a
nd enables a rapid and simple separation of strontium from calcium\, potas
sium and many other elements. The column is rinsed with 8M HNO3 and 3M HNO
3 and after this two washing steps\, the strontium retained in the column\
, is stripped at the end with 0.05M HNO3. The strontium solution eluted is
collected in a beaker and the chemical yield was determined by gravimetri
c method. The strontium precipitate is dissolved with 8 mL of 0.1M HCl and
added to 12 mL of the Ultima Gold LLT scintillation cocktail. The 90Sr ac
tivity was determined after 90Y ingrowths in the channel region 250-800 ke
V using a counting time of 120 minutes. Validation trials to evaluate the
accuracy and the precision of the method were performed using 90Sr spiked
samples. The method has been applied to the 90Sr determination of complete
d meals\, meat and vegetables. Results of validation trials and food analy
sis will be presented and discussed in this paper.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.
cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/240/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/240/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In vitro study of proteins surface activity by tritium probe
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-241@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gennadii Badun (Lomonosov Moscow State University)\,
Maria Chernysheva (Lomonosov Moscow State University)\n\nThe behavior of
biological active compounds in aqueous/oil systems is usually used as a mo
del of their interaction with the lipid membrane of the cells. Thus\, stud
y of the processes proceeding in the system of two immiscible liquids is a
central question of the research. In this work we propose to use tritium
labeled bioactive compounds and scintillation phase method [1] for studyin
g adsorption and partition of the substances in aqueous/oil systems.\nTwo
water-soluble proteins\, lysozyme and human serum albumin\, were under the
test. Tritium label was introduced into the protein molecules by tritium
thermal activation technique. The labeling was carried out according to th
e improved procedure [2] that allowed increasing the specific radioactivit
y and the yield of labeled compound. Keeping target temperature during the
reaction with atomic tritium at 295 K was an innovation. Variation of the
W-wire temperature\, the gas pressure and the exposition time leads to op
timum conditions for tritium introduction into the proteins. Tritium-label
ed proteins were purified by dialysis and size exclusion chromatography.\n
Scintillation phase experiment was conducted for three organic liquids tha
t were used as scintillators\, namely p-xylene\, octane and octanol. To pr
ovide octane and octanol with scintillation properties naphthalene and 2\,
5-diphenyloxazole were added. The experiment was carried out according the
procedure described in Ref. [1].\nPartition coefficients and adsorption i
sotherms of the proteins in aqueous/oil systems were obtained. The profoun
d effect of the organic phase nature on the protein behavior was observed.
\nThe presence of ionic surfactants in the system can influence on protein
behavior. Tritium probe is a unique instrument that allowed experimental
studying interference of surfactants and proteins in aqueous/oil system. W
e observed that e.g. lysozyme can be substituted from water/p-xylene inter
face by both cationic and anionic surfactants and vice versa protein subst
ituted surfactant. But the mechanism of protein-surfactant interaction dep
ends on the charge of protein and surfactant. The reasons for the differen
t results of substitution will be discussed.\n\nThis work was supported by
RFBR (grant # 09-03-00819).\n\n1. Chernysheva M.G.\, Tyasto Z.A.\, Badun
G.A.\, J. Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chem. 2009. V. 280. P. 303–306. \n
2. Badun G.A.\, Chernysheva M.G.\, Proc. VIII Finish-Russian Symp. on Radi
ochemistry\, September 4-5\, 2009\, Turku\, Finland. P.96.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/241/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/241/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Age dating of the hot spring waters in Korea using natural radionu
clides
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-243@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kil Yong Lee (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mine
ral Resources)\, Yoon Yeol Yoon (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources)\, Tae Jong Lee (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Reso
urces)\, Tong Kweon Kim (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resourc
es)\, Seung Gu Lee (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)\n
\nThe use of radioactive isotopes as a groundwater-dating tool plays an im
portant role in assessing the dynamics of groundwater systems\, essential
for the characterization of water resources and planning its exploitation.
In hydrogeological studies the application of radioisotopes with a short
half-life (below 100 year) is limited in dating old groundwater. However\,
they can be extremely helpful in solving another type of question such as
the identification of mixing between old and young groundwater systems. W
ithin the environmental radioisotopes\, 3H cannot be detected in waters mo
re than approximately 50–60 years old due to the short half-life (t1/2=1
2.32 year). Among the radioactive isotopes with a half-life greater than
1 ka\, 14C (t1/2 = 5730 year) represents the most important tool in ground
water dating. This radioisotope is present in the atmosphere\, soil\, aqui
fer matrix\, etc. \nUsing these two radioisotopes\, the age of the hot spr
ing waters in Korea were estimated. And also\, some other natural radioiso
topes\, Ra and U\, were analyzed to know the characteristics of the hot sp
ring waters. \nMost hot spring waters are founded in granite region in Kor
ea and the Mesozoic granites at the southern part in the Korean Peninsula
are divided into two groups\, Jurassic Daebo-granite and Cretaceous Bulguk
sa granite. High temperature hot springs more than 40°C occur in the abov
e granite areas. Therefore\, fifteen hot spring waters were collected and
the contents of 3H\, 14C and other radionuclides were determined. Tritium
concentration in hot spring waters were very low\, therefore\, they were c
oncentrated using the Ni-Ni electrolytic enrichment method. And it was ana
lyzed using low background liquid scintillation counter. Dissolved carbona
te was precipitated with BaNO3 to BaCO3 form and it was reacted with phosp
horic acid to produce CO2. Finally\, CO2 was converted graphite. After the
n\, it was analyzed using AMS.\nTritium in the most hot spring samples cou
ld not detected and it was ranged \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/243/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/243/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Natural and artificial radioactivity in soils from Romanian sites
determined by &gamma\;-ray spectrometry
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-245@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: I. Iulia Georgescu (University “Politehnica” Buc
harest\, Polizu Str. 1\, 78123 Bucharest\, Romania)\, Eugen Pincovschi (Un
iversity “Politehnica” Bucharest\, Polizu Str. 1\, 78123 Bucharest\, R
omania)\, ANA PANTELICA (Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and
Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH))\n\nThis paper presents the radioactivity le
vels of 137Cs man-made and naturally occurring radionuclides (40K\, 235U\,
238U-decay series\, and 232Th-decay series) in Romanian soils from severa
l industrial sites\, determined by low background gamma- ray spectrometry.
\nAgricultural soil samples were collected from the vicinity of the phosp
hate fertilizer plant at Turnu Magurele\, as well as from non-ferrous and
chemical industry sites at Copsa Mica and Pitesti. Control samples from ag
riculture and non-specific industry locations were considered (Crevedia an
d Magurele). \nSurface soil samples were collected from six locations with
different degrees and types of industrial activity (Baia Mare\, Copşa Mi
că\, Deva\, Galaţi\, Oradea\, Afumati)\, and a background site with rela
tively clean air in the Carpathian Mountains (Fundata). \nThis method make
s it possible to assess U\, Th\, and K concentrations in soil samples by m
easuring 238U and 232Th (in equilibrium with their radioactive daughters)\
, and 40K specific activities. Their values were found to be in agreement
with those determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA)\,
through neutron irradiation of soil samples and appropriate standards at
TRIGA reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Researches in Pitesti. \nThe rad
ioactivity levels in the investigated soils were compared with Romanian no
rms for the environmental radioactivity and literature data. \nThe researc
h was supported in part by PNCDI II 72-172/ 01.10.2008 Project in Romania.
\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/245/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/245/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:k0-INAA using comparator and neutron flux monitor at CD
TN/CNEN\, Brazil: advantages and disadvantages
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-248@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Radojko Jaćimović (Jožef Stefan Institute\, Depar
tment of Environmental Sciences\, Ljubljana\, Slovenia)\, Maria Angela Me
nezes (Nuclear Technology Development Centre / Brazilian Commission for Nu
clear Energy\, Division for Reactor and Analytical Techniques\, Belo Horiz
onte\, Brazil)\n\nMany laboratories apply the k0-INAA and several of them
use comparators and spread sheet instead of neutron flux monitors and soft
ware for analysis and calculations. At the Laboratory for Neutron Activati
on Analysis\, CDTN/CNEN\, two variations of the k0-INAA are used\, one is
called in house k0-“monostandard” method - using comparator - and the
other is the well known k0-standardization method - with neutron flux moni
tor. The first one\, k0-“monostandard”\, is an alternative method and
it is used in some specific situations. This method is carried out with so
dium as comparator\, the values for f and α are average values for the ca
rousel facility of the TRIGA MARK I IPR-R1 reactor and each sample is irra
diated in one irradiation channel. The calculations are carried out with s
pread sheet. \nConcerning the k0-standardisation method\, it is applied ir
radiating the samples pile in the irradiation vial and intercalated by neu
tron flux monitor Al-Au (0.1%) IRMM-530RA foil cut into 6 mm diameter and
0.1 mm thick. The irradiation is performed in one irradiation channel in w
hich the values for f and α were determined in this specific channel. For
the calculation of the elemental concentrations\, a software package call
ed Kayzero for Windows is used. \nIn this paper\, advantages and disadvant
ages of both procedures are discussed basing on the results of the referen
ce material GBW 07401 (soil) analysed by both procedures.\n\nhttps://indic
o.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/248/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/248/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Solubility and sorption behavior of monazite chemical components i
n humic acid solution
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-249@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Evgeny Polyakov (Institute of Solid State Chemistry\
, UB RAS)\, Ilia Volkov (Instotute of solid state chemistry\, UB RAS)\n\nB
y using the method of solubility it is shown that long (15 days) exposure
of monazite powder in the aqueous solutions of natural or synthetic humic
acids (HA) give rise to 10 to 100 times more high solubility of heavy p-
\, d- и f-elements of Periodic system of D.I. Mendeleev in comparing with
humic-less solutions. The level and rate of the solubility is shown to d
epend on the initial concentration of HA in solution and pH (fig.1). The c
onclusion is made that the resistance of inorganic phosphates toward HA sh
ould be taken into consideration in the construction of phosphate matrixe
s for immobilization of poisonous and radioactive chemical elements. \nAn
other aspect of monazite solubility in HA natural water solutions concerns
transfer the solubility products\, the humic complexes of p-\, d- и f-e
lements through heterogeneous porous media with ion-exchange properties. T
his problem is extremely complicated and manifold [1\,2]. As a first appro
ximation the transfer (or sorption\, S) of the microelements (ME) in the c
onsidering “gross-system”\, which assumed to include the water soluble
and colloid HA\, HA- and hydroxo-complexes of ME\, the ion-exchanger\, de
pends on the heterogeneous interaction in the sub-systems “ME-ion-exchan
ger”\, “ME-HA”\, “HA-ion-exchanger”. In the frame of this concep
t [2] the presentation summarize experimental data on sorption behavior of
La(III)\, Th(IV)\, U(VI)\, Sr(II) and other microelements\, the soluble c
hemical components of monazite in HA water solutions\, toward strong catio
n-exchanger in Na-form. Example of such a data shows (fig.2.)\, that sorpt
ion of a ME is strongly depends on the HA solubility as a function of pH.
Another coexisting factor is the “ME - HA(colloid)” – “ME- ion-exc
hanger” competitive sorption at critical micelle concentration point (pH
\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/249/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/249/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Functionalized latex particles for preparation of colloid-stable n
anosized selective sorbents and composite materials for decontamination of
radioactive waste
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-250@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Veniamin Zheleznov (Institute of Chemistry FEBRAS)\,
Oleg Voitenko (Far East National University)\, Irina Sheveleva (Institute
of Chemistry FEBRAS)\, Eugene Modin (Far East National University)\, Dmit
ry Marinin (Institute of Chemistry FEBRAS)\, Andrey Egorin (Institute of C
hemistry FEBRAS)\, Svetlana Bratskaya (Institute of Chemistry FEBRAS)\, Va
lentin Avramenko (Institute of Chemistry FEBRAS)\n\nHere we discuss prepar
ation of a new type of colloid-stable nanosized sorbents based on function
alized latex particles\, which can be directly applied for decontamination
of liquid and solid radioactive wastes or used for construction of fibro
us or mesoporous composite sorption materials. Carboxylic latex (siloxane-
acrylate and polystyrene-acrylate) functionalization is performed via immo
bilization of nanocrystals of the selective to radionuclides sorbents (fer
rocyanides of transition metals and sulfates of calcium/barium) into the p
olymer matrix. \nThe presence of anionic centers on the latex particle sur
faces stipulates for the possibility of binding to them ions of divalent m
etal-precursors of selective sorbents. With the added metal concentration
increase one can observe the decrease of electrokinetic potential (by modu
le) at invariable particle size. The residual negative charge on the surfa
ce provides the system high colloid stability. To form stable nanoparticle
s of a selective sorbent it is crucial to limit the amount of introduced d
ivalent metal ions by the beginning of the plateau on the dependence of el
ectrokinetic potential on the metal concentration in solution. AFM imaging
of the functionalized latex particles shows that\, as a result of introdu
cing cobalt ferrocyanide nanoparticles\, the initially spherical polystyre
ne-acrylate (PA) particles transform into a cubic shape\, which is charact
eristic for ferrocyanide macrocrystals. \nDue to immobilization into stabl
e polymer colloids\, the selective sorbents nanoparticles preserve high st
ability at filtration in porous media. After 50 filtration cycles of emuls
ion of the siloxane-acrylate (SA) latex with immobilized nanoparticles of
cobalt ferrocyanide through a layer of natural zeolite\, the cobalt conten
t in the emulsion remained nearly constant. When such colloid-stable sorbe
nts are directly applied for decontamination\, after radionuclides sorptio
n the stability of such systems can be controllably reduced by addition o
f cationic flocculants\, thus providing high efficiency of radionuclide re
moval from solution. The combination of high selectivity of nanosized sorb
ents immobilized into latex particles with ease of their removal from solu
tion by flocculation/coagulation process enables one to recommend the deve
loped schemes for different materials decontamination\, first of all\, for
solid bulky wastes – soils\, grounds\, metal constructions. To extend s
uggested approach for production of different types of sorption materials
pre-formed colloidal-stable selective sorbents were deposited on carbon f
ibers by electrochemical method or used as a template during formation of
mesoporous SiO2\, ZrO2 and TiO2 sorbents. The selective sorption materials
obtained showed good kinetics of radionuclides sorption and distribution
coefficients for cesium up to 1e+7.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1
/contributions/250/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/250/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Cs\, Pu and Am sorption to natural clay and their various componen
ts: laboratory experiments and modeling
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-251@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Vytautas Aninkevičius (Semiconductor Physics Instit
ute\, A. Goštauto 11\, Vilnius LT-01108\, Lithuania)\, Loreta Levinskait
ė (Institute of Botany\, Žaliųjų ežerų 49\, Lt-2021\, Vilnius Lithua
nia)\, Eglė Radžiūtė (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231\, Viln
ius\, LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Dušan Vopalka (Czech Technical University i
n Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1\, Brehova 7\, Czech
Republic)\, Justina Šapolaitė (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231
\, Vilnius\, LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Karel Štamberg (Czech Technical Univ
ersity in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1\, Brehova 7\
, Czech Republic)\, Petr Beneš (Czech Technical University in Prague\, De
partment of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1\, Brehova 7\, Czech Republic)\, G
alina Lujaniene (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231\, Vilnius\, LT-
02300\, Lithuania)\n\nNatural clay and iron minerals of complex compositio
n are reactive mineral phases which can affect retardation and transport o
f radionuclides in the environment. Therefore\, it is important to underst
and and quantify sorption of radionuclides on them. Sorption of Cs\, Pu(IV
)\, Pu(V) and Am(III) at trace concentrations on three well characterized
samples of Triassic clay as a function of pH and composition of solution a
nd contact time was studied. Sorption experiments were also performed with
three iron oxide minerals found in the clay mineral coatings and microorg
anisms (bacteria and fungi) isolated from the clay and groundwater samples
with the aim of better understanding the effects of various natural clay
components on the speciation and sorption behavior of radionuclides. The
character of bonding of Cs\, Pu and Am to the clay samples was analyzed b
y sequential extraction (SE). Solvent extraction techniques (using TTA\, H
DEHP\, DBM and PMBP)\, ultrafiltration and alpha spectrometry as well as I
CP-MS were employed to characterize the oxidation states of the plutonium
species in liquid and solid phases. \nThe results have indicated that iron
oxide coatings play an important role in binding of Pu(IV) on the clay\,
whereas ion exchange and CaCO3 were found to be responsible for the bindin
g of Am(III). The coatings also affected Cs sorption from solutions of var
iable ionic strength. Sorption experiments with microorganisms indicated t
hat bacteria and fungi can exert different effect on the sorption behavior
of Pu. Kinetic data evaluated by kinetic models derived for six different
control processes mostly indicated a sorption mechanism controlled by Pu
or Am diffusion in the inert layer on the surface of clay. Corresponding k
inetic coefficients were determined. Surface complexation modeling of the
sorption dependence on pH using a two-site surface complexation model show
ed high affinity of all the minerals for Pu(OH)3+ at pH > 4. Iron oxide mi
nerals also sorbed Pu(OH)40: goethite at pH>8\, hematite at pH=7-9 and ma
gnetite at pH > 5.5. Am3+ and Am(NO3)2+ were found to be the most selec
tively sorbed species on all the minerals from NaNO3 solutions in the pH r
ange of 3.5-5\, whereas AmOH2+ and Am(OH)2+ were sorbed to a different ext
ent on different minerals at pH 5-9.\nThe stability constants obtained by
modeling have indicated that the sorption affinity of the clay for Pu is h
igher than that of the iron oxides studied\, while the sorption affinities
for Am are mutually comparable. In addition\, it has been found that Pu i
s much more selectively (i.e. strongly) bound than Am on all the minerals
studied. This well corresponds with the higher exchangeability of Am found
by SE and can explain its higher mobility in the environment. \n\nThe res
earch was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republ
ic of Lithuania and the Lithuanian State Science and Studies Foundation pr
ojects V-19/2009\, NKS-B SPECIATION project (2008-2009)\, FP7 RECOSY\, gra
nt No 212287.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/251/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/251/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Experimental study and modelling of 137Cs sorption beha
viour in the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon
DTSTART:20100420T053000Z
DTEND:20100420T055000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-252@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Beata Šilobritienė (Environmental Protection Agenc
y\, A. Juozapavičiaus 9\, Vilnius\, LT09311\, Lithuania)\, Justina Šapol
aitė (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231\, Vilnius\, LT-02300\, Li
thuania)\, Eglė Radžiūtė (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231\,
Vilnius\, LT-02300\, Lithuania)\, Dušan Vopalka (Czech Technical Universi
ty in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1\, Brehova 7\, Cz
ech Republic)\, Kęstutis Jokšas (Institute of Geology and Geography\, T.
Ševcenkos 13\, Vilnius\, LT-2600\, Lithuania)\, Karel Štamberg (Czech T
echnical University in Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1
\, Brehova 7\, Czech Republic)\, Petr Beneš (Czech Technical University i
n Prague\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, Prague 1\, Brehova 7\, Czech
Republic)\, Galina Lujaniene (Institute of Physics\, Savanorių ave 231\,
Vilnius\, LT-02300\, Lithuania)\n\nSorption–desorption behaviour of Cs\,
Pu and Am in the system was studied using data obtained from different sa
mpling campaigns in the Baltic Sea and the Curonian Lagoon in 1999-2009 as
well as from short- and long-term kinetic tracer experiments using natura
l sea or river water and bottom sediments collected in the Curonian Lagoon
or the Baltic Sea. Sorption experiments were carried out with particles o
f various sizes from 0.2 to 50 µm. Samples of suspended particles and bot
tom sediments collected during these sampling campaigns were fractionated
according to the size\, and association of 137Cs with solid phase was stud
ied using sequential extraction. In addition\, the in situ distribution of
137Cs between water and suspended particles of various sizes was measured
and expressed as Kd. Kd values for suspended particles of > 0.2 µm size
ranged from 1000 to 5500 ml/g in the near shore zone of the Baltic Sea and
from 1400 to 20000 ml/g in the Curonian Lagoon. The part of 137Cs bound t
o 0.2-1 µm particles changed from 10% in the near shore waters to about 8
0% in the open sea. For all studied radionuclides Cs\, Pu and Am an increa
se in massic activities with decrease of bottom sediment particle sizes wa
s determined. Data obtained from tracer kinetic sorption experiments with
134Cs and bottom sediment fractions of different grain size were used for
finding a suitable kinetic sorption model\, kinetic constants and the cor
responding equilibrium Kd values. It has been found that the modelled data
best conform to the mechanism of ion diffusion through the so-called iner
t layer on the surface of the sediment particles. Kinetic sortion experime
nts with Pu(V) and Pu(IV) at trace initial concentrations were performed w
ith the natural seawater and bottom sediments with the aim of better under
standing of plutonium behaviour in the Baltic Sea. Solvent extraction tech
niques (using TTA\, HDEHP\, DBM and PMBP) were employed to characterize th
e oxidation states of the formed plutonium species in the liquid and solid
phases. Modelling is in progress.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/252/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/252/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Separation\, preconcentration of lanthanum from monazite and its d
etermination by 138La using non-destructive &gamma\; ray
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-254@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sayed M.El-Afifi (Atomic Energy Authority\, Hot lab
center)\, Naser N.S.Awwad (Atomic Energy Authority\, Hot lab center)\, His
ham H.F.Aly (Atomic Energy Authority\, Hot lab center\,)\, Ashraf El-Sayed
(Atomic Energy Authority\, Hot lab center\, Analytical Chemistry Departme
nts\,)\n\nAbstract\n\nA method developed for separation preconcentration a
nd determination of Lanthanum elements which consists of mainly two isotop
es\, the stable La-139 and the radioactive La-138 with its half life 1.05
E-11 years. The stable isotope La-139 is being the most abundant ratio 99
.911±0.001% while La-138 has only 0.089±0.001% abundance ratio. Lantha
num-138 also has two main gamma ray energy lines one at 788.4 and the othe
r at 1435.8 keV which were using for the determination of La-139 by Hyper
Pure Germanium detector\, HPGe. Based on this method\, the percent of La-1
39 has been calculated with high precision in a synthetic samples. The res
ults were compared with inductively coupled plasma- mass spectroscopy\, IC
P-MS\, technique. The detection limit was calculated as MDA (minimum detec
tion activity) and it has been found to be equal 1.46 Bq/kg for La-138 at
788.4 Kev and 1.52 Bq/kg at 1435.8 Kev gamma ray energy lines with mean va
lue 1.49 Bq/Kg. Application of that method was successfully applied for th
e determination of lanthanum in natural sample\; Monazite. The developed m
ethod was based on new chemical steps\; precipitation and solvent extracti
on for such crude specimen monazite sample\, for the lanthanide determinat
ion was established. Where\, the precipitation method is used for removal
of Th (IV) and U (VI) and the solvent extraction is used for removal of Ac
from REEs. Molar Solution HDEHP in benzene was applied to extract REEs an
d Actinium\, Ac\, from 0.1M HNO3 while the 0.2M HNO3 is used to stripe Ac
leaves REEs in the organic phase. Therefore\, lanthanum in the residual RE
E was accurately determined.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contri
butions/254/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/254/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of properties of extraction-chromatographic material TBP-PAN
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-256@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kamil Vavřinec Mareš (Czech Republic)\n\nThis proj
ect focuses on studying properties of extraction-chromathographic material
prepared by embedding of tributylphosphate (TBP) into the matrix of polya
krylonitrile (PAN). After elementary characterization of the prepared mate
rials\, the kinetics of uranium extraction from 3 mol·L-1 HNO3 was examin
ed. The influence of nitrates and nitric acid concentration on the values
of weight distribution coeficient Dg as well as "extraction izoterm" was s
pecified. For determination of 233U in aqueous solution\, liquid scintilla
tion spectrometry was used. After evaluation of all experiments it can be
concluded that TBP-PAN material behaves like TBP in liquid-liquid extracti
on.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/256/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/256/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Prompt &gamma\; activation analysis as performed in Budapest
DTSTART:20100419T084000Z
DTEND:20100419T090000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-257@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: László Szentmiklósi (Institute of Isotopes)\, Tam
ás Belgya (Institute of Isotopes)\, Zsolt Révay (Institute of Isotopes)\
n\nInstitute of Isotopes has been a major center in further development of
Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (PGAA). The paper describes the analytic
al procedure followed at Budapest. The analysis is based on the careful ca
libration of the detector system. The counting efficiency and non-linearit
y of the Compton-suppressed high-purity germanium detector is determined r
egularly\, and enables the accurate determination of activities and peak p
ositions. Partial gamma-ray production cross-sections have been determined
for the most important prompt-gamma lines of every naturally occurring ch
emical element using stoichiometric compounds and homogeneous mixtures. A
method for qualitative and quantitative analysis has also been developed a
t our laboratory for the determination of the chemical composition of samp
les from the peak areas obtained from the prompt-gamma spectra using the s
pectroscopic data library. The data library and the method have been used
for the analysis of a large variety of samples at Budapest and at other PG
AA laboratories.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/257/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/257/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Optimisation of the long lived 121Te contaminant in pro
duction of 123I trough the 124Xe(p\,x) route
DTSTART:20100420T040000Z
DTEND:20100420T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-260@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hermann Schweickert (Zyklotron AG \,Eggenstein\, Ger
many)\, Anatoly Ignatyuk (Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE
)\, Obninsk\, Russia)\, S Spellerberg (3 Institut für Nuklearchemie\, For
schungszentrum Jülich\, Jülich\, Germany)\, Razvan Adam Rebeles (Vrije U
niversiteit Brussel (VUB)\, Brussels\, Belgium)\, Sandor Takacs (Institute
of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI)\, Debre
cen\, Hungary)\, Ferenc Tarkanyi (Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hun
garian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI)\, Debrecen\, Hungary)\, Alex Hermanne
(Cyclotron\, Vrije Universiteit Brussel)\n\nAt present the preferred route
for 123I (T1/2 = 13.2 h) production is bombardment of highly enriched 124
Xe with 35 MeV protons and taking advantage of the cascade decay 123Cs-123
Xe-123I. After irradiation the gas targets are allowed to cool for 7 h ens
uring optimal in-growth of 123I from its precursors. A separation of I fro
m all other elements is performed resulting in a nca\, pure solution.\nAn
unavoidable contaminant is 121I (T1/2 = 2.12 h) produced by 124Xe(p\,α) r
eaction with a cross section maximum around 20 MeV.\nThis rather short liv
ed radioiodine will disappear quickly from the 123I solution\, but its lon
g lived decay product 121gTe (16.8 d) accumulates and impairs the late use
(several half lives of 123I after calibration date) of the solution.This
situation could be improved by lowering the 121I production through limita
tion of the target thickness and imposing a higher exit energy. \nAs the o
nly values for the 124Xe(p\,α) reaction were reported by Tarkanyi et al.
[1] at higher energy\, reliable data on the excitation function need to be
measured for the first time. \nHighly enriched 124Xe was bombarded with
protons between 13 and 37 MeV with the double aim of determining cross sec
tions for 121I production and resolving discrepancies existing in the prev
iously published values for production of 123Cs and 123Xe [2].\nHere only
results for 121I are presented and compared with results from different t
heoretical codes.\nIn the experimental (and production) conditions formati
on of 121Cs and 121Xe are impossible or extremely low (practical threshold
of 1 mb at 38 MeV [1]).\nDirect formation of 121gTe (16.8d) or 121mTe (15
4d) through the (p\,3pn) reaction are not of importance because of the nee
ded chemical separation at EOB+ 7 h .\nThe cross sections for 121I product
ion show a practical threshold at 9.5 MeV rising to a maximum of 13 mb at
21 MeV\, not in agreement with theoretical results. \nFrom a fit to our ex
citation curve\, production yields for short irradiations on thick targets
are calculated. The 121I activity present at the optimal cooling time is
then calculated for different energy degradation in the target and for dif
ferent irradiation times (up to 13 h\, 1 half life of 123I\, saturation of
121I ).\nBy comparing to the cumulative produced 123I in the same irradia
tion conditions\, the evolution of the relative activity of both 121I (dec
reasing in time) and 121Te (increasing in time) is calculated. By defining
maximal admissible contaminations levels for late use of the 123I solutio
n\, limits on target thickness are defined.\n\n[1] F. Tarkanyi et al. \, A
pplied Radiation and Isotopes\, 42\, 1991\, p221 \n[2] IAEA TECDOC 1211\,
Vienna 2001.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/260/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/260/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation chemistry approach to the study of sedimentary microenvi
ronments as models for the protection of bio-organic molecules on the earl
y Earth
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-261@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maria Colin (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)
\, Ellen Aguilar-Ovando (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)\, Alicia
Negron-Mendoza (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)\n\nStudies in radi
ation chemistry can provide a deeper insight into the chemical process tha
t may have importance for chemical evolution studies that led to the origi
n of life. Chemical evolution encompasses the physical and chemical aspect
s that try to explain the origin/permanence of bio-organic compounds prior
the appearance of life.\nOur aim is to stress the relevance of ionizing r
adiation as a tool for the study of formation/destruction of bio-organic c
ompounds such as nucleic acid components. Also to remark the importance of
chemical reactions that occurs at the hydrosphere/lithosphere interfaces\
, and study if solid surfaces can protect the organic compound adsorbed in
the clay. \nOn the other hand\, it is conceivable that nucleic acids comp
onents or their precursors appeared at early stage in the evolution of thi
s planet. Nucleic acid bases and their derivatives are important compounds
in biological systems. Their synthesis and stability in environmental con
ditions is of paramount importance in chemical evolution. To ensure that o
rganic compounds endured in the primitive Earth there are several possibil
ities: a) their synthesis was continuous and they reach steady state conce
ntration\; b) the compounds present a long half-life in the environmental
conditions of the primitive Earth\; c) solid surfaces protect the organic
compound adsorbed in the clay. To this end\, we determine the survival of
bases and their corresponding nucleosides exposed to a high radiation fiel
d in an aqueous solution and adsorbed in a clay mineral.\nWe have studied
five nucleosides (cytidine\, uridine\, adenosine\, guanosine and xanthosin
e) in simulated primitive Earth conditions. These samples were irradiated
adsorbed in Na-montmorillonite (a clay mineral). Using X-ray diffraction\,
UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC\, the hypothesis of the protective role
of solid surfaces like clay for organic compounds adsorbed on them\, when
exposed to external sources of ionizing radiation (γ-ray)\, was proved.\
n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/261/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/261/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Behavior of cadmium(II) in irradiated aqueous solutions
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-262@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Milan Pospisil (CTU Prague)\, Barbora Drtinova (CTU
Prague)\n\nThe radiation removal of cadmium(II) from aqueous solutions in
presence of different scavengers has been investigated. 100 mg/L of cadmiu
m dissolved from Cd(NO3)2 requires dose of 15 kGy to be effectively remove
d from the system containing 1×10-2 mol/L of HCOOK as a scavenger of OH r
adicals. The positive effect of deaeration with N2O or N2 was observed in
the range of lower doses. Similarly\, the addition of solid promoters (ben
tonite\, active carbon\, zeolite\, Cu2O\, NiO\, TiO2 and CuO) reduced the
efficiency of radiation removal of cadmium. 25 % of dissolved cadmium is p
resent in the solution before irradiation in the form of Cd(Formate)+\, ma
jority in form of Cd2+. Product of irradiation of the solutions containing
Cd(II) is CdCO3. In the system with cadmium dissolved from CdCl2 radiatio
n reduction takes place up to metallic cadmium. In the system with lower c
oncentration of scavenger (1×10-3 mol/L of HCOOK) no radiation removal of
cadmium occurs which was validated up to an absorbed dose of 100 kGy.\nSy
stems contained organic complexants (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–EDT
A and citric acid) were also studied. The solutions of Cd(NO3)2 containing
initial concentration 27 mg/L of Cd(II) were mixed with 3×10-4 mol/L EDT
A. The efficient degradation of cadmium complexed with EDTA proceeds up to
90 % at a dose of 45 kGy with addition of 5x10-3 mol/L carbonate as OH sc
avenger and simultaneously pH buffer (pH 10.5). Different OH radical scave
ngers (1×10-2 mol/L and 1×10-3 mol/L HCOOK\, 2×10-3 mol/L Na2CO3\, 2×1
0-3 mol/L NaHCO3\, or 10 % methanol) were added to these solutions. In the
presence of the carbonate\, no effect of further addition of any other re
agent was observed. The product of irradiation is CdCO3. On the contrary\,
the presence of 1×10-2 mol/L of HCOOK in the solution is necessary for t
he radiation removal of cadmium complexed with citric acid (1×10-3 mol/L)
at pH 8. With increasing concentration of HCOOK (up to 5×10-2 mol/L) dec
reases the pH value necessary for the radiation induced precipitation of c
admium from the aqueous solution. The efficiency could be enhanced by addi
ng zeolite as a solid promoter in the irradiated system. \n\nThis work wa
s performed under the auspices of Ministry of Education\, Youth\, and Spor
ts grant MSM 68-4077-0040.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribu
tions/262/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/262/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Isotopic effect observed by distillation of 123I and 124I from irradiated 124TeO2 target matrix
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-263@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ondrej Lebeda (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR
\, v.v.i.)\, Jan Ráliš (Nuclear Physics Institute of the ASCR\, v.v.i.)\
n\nNon-conventional longer-lived PET radionuclides with half-life higher t
han that of 18F (109 min) are very promising PET tracers for imaging of bi
ochemical processes or body structures requiring slower kinetics. Among th
em\, 124I (4.18 d) plays an important role. Radiochemistry of iodine radio
isotopes (123I\, 124I\, 125I and 131I) is well known. Widely used producti
on process of 124I is based on the (p\,n) reaction on highly enriched 124T
eO2 (99.4 %)\, and distillation of iodine from irradiated target matrix at
temperatures slightly above the melting point of TeO2 (733 °C). Dependin
g on the entrance beam energy\, some amount of 123I can be produced by the
(p\,2n) reaction (Ethr ≈ 11.5 MeV).\nFor production we have developed o
ur own target system. Target layer is water and helium cooled. The target
was irradiated at the beam angle 10° in order to increase effective thick
ness of the target layer and to get more favourable distribution of the be
am over the target area. The entrance proton beam energy varied between 11
.5 and 13.2 MeV\, beam currents were 10–22 µA and irradiation times 0.5
–2 h. The distillation was performed in pre-heated quartz tube (735–75
0 °C). The radioiodine was carried out with stream of air. The flow rate
was set to 25 mL/min. Evaporated iodine was trapped in 0.01M NaOH. Time of
separation was 15–20 min.\nRadionuclidic purity and activity of produce
d isotopes was measured with γ-ray spectrometry using HPGe detector\, in
all steps of production (irradiated target\, target after distillation and
solution of separated product). Since the protons’ entrance energy was
higher then treshold of the (p\,2n) reaction\, we also measured activity o
f the co-produced 123I. We have observed an interesting effect. The ratio
of decay-corrected activities of 123I and 124I in the target matrix after
the separation of radioiodine was 2–3 times higher than in the target ma
trix after irradiation. In accordance to this effect\, we also observed th
at ratio of decay-corrected activities of 123I and 124I in the solution of
separated product was proportionally lower than the ratio in target.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/263/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/263/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Trace element distribution in crops grown under industrial stress:
a multidisciplinary approach
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-264@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marina Gustova (JINR)\, Ruxandra Ciofu (University o
f Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest)\, Pavel Szalansk
i (Lodz University)\, Cristiana Oprea (JINR)\n\nThe impacts of the trace h
eavy metals released by different industries on croplands were monitored b
y different environmental media. All the sampling locations based on a reg
ular monitoring grid network were selected. To all samples collected in ar
ea of the smelter complex (20 x 20 km2)\, one to three locations has to be
contributing to each sampling location. The spots were further categorize
d by groups in relation with the downwind distance from the smelter comple
x. In the developed approach\, trace element concentrations in soil\, wate
r\, epiphytic mosses and crops were determined. The analyses were carried
out on the vegetation pieces and grain fractions \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.c
vut.cz/event/1/contributions/264/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/264/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Trace element distribution in human teeth by X-ray fluorescence an
d multivariate analysis
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-265@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexandru Oprea (JINR)\, Marina Gustova (JINR)\, Pav
el Szalanski (Lodz University)\, Cristiana Oprea (JINR)\n\nX-ray fluoresce
nce spectrometry (XRFS) was used as a multielement method of evaluation of
individual whole human tooth or tooth tissues for their amounts of trace
elements. Measurements were carried out on human enamel\, dentine\, and de
ntal cementum\, and significant differences in tooth matrix composition we
re noted. In addition\, the elemental concentrations determined in teeth f
rom subjects of different ages\, nutritional states\, professions and gend
er\, living under various environmental conditions and dietary habits\, we
re included in a comparison by multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA) me
thods. By factor analysis it was established that the trace inorganic comp
onents of human teeth varied consistently with their source in the tissue\
, with more in such tissue from females than in that from males\, and more
in tooth incisor than in tooth molar. The heavy metal concentrations in t
he tissue did not varied greatly from dentin to enamel or to dental cement
um\, whatever the age and occupation of the subject. The statistical analy
ses performed seem to indicate that deciduous teeth might be a suitable in
dicator of environmental exposure to several trace elements. The results d
emonstrated that XRFS supplemented by MVSA is an useful and practical appr
oach for the investigation of trace heavy metal incorporation and distribu
tion on the surface of teeth as well as in inner layers. The features of t
he approach applied to environmental monitoring are also discussed.\n\nhtt
ps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/265/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/265/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Quantitative evaluation of essential and trace elements in nine me
dicinal plants by IPAA and XRF techniques
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-266@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Mariana Niculescu (University of Craiova)\, Marina G
ustova (JINR)\, Alexandru Oprea (JINR)\, Cristiana Oprea (JINR)\n\nThe con
centrations of some trace and essential element constituents in nine medic
inal plants surveyed in Bucegi Mountains in Romania\, namely Achillea mill
efolium\, Chelidonium majus\, Cynara scolymus\, Hypericum perforatum\, Til
ia cordata\, Matricaria recutita\, Mentha\, Rosa canina and Urtica\, were
determined. The above medicinal plant species were used for the experiment
s as they are an important source of drug with many pharmaceutical effects
as well as bioaccumulators of the trace heavy metals and other bioactive
chemicals. Samples of about 2 g have been measured by the combined use of
photon neutron activation analysis (IPAA) followed by high-resolution γ-r
ay spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The analytical approach allo
wed the determination of 34 elements in the 9 medicinal plants commonly us
ed in Romania. Usually the trace element concentrations were higher in tre
e leaves than in herbs\, following the order Tilia cordata > Chelidonium m
ajus > Cynara scolymus > Hypericum perforatum > Achillea millefolium > Men
tha\,> Urtica > Matricaria recutita\, especially for Mn\, Fe\, Cu\, and Rb
. Most elements vary in a narrow range by a factor of 2 – 4 while a few
others as Na\, Mn\, and V\, vary in a wide range. All the medicinal herbs
contain K\, Cl\, Mg\, P\, and Ca as minor constituents along with signific
ant trace amounts of Cr\, Cu\, Fe\, Mn\, Se\, and V. The detection limits
of the analytical method for different elements are discussed in some deta
il. The interrelationships of the trace metal concentrations of medicinal
herbs by factor correlations between pairs of elements have been examined.
\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/266/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/266/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Behavior under &gamma\; irradiation of single crystals of NaCl dop
ed with divalent cations
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-267@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Maria Colin (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)
\, Sergio Ramos-Bernal (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)\, Antonio
Hernandez-Medina (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)\, Alicia Negron-
Mendoza (Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares\, UNAM)\n\nIn this work\, is anal
yzed the interactions of the γ-radiation with two alkali halide single cr
ystals: NaCl doped with Ca2+ (0.3 %) or Mn2+ (0.3 %)\, at two irradiation
temperatures (298 K and 77 K)\, and different doses at a fix dose rate\, f
or their possible use as dosimeters. The irradiated crystals were analyzed
using their thermoluminescence properties. The application of the thermol
uminescence (TL) phenomenon has been proved to be a very efficient method
to evaluate energy deposited by γ radiation on irradiated samples. \nThe
productions of irradiation defects in the solid were correlated with the
glow curve. F-centers were measured as function of the dose. The bleaching
of the F-centers produced a decrease of the peak of the glow curve. The b
leaching of the color centers associated with the reduction of the glow cu
rve suggests that F centers are intimately involved in the production of t
he thermoluminescence phenomenon. Their exact role can not be centered and
much discussion has still to be done. Nevertheless\, these behaviors sugg
est that the glow peaks very probable are result from the thermal release
of holes from different kinds of traps\, recombining at F centers. The pre
liminary results show that the linear response obtained was fairly good fo
r the system NaCl:Cd\, at low irradiation doses.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cv
ut.cz/event/1/contributions/267/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/267/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:In vivo generators – recoil and conversion electrons considerati
ons
DTSTART:20100422T100000Z
DTEND:20100422T103000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-268@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Neil Jarvis (Necsa)\, Kenneth Gabanamotse (CARST\, N
WU)\, Sandor Takacs (Atomki)\, Zoltan Szucs (Atomki)\, Jan Rijn Zeevaart (
Radiochemistry\, Necsa)\n\nThe use of radionuclides as potential therapeut
ic radiopharmaceuticals is increasingly investigated. An important aspect
is the delivery of the radionuclide to the target\, i.e. the radionuclide
is not lost from the chelating agent. For in vivo generators it is not onl
y the log K of complexation between the metal ion and the chelator that is
important but whether the daughter radionuclide stays inside the chelator
after decay of the parent radionuclide. In our previous work [1] we showe
d that the classical recoil effect only is applicable for decays with a Q
value higher than 0.6 MeV (in the atomic mass range around 100). However R
osch et al [2] published result for Nd-140/Pr-140 (Q = 0.222 MeV) which in
dicated that >95% of the daughter (Pr-140) was lost by a DOTA chelator upo
n decay of Nd-140. This was explained to be due to a “post-effect” by
the authors. \nTheir experiment was repeated with the Dy-166/Ho-166 potent
ial in vivo generator to confirm that our calculations were correct. It wa
s found that indeed some of the daughter (Ho-166) was liberated from the D
OTA chelator\, therefore indicating that the “post effect” does exist
in contrast to our recoil calculations. Upon further investigation we dete
rmined that one should not only consider recoil energy levels but also the
mode of decay (decay of the parent nuclide and the height of excitation s
tates of the daughter nucleus). If decay takes place via electron capture
(EC)\, Auger electrons are emitted resulting in a daughter radionuclide wi
th a very high oxidation state due to the loss of these electrons from the
electron shells. From the well known described biological effects of I-12
5 [3] which decays to (Te-125)21+ one knows that chemical bonds in the vic
inity of the decay are broken. It is therefore postulated that the EC deca
y of Nd-140/Pr-140 results in a Nd-140 daughter that destroys the DOTA che
late and is therefore released from this chelator. In the case of Dy-166/H
o-166 (Q = 0.486) the decay mode is via β- decay (which according to our
recoil calculations is not strong enough to break the bond with the chelat
or) followed by dissipation of excitation energy of the excited state of t
he formed daughter nuclide via a branched decay - γ radiation and convers
ion electron process. The percentage of decay via the conversion electron
process was found to match the percentage of the amount of Ho-166 that was
measured to be released from the DOTA chelator in our experiment.\nIt is
therefore concluded that the recoil effect below 0.6 MeV is not sufficient
to rule out release of the daughter nuclide from chelators but one needs
to consider the mode of decay as well. This knowledge has important implic
ations for the design of future radiopharmaceuticals. \n[1] Z. Szucs\, J.
Van Rooyen\, J.R. Zeevaart. Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 2009\, 67\, 14
01-1404\n[2] K.P. Zhernosekov\, DFiloofov\, S.M. Qaim\, F Rosch. Radiochim
. Acta\, 2007\, 95\, 319-327\n[3] K.S.R. Sastry. Report no. 1 of AAPM Nucl
ear Medicine Task group No. 6. Med. Phys. 1992\, 19\, 1361-1383\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/268/
LOCATION:Mirror (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/268/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of silver and gold in copper concentrate
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-269@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A V R Reddy (BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\
, INDIA)\, Rakesh Verma (BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\,
Nicy Ajith (BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, Remya Devi
P S (BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, Aditi A. Dalvi (BHA
BHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\, Kallola Kumar Swain (BHABHA
ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE\, MUMBAI\, INDIA)\n\nMany copper ores contain sign
ificant quantities of silver and gold. Copper concentrate\, the intermedia
te in the ore processing\, is an important source for production of gold a
nd silver. Methods for determination of noble metals have been reviewed by
Beamish and Van Loon [1]. The most common method for determination of no
ble metals in geological sample is atomic absorption spectrometry with a f
ire-assay pre-concentration step. One of the most sensitive method for ana
lysis of noble elements is neutron activation analysis [2]. Instrumental n
eutron activation has been applied to determine of noble elements in ores\
, but generally it is required to separate noble elements from interfering
and matrix activity. Several radiochemical schemes have been reported to
isolate one or more of the noble metals during analysis. These schemes inc
lude solvent extraction\, distillation\, ion-exchange\, precipitation and
others.\nSimultaneous determination of silver and gold in copper concentra
te sample was carried out by neutron activation analysis method. Initially
\, copper concentrate sample was analysed by ED-XRF to obtain qualitative
information and found that copper and iron were present in major proportio
ns. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INNA) was followed by radioc
hemical or chemical neutron activation analysis. During INAA\, cooling tim
e of about a week is required before 198Au could be measured because of hi
gh activity due to 64Cu and 24Na whereas 110mAg was measured after further
cooling of a week. To reduce the analysis time\, radiochemical neutron ac
tivation analysis and chemical neutron activation analysis were carried ou
t. The noble elements form anionic complex with moderate molarity of HCl t
hat are readily retained on anion exchanger. The distribution coefficient
values for gold and silver are very high at lower HCl normality whereas co
pper and iron have negligible values. Sodium is not retained. Hence\, ion
exchange separation and pre-concentration of gold and silver were carried
out from 1N HCl solution. The value of gold by INAA agreed well with the v
alues obtained by RNAA and CNAA. However\, the value for silver was signif
icantly lower in case of RNAA and CNAA method compared to INAA. This may b
e due to loss of silver as silver chloride. The separation procedure was m
odified to avoid loss of silver during separation.\nReference\n1. F. E. Be
amish and J. C. Van Loon\, “Recent advances in the analytical chemistry
of the Noble metals”\, Pergamon Press\, Oxford\, 1972.\n2. Sanjiv Kumar\
, Rakesh Verma and S. Gangadharan\, Analyst\, 118 (1993) 1085.\n\nhttps://
indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/269/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/269/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of large and non-standard geometry samples of ancient pot
teries and bricks by internal monostandard NAA using insitu detection effi
ciency
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-270@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A.V.R. Reddy (Analytical Chemistry Division\, Bhabha
Atomic Research Centre\, Tromaby\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)\, N. Lakshma
na Das (GITAM Institute of Science\, GITAM University\, Visakhapatnam –
530 045\, India)\, R. Acharya (Radiochemistry Division\, Bhabha Atomic Res
earch Centre\, Tromaby\, Mumbai - 400 085\, India)\, K.B. Dasari (GITAM In
stitute of Science\, GITAM University\, Visakhapatnam – 530 045\, India)
\n\nStudies of archaeological artifacts constitute an important area of re
search that might provide clues to unravel the past human activities\, art
\, trade etc. Archaeologists are mainly interested in the provenance studi
es of the artifacts. Archaeological artifacts like potteries\, bricks\, co
ins and paintings are mainly studied for their provenance and one of the v
alid\, and accepted methods is through their chemical composition analysis
in conjunction with statistical methods. Among the archaeological artifac
ts\, potteries are most widely studied and occasionally bricks are also an
alyzed. Since they have a strong correlation with the clay/soil source fro
m which they are prepared\, elemental concentrations could be used for arr
iving at correlations. Elements\, which are mainly present at trace leve
ls in the artifacts\, give authentic clue to their origin compared to the
major elements. Elemental concentration ratios of Al and Sc\, due to their
non–volatile nature and La and Ce\, due to their similar geochemical pr
operties are used for preliminary grouping. The confirmation of grouping i
s done from statistical analysis like principal component analysis (PCA) a
nd cluster analysis (CA). The present paper describes application of large
sample instrumental neutron activation analysis (LS-INAA) method for prov
enance study of potteries and bricks using scandium as internal monostanda
rd.\nIn the present study\, samples of ancient potteries and bricks belong
ing to 4th-5th century BC to 4th century AD were excavated from 15 differe
nt Buddhist sites in Andhra Pradesh\, India. Samples in the larger mass ra
nge of 10-50 g were taken for the experiment\, irrespective of their geome
try. Samples were irradiated for 7 hours in Apsara reactor\, BARC. Radio
activity assay was carried out using a 40% relative efficiency HPGe detect
or coupled to 8k MCA. Peak areas were determined using peak-fit software P
HAST. The k0-based internal monostandard INAA (IM-INAA) was used for arr
iving at the elemental concentration ratios with respect to Sc. Since the
method uses insitu detection efficiency\, it is geometry independent and
non-standard geometry samples could be analyzed. Concentrations of about
18 elements such as Na\, K\, Sc\, Cr\, Fe\, Co\, Ga\, As\, Br\, La\, Ce\,
Nd\, Sm\, Yb\, Hf and Th were determined in both potteries and bricks. Th
e results of elemental concentration ratios with respect to Sc show that t
he both potteries and bricks fall into four major groups. It was observed
that in some samples of potteries and bricks\, collected from same locati
on\, correlations exist indicating the source of clay/soil may be the same
. We would like to highlight that the provenance / grouping study of archa
eological samples could reliably be carried out through their elemental co
ncentration ratios than the absolute concentration values and thus the pre
sent method is a suitable one for this study. \n\nAcknowledgement\n\n Aut
hors from GITAM University acknowledge UGC-DAE Council of Scientific Resea
rch\, Mumbai for the financial assistance. This work is also a part of the
IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP Code : F2.30.27).\n\nhttps://indic
o.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/270/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/270/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption of Ti\, Zr\, Hf and Nb\, Ta as homologues of Rf and Db fr
om mixed aqueous–organic HF solutions
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-272@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Novgorodov (Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclea
r Problems\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Nikolay Lebedev (Dzhe
lepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Researc
h)\, Valeriy Radchenko (Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems\, Joint I
nstitute for Nuclear Research)\, Jin Jon Sun (Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nucl
ear Problems\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Dmitriy Filosofov (
Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Res
earch)\, Genadiy Starodub (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint
Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Gospodin Bozhikov (Flerov Laboratory of
Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Sergey Dmitrie
v (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Re
search)\, Nikolay Aksenov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint
Institute for Nuclear Research)\n\nIn order to optimize conditions for iso
lation and study of chemical properties of Rf and Db [1]\, we investigated
sorption of their lighter homologues Ti\, Zr\, Hf\, Nb and Ta\, from HF s
olutions in water-miscible organic solvents using the Dowex 50x8 cation ex
change (CIX) and AG 1x8 anion exchange (AIX) resins. We studied dependence
of sorption on concentration of HF and acetone. We found that using the A
IX resins the distribution coefficients of Ti\, Zr\, Hf and Nb increased a
nd those of Ta decreased with increasing content of acetone in HF solution
s. \nThe results indicated that in concentrated (> 3 M) HF solutions conta
ining acetone\, group 4 elements formed MF73– (M = Ti\, Zr\, Hf) complex
es whose stability decreased in reverse order of sorption Zr > Hf > Ti. Ob
tained results are in agreement with previously reported data [2\, 3] wher
e using CIX chromatography and HCl-HF mixed solutions group 4 elements wer
e separated and eluted in order of Zr > Hf > Ti > Th. \nUnder the same con
ditions\, group 5 elements predominately formed complexes NbOF52– and Ta
F72– with stability considerably different\, which decreased in sequence
Nb > Ta. We found optimal conditions for separation of the elements using
CIX and AIX chromatography. The advantages of studying chemical propertie
s of Rf and Db in aqueous HF solutions mixed with organic solvents are bri
efly discussed.\nThis work was supported by the RFBR (grant No. 09-03-1202
9-ofi_m).\n\n1. S. N. Dmitriev et al.\, Mendeleev Communications. 15\,
1\, 1-4 (2005).\n2. N.V. Aksenov et al. Radiochemistry 50\, 4\, 381\, (
2008).\n3. N.V. Aksenov In: Abstracts of the XV International Conferenc
e in Fundamental Sciences “Lomonosov-2008”\, Moscow State University\,
April 8-11\, Chemistry\, 543\, (2008).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/eve
nt/1/contributions/272/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/272/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Recovery and isolation of hafnium isomers from 176Yb ta
rget irradiated by 4He ions in optimized conditions
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-273@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Sergey Dmitriev (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reacti
ons\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Yuri Albin (Flerov Laborator
y of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Grigoriy
Vostokin (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuc
lear Research)\, Genadi Starodub (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\,
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Sarkis Karamian (Flerov Laborator
y of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\, Nikolay A
ksenov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\, Joint Institute for Nucle
ar Research)\, Gospodin Bozhikov (Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions\,
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research)\n\nInterest to high-spin (16+) long
-lived (31 y) 178m2Hf isomer was established since 20 years ago because of
a possibility to produce it in a micro-weight amount for consecutive stud
ies of nuclear reactions with high-spin target and for potential applicati
on as an energy accumulator. Production of 178m2Hf was described in [1] vi
a spallation of Ta by protons at LAMP facility and via 176Yb(4He\,2n) reac
tion at Dubna cyclotron [2]. Series of experiments with the 178m2Hf target
had been carried out due to cooperation of FLNR with European research ce
nters and the results were summarized in [3] and refs. therein. On today\,
the innovative perspectives for creation of tiny energy sources support t
he continuing interest to 178m2Hf.\n In the present report\, we describ
e an optimized production of 178m2Hf using the 176Yb target of special con
struction irradiated at internal beam of the U-200 cyclotron in Dubna. The
96% enriched 176Yb oxide was deposited onto water-cooled Al backing\, and
the target surface was inclined to the beam at angle near 10 degrees. The
target thickness of 7 mg/cm2 has provided effective thickness in a beam d
irection of about 80 mg/cm2 in ligature weight. The 4He+1 ions reach an en
ergy of 35 MeV. With beam intensity limited to be lower 15 microA\, the co
rresponding beam power does not exceed 500 W. Such conditions were safe\,
but the target could stand even at 3 times higher beam intensity. After ir
radiation the target material Yb2O3 was washed off from the backing with 1
6 M HNO3 and anion exchange in conc. HCl solution was applied to separate
Hf-fraction. With the same purpose precipitation of YbF3 was also tested [
4]. Deep purification was carried out using the anion exchange chromatogra
phy in HF solutions with an overall chemical yield upon the average 85%.
Activity of the irradiation products was controlled by the gamma-spectrosc
opy method using HPGe spectrometer. All gamma-lines belonged to 178m2Hf an
d 179m2Hf were quantitatively measured and absolute yields of both high-sp
in isomers were determined with appropriate accuracy.\nUnder described con
ditions several 176Yb targets were irradiated\, and\, in total\, 6e+14 ato
ms of 178m2Hf were produced over beam time of 900 hours. The isomer cross-
section and impurities content obtained in the present experiments are in
a good agreement with the data published earlier [2]. Change to the intern
al beam at the cyclotron and more tangential beam-to-target geometry suppl
y higher yield of the products and make the production method more economi
c. The position of a target inside the cyclotron camera leads to the decre
ased neutron flux outside and meets the requirements of modern radiation s
afety rules. Improving the biological shielding at the accelerator and inc
reasing the beam current\, one can expect a productivity of about 3e+15 of
the 178m2Hf isomeric material per 1000 hours of effective irradiations.\n
\n1. W.A. Taylor\, J.G. Garcia\, V.T. Hamilton\, et al.\, J. Radioanal.
Nucl. Chem.\, 236\, 155 (1998).\n2. Y.T. Oganessian\, S.A. Karamian\,
Y.P. Gangrski\, et al.\, J. Phys. \, G\, 18\, 393 (1992).\n3. S.A. Kara
mian\, Acta Phys. Pol. B\, 26\, 375 (1995).\n4. N. V. Aksenov et al.\,
contribution to this conference.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/co
ntributions/273/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/273/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Elemental concentrations in vegetable species from industrial zone
s in Romania determined by INAA
DTSTART:20100423T034500Z
DTEND:20100423T040000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-274@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ionut-Catalin Calinescu (Horia Hulubei National Inst
itute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH))\, Chivuta-Ramona Badi
ta (Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (
IFIN-HH))\, Marina Frontasyeva (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research\, 141
980 Dubna\, Russian Federation\, E-mail: marina@nf.jinr.ru)\, Otilia Culic
ov (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research\, 141980 Dubna\, Russian Federati
on\, E-mail: marina@nf.jinr.ru\; National Institute for Research and Devel
opment in Electrical Engineering\, 313 Splaiul Unirii\, 060032 Bucharest\,
Romania)\, ANA PANTELICA (Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics an
d Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH))\n\nThe environmental pollution by industr
ial activities presents a significant health risk to the man. One of the p
ossible pathways of pollutants from the environment to human organisms is
the consumption of foodstuffs polluted by industrial activities. This pape
r presents the levels of elemental concentrations determined by Instrument
al Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) in various vegetable species cultiva
ted in industrial zones of Romania and control sites with no specific type
of pollution. The following industries were considered: phosphorous ferti
lizer production at Turnu Magurele\, non-ferrous metallurgy at Copsa Mica\
, iron and steel metallurgy at Targoviste. INAA was applied at IFIN-HH in
Magurele (near Bucharest) for the long-lived radioisotopes (TRIGA nuclear
reactor in Pitesti) and JINR Dubna for the short-lived radioisotopes (IBR-
2 reactor in Dubna). The elements determined were: Al\, Ag\, As\, Au\, Ba\
, Br\, Ca\, Cd\, Ce\, Cl\, Co\, Cr\, Cs\, Cu\, Eu\, Fe\, Hf\, K\, La\, Mn\
, Mo\, Na\, Ni\, Rb\, Sb\, Sc\, Se\, Sm\, Sr\, Ta\, Tb\, Zr\, and Zn. Elem
ental concentration results are compared with Romanian standards and value
s from the literature. Elemental bioavailability of the investigated plant
species and their contamination with trace elements due do industrial act
ivities are discussed. This research was supported by the PN 09370105 and
PNCDI II 72-172/01.10.2008 Projects of the Education\, Research and Youth
Ministry in Romania and Joint Research Project No. 3871-4-08/10 between JI
NR Dubna\, Russia and IFIN-HH\, Romania.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/ev
ent/1/contributions/274/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/274/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Application of tritium labeled drotaverine and furosemide for esti
mation of drug/binding capacity of blood transport system
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-304@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Iskandar Mavlyanov (Tashkent Medicine Academy\, Tash
kent\, Uzbekistan.)\, Bahtiyor Shukurov (Tashkent Medicine Academy\, Tashk
ent\, Uzbekistan.)\, Gulnora Djurayeva (Institute Nuclear Physics of acade
my of sciences of Uzbekistan)\, Andrey Kim (Institute Nuclear Physics of a
cademy of sciences of Uzbekistan)\, Jakhongir Dadakhonov (Institute Nuclea
r Physics of academy of sciences of Uzbekistan)\n\nFor labeling of pharmac
ological preparations of furosemide and drotaverine we used the method of
labeling by thermally activated tritium. Furosemide and drotaverine were l
abeled by thermally activated tritium in apparatus for tritium labeling. T
he optimum regime of labeling was selected. The systems of purification of
tritium-labeled furosemide and drotaverine by thin layer chromatography (
TLC) has been developed. Tritium-labeled furosemide was purified by TLC on
silicagel in system hexane:acetone (1:1). Tritium-labeled drotaverine was
purified by TLC in system iso-propanol:ammonia:water (8:1:1). Application
of TLC for purification of tritium-labeled furosemide and drotaverine all
ows to purify completely furosemide and drotaverine from by-products. The
output of purified tritium-labeled furosemide was 12 %\, with specific rad
ioactivity 202 MBq/mmol. The output of purified tritium-labeled drotaverin
e was 36%\, with specific radioactivity 1.39 GBq/mmol.\nWe have investigat
ed the drug-binding capacity of serum proteins of patients with the help o
f the tritium-labeled pharmacological drugs of furosemide and drotaverine
(no-spa). Series of groups of pediatric patients in the age of 3 to 14 yea
rs with acute and chronic hepatitis A and B have been investigated. Contro
l group includes the conditionally healthy children of same age. The bindi
ng capacity of serum proteins was determined by binding of tritium-labeled
drotaverine and furosemide with serum proteins in vitro. The micromethod
consists in incubation in vitro samples of 20 microliter of serum with tri
tium-labeled drotaverine and with tritium-labeled furosemide. After incuba
tion serum proteins were fractionated by chromatography and tritium radioa
ctivity bound with fraction of serum proteins was measured. \n It was
found\, that at the severe form of virus hepatitis B the binding capacity
of serum proteins actually of all investigated patients in a stage of peak
of disease was reduced in comparison with control group. At the moderate
form of acute virus hepatitis B the decrease of binding capacity of serum
proteins was observed at 69 % of patients.\n We have also investigated
dynamics of changes of binding capacity of serum proteins during standard
therapy of hepatitis A and B. We found\, that during convalescence at app
lication of standard therapy the binding capacity of serum proteins comes
nearer to values of control group. Thus dynamics of changes of binding cap
acity of serum proteins at patients with hepatitis B differed from dynamic
s at patients with hepatitis A. It was found that children with an acute v
irus hepatitis B after basic treatment have an increased level of binding
of tritium-labeled drotaverine by serum proteins\, and at children with ac
ute virus hepatitis A it does not occur.\n Obtained results in the whol
e indicate the reducing of binding capacity of serum proteins at virus hep
atitis that allows to determine the optimal strategy of a pharmacological
load on patient organism and thus to optimize the treatment of patients.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/304/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/304/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Uptake of arsenic by manganese dioxide from water
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T121100Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-276@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A V R Reddy (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mumbai
- 400085\, India)\, Rakesh Verma (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mumbai -
400085\, India)\, Nicy Ajith (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mumbai - 40
0085\, India)\, Aditi A. Dalvi (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mumbai - 4
00085\, India)\, Remya Devi P. S (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mumbai -
400085\, India)\, Kallola Kumar Swain (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre\, Mu
mbai - 400085\, India)\n\nArsenic contamination of drinking water has been
reported from many parts of the world. The maximum permissible level of t
otal arsenic in drinking water is 10 microgram L-1 as recommended by WHO.
Natural geochemical contamination through soil leaching is the primary con
tributor of dissolved arsenic in ground water around the world. The most c
ommon species present in water are the inorganic species: As(V)\, predomin
ates in well oxygenated waters\, and As(III)\, predominates in ground wate
r. The reduced state\, As(III)\, is more toxic\, more soluble\, and more l
abile than the oxidized As(V). Methods for removal of arsenic from water h
ave been reviewed [1]. Arsenic remediation from water using manganese diox
ide has been reported in the literature [2]. \nIn the present work\, up
take of As(III) and As(V) by manganese dioxide was studied. Manganese diox
ide was chemically synthesized in laboratory by various methods. Uptake wa
s studied by batch equilibration method using 76As as radioactive tracer.
The influence of various parameters such as method of preparation and stor
age and aging\, pH\, initial concentration of arsenic and contact time has
been studied. Uptake of arsenic is dependent on method of preparation of
MnO2. Also\, uptake efficiency for As(III) and As(V) is different. \n\nRef
erence\n1. Miroslava Vaclavikova\, George P. Gallios\, Slavomir Hredzak an
d Stefan Jakabsky\, Clean Techn Environ Policy\, 10 (2008) 89.\n2. Véroni
que Lenoble\, Christophe Chabroullet\, Raad al Shukry\, Bernard Serpaud\,
Véronique Deluchat\, Jean-Claude Bollinger\, Journal of Colloid and Inter
face Science 280 (2004) 62.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contrib
utions/276/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/276/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrochemical and spectroscopical investigation of uranium in ro
om-temperature ionic liquids
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-277@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tobias Reich (Institute of Nuclear Chemistry\, Johan
nes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\, Jakob Drebert (Institute of Nuclear Ch
emistry\, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\, Aylin Ölcer (Institute
of Nuclear Chemistry\, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\n\nRoom-tem
perature ionic liquids (RTILs) consist of organic cations and organic or i
norganic anions. Beside their fluidity over a large temperature range\, th
ey have versatile physical and chemical properties\, e.g. low vapour press
ure\, thermical and chemical stability [1]. In our investigation\, the wid
e electrochemical window of RTILs is of particular importance. RTILs are c
onsidered as “green solvents” and may open up new options in industria
l actinide separation [2].\nThis work is about the redox behaviour of hexa
valent uranium in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium based RTILs. Two different m
ethods have been used: cyclic voltammetry to achieve information about the
redox behaviour of uranium(VI) and electrochemical deposition to get samp
les for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In both cases the same ura
nium RTIL solutions have been used. Uranium oxalate (UO2C2O4) has been dis
solved in\n1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsufate (BmimMsu) and 1-butyl-
3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (BmimSCN) under argon atmosphere. Afterwar
ds the solutions\n(c(U) ~ 8•10-3 mol/L) have been dried under reduced pr
essure and heating to minimize the water content in these stock solutions.
The amount of water has been determined via\nKarl-Fischer titration (≤
10 ppm).\nFor the cyclic voltammetric measurements glassy carbon has been
used as working electrode\, titanium as counter electrode and platinum as
quasi-reference electrode (versus ferrocene/ferrocenium). All experiments
have been carried out under argon atmosphere. BmimMsu and BmimSCN provide
an electrochemical window of 4.5 – 5.0 V\, therefore the reduction of U(
VI) to U(IV) should be possible. Actually for both UO2C2O4 RTIL solutions
cyclic voltammograms have been achieved\, which showed a similar progressi
on with a shift of the redox potentials. The cyclic voltammograms suggest
a quasi-reversible reduction of uranium(VI) to uranium(IV). The potentials
for the U(VI)/U(IV) reduction in BmimMsu and BmimSCN were -1.9 mV and -2.
0 mV (vs. SHE)\, respectively.\nTo verify the reduction of U(VI) to U(IV)\
, samples have been prepared under argon atmosphere for XPS measurements.
The uranium was deposited on a titanium foil applying a potential of 2 V f
or 3 h. The measured binding energies for the U 4f and U 5f XPS-lines conf
irm the reduction of hexavalent uranium to the tetravalent oxidation state
.\nBy combining two different methods\, it was possible to demonstrate tha
t U(VI) can be reduced to U(IV) and deposited as tetravalent uranium on ti
tanium foils using RTILs as solvent.\n\n\nLiterature:\n\n[1] K. Binnema
ns\, Lanthanides and actinides in ionic liquids\, Chem. Rev. 2007\, 107\,
2592-2614\n[2] A.E. Visser\, R.D. Rogers\, Room-temperature ionic liqui
ds: new solvents for f-element separations and associated solution chemist
ry\, J. Solid State Chem. 2003\, 171\, 109-113\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/277/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/277/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of 59Ni in radioactive wastes
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-278@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ferdinand Šebesta (Centre for Radiochemistry and Ra
diation Chemistry Czech Technical University in Prague)\, Ota FIŠERA (VOP
-026 Šternberk\, s. p.\, division VTÚO Brno)\n\nThe aim of this study wa
s suggestion and examination of method for radioanalytical determination o
f 59-Ni in radioactive wastes using low energy photon spectrometry (LEPS).
New composite material PAN-DMG\, containing chelating agent dimethylglyox
ime (DMG) immobilized in porous matrix of binding polymer polyacrylonitril
e\, was used for nickel separation and concentration. Method for preparati
on of 59-Ni sample for LEPS was developed using homogeneous precipitation
of nickel with DMG. Proposed radioanalytical method was tested with two ty
pes of real radioactive wastes (boric acid concentrate from NPP evaporator
and primary circuit coolant ionex resin).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/
event/1/contributions/278/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/278/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chemistry of the transactinides
DTSTART:20100419T053000Z
DTEND:20100419T060000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-279@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jens Volker Kratz (University of Mainz)\n\nAdvanced
methods that have been developed and applied to study the chemical proper
ties of the transactinide elements in comparison with their lighter homolo
gs are presented.These include thermochromatography\, and isothermal chrom
atography in the gas phase as well as ion-exchange and reversed-phase liqu
id chromatography in the aqueous phase\, liquid-liquid extraction\, and el
ectrodeposition. Latest applications of these methods to studies of the ch
emistry of the transactinides are shown.\nFrom a systematic study of the a
nion-exchange behavior of Rf\, it has been concluded that the properties o
f Rf in HCl and HNO3 solutions are similar to those of Zr and Hf [1-3]. Ho
wever\, in HF solutions\, the fluoride complex formation of Rf is signific
antly different to that of its homologs [4-8]. In dilute HNO3/HF\, the nit
rate ion is the counter ion that removes the Rf hexafluoride di-anion more
effectively from the binding sites of the anion-exchange resin than the Z
r and Hf fluoride complexes. In strong HF solutions\, it is the HF2- ion\,
that removes Rf much earlier from the anion-exchange resin than the much
stronger fluoride complexes of Zr and Hf [6\,7]. Chloride and fluoride com
plexation of Db has been studied in reversed-phase extraction chromatograp
hy with an aliphatic amine [9]. Chelating of Db with alpha-hydroxyisobutyr
ate was shown to be much stronger than for tetravalent and trivalent metal
ions [10]. Sg has been eluted from a cation-exchange column as Sg oxyfluo
ride complex [11]. In 0.1 M HNO3\, hydrolysis of Sg is weaker than that of
Mo and W [12]. Successive deprotonation leads to a cationic species for S
g\, while for Mo and W\, neutral hydrolysed species are eluted from a cati
on-exchange column. In the gas phase\, Sg was volatilized as SgO2Cl2 [13]
and as SgO2(OH)2 [14]. Elements 107 and 108 were transported in the gas ph
ase as BhO3Cl [15] and HsO4 [16]. In [17]\, the highly volatile HsO4 was d
eposited on a thin layer of NaOH in the presence of water vapor\, thus for
ming a salt in analogy to the formation of an osamate (VIII). This shows t
hat HsO4\, like OsO4\, is an acid anhydride. Most recently\, first chemica
l studies were performed with elements 112 [18] and 114 [19]. Element 112
in its atomic state was shown to be very volatile\, but unlike radon\, rev
eals a metallic interaction with a Au surface [18]. Preliminary results on
the volatility of element 114 in its atomic state indicate that it is a v
ery volatile element with a weaker metallic interaction with a Au surface
than 112 [19]. This surprising result needs to be confirmed.\n\n[1] H. Hab
a et al.\,(2002). [2] R. Günter et al.\,(1998). [3] H. Haba et al.\, (200
7). [4] E. Strub et al.\, (2000). [5] A. Kronenberg et al.\, (2004). [6] H
. Haba et al.\, (2004). [7] Y. Nagame et al.\, A. Toyoshima et al.\, (2004
). [9] W. Paulus et al.\, (1999). [10] M. Schädel et al.\, (1992). [11] M
. Schädel et al.\, (1997). [12] M. Schädel et al.\, (1998). [13] A. Tür
ler et al.\, (1998). [14] S. Hübener et al.\, (2001). [15] R. Eichler et
al.\, (2000). [16] Ch. E. Düllmann et al.\, (2002). [17] A. von Zweidorf
et al.\, (2004). [18] R. Eichler et al.\, 2007). [19] R. Eichler et al.\,
(2009).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/279/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/279/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparison of radiation and thermal ageing simulation procedures f
or NPP cables
DTSTART:20100422T054500Z
DTEND:20100422T060000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-280@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bohumil Bartoníček (NRI Rez\, plc)\, Martin Cabalk
a (NRI Rez\, plc)\n\nThe accelerated radiation and thermal ageing of cabl
es has a special importance in the type qualification test of NPP cables a
s it should provide for the cable ageing by an accelerated but real proces
s of ageing\, i.e.\, by the homogeneous oxidation of the cable polymeric m
aterials. A comparison of three cable ageing techniques was performed on
the representative NPP cables based on EVA and XLPE jacket and insulation
materials. These techniques cover separated and combined radiation and the
rmal ageing under high dose rate (3 kGy/h) and low dose rate (5 Gy/h) in t
emperatures from 75 °C to 150 °C. The results of mechanical and physico
- chemical properties are discussed and a recommendation for qualificatio
n test procedures are proposed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/con
tributions/280/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/280/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comprehensive investigation of the corrosion state and surface pro
perties of the stainless steel tubes of steam generators
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-281@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gábor Patek (Paks NPP)\, János Schunk (Paks NPP)\,
Ernő Kuzmann (University of Loránd Eötvös Institute of Chemistry)\, Z
oltán Homonnay (University of Loránd Eötvös Institute of Chemistry)\,
Dezső Oravetz (University of Pannonia Institute of Materials Engineering)
\, Zoltán Németh (University of Pannonia Institute of Radiochemistry and
Radioecology)\, Bernadett Baja (University of Pannonia Institute of Radio
chemistry and Radioecology)\, Kálmán Varga (University of Pannonia Insti
tute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology)\, Andrea Szabó Nagy (István Sz
échenyi University Department of Physics and Chemistry)\n\nEvaluating the
water chemistry in the primary circuit and the effect of chemical deconta
mination of the heat exchanger tubes performed by the AP-CITROX (AP: alkal
ine permanganate\; CITROX: citric and oxalic acid) procedure at Paks NPP (
Hungary)\, a project dealing with the comprehensive investigation of the g
eneral corrosion state of the steam generators (SGs) has been initiated. O
wing to the fact that there is no investigation method available for the i
n-situ monitoring of the inner surfaces of heat exchanger tubes\, a resear
ch program based on sampling as well as on ex-situ electrochemical (voltam
metric) and surface analytical measurements (SEM-EDX\, CEMS\, XRD\, XPS) w
as developed and elaborated. \nIn the time period of 2000-2008 - within th
e frame of the above project - 45 stainless steel specimens\, cut out from
various locations of the steam generators of the Paks NPP were investigat
ed. Based on the measured corrosion characteristics (corrosion rate\, thic
kness and chemical composition of the protective oxide-layer) it was found
that these parameters are strongly dependent on the decontamination histo
ry of steam generators. The present work gives a brief overview on the gen
eral corrosion state of the heat exchanger tubes of SGs\, concerning the l
ong-term effects of the AP-CITROX procedure on the chemical composition an
d structure of the protective oxide-layer.\n\n\nKeywords: stainless steel\
, steam generator\, corrosion\, decontamination\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/281/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/281/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Chemical identification of element 114 at TASCA
DTSTART:20100419T081500Z
DTEND:20100419T083000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-282@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Yakushev (Institute for Radiochemistry TU
Munich)\n\nThe newly built gas-filled separator TASCA\, at the GSI Darmsta
dt has been successfully commissioned. TASCA was designed to study the phy
sics and chemistry of the heaviest element and it has been demonstrated th
at TASCA is the most efficient device for the production of superheavy ele
ments in complete fusion reactions with a 48Ca ion beam. Two experiments o
n the physics and chemistry of element 114\, produced in the 244Pu(48Ca\;3
-4n)288\,289114 reaction\, were performed at TASCA in 2009 in the framewor
k of the international TASCA collaboration. 17 decay chains from element 1
14 were detected. The decay properties of 288\,289114 and the high cross s
ections reported by Oganessian et al. [1] have been confirmed. Here\, we r
eport on the results of the experiment on the chemistry of element 114 tha
t was performed at TASCA in September 2009. \nEvaporation residues (EVRs)
of element 114 were produced in the irradiation of a 244Pu target (~ 580 u
g/cm2) with 48Ca ions at an excitation energy of 42 MeV. The EVRs were sep
arated in TASCA\, which was operated in the Small Image Mode [2]. They the
n passed through a 3.3 um Mylar window (30 x 40 mm2) into a Recoil Transfe
r Chamber (RTC) of 29 cm3 in volume made from Teflon. The atoms were therm
alized in the RTC in a He/Ar gas mixture (7:3) and then flushed into the C
OMPACT detector [3]\, which was directly connected to the exit of the RTC.
Two chromatography channels made from 32 pairs of PIN diodes covered with
a thin gold layer were connected in series: the first one was kept at the
room temperature\, and the second one had a negative temperature gradient
from +20 to -160C. This allowed efficient detection of chemical species w
ith different volatilities: from non-volatile Pb to very volatile Rn. The
distribution of Pb and Hg in COMPACT was measured in separate experiments
with short-lived Pb and Hg isotopes that were preseparated in TASCA. For m
onitoring the detection system\, a small amount of 219Rn was added to the
carrier gas and was responsible for alpha particle background in spectra.
No other peaks from alpha particles were found. Two decay chains from elem
ent 114 were detected: one from 288114 and one from 289114 produced in 4n
and 3n evaporation channels\, respectively. Both decays from element 114 i
sotopes were observed in the first detector channel\, held at room tempera
ture. From this observation\, we can conclude that element 114 is less vol
atile than element 112 and more similar to Hg. This is in agreement with t
heoretical predictions [4] and contradicts previous chemical experiments w
ith element 114 as performed by the PSI group at FLNR Dubna [5].\n\nRefere
nces\n[1] Yu. Ts. Oganessian\, J. Phys. G 2007\, 34\, R165-R242 (2007).\n[
2] A. Semchenkov et al. NIM B 266 (15)\, (2008).\n[3] J. Dvorak et al. Phy
s. Rev. Lett. 97 242501 (2006).\n[4] V. Pershina et al. J. of Chem. Phys.
131 083713 (2009).\n[5] R. Eichler\, submitted to Radiochim. Acta.\n\nhttp
s://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/282/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/282/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Comparative study of the corrosion and surface analytical effects
of the decontamination technologies
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-284@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gábor Patek (Paks NPP)\, János Schunk (Paks NPP)\,
Andrea Szabó Nagy (University of István Széchenyi Department of Physic
s and Chemistry)\, Kálmán Varga (University of Pannonia Institute of Rad
iochemistry and Radioecology)\, Krisztián Radó (University of Pannonia I
nstitute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology)\, Bernadett Baja (University
of Pannonia Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology)\, Zoltán Német
h (University of Pannonia Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology)\n\
nDecontamination technologies are generally developed to reduce the collec
tive dose of the maintenance and operation personnel at NPPs. The highest
efficiency (i.e.\, the highest DF values) available without detrimental mo
dification of the treated surface of structural material is the most impor
tant goal in the course of the application of a decontamination technology
. The AP-CITROX procedure has mainly been used for the decontamination of
the primary coolant circuit’s components (e.g. main circulating pump (MC
P) and steam generators (SGs)) at the Paks NPP. While decontamination of t
he dismountable devices (e.g. main circulating pump) has been carried out
in big tanks with heating potential\, separable equipments (e.g. heat exch
angers) have been treated with special decontamination facilities.\nThe AP
-CITROX procedure was used 24 times for the SGs decontamination at units 1
-3 of the Paks NPP during the period of 1993-2001. Our previous studies ha
ve revealed that a ”hybrid” structure of the amorphous and crystalline
phases is formed in the outermost surface region of the austenitic stainl
ess steel tubes of SGs as an undesired consequence of the industrial appli
cation of the AP-CITROX decontamination technology.\nIn this presentation\
, we report some comparative findings on the corrosion and surface analyti
cal effects of the AP-CITROX procedure and the decontamination technology
elaborated at our institution. After optimizing its operational parameters
the latter technology is suitable for the decontamination of both dismoun
table (e.g. MCP swivel) and separable (e.g. heat exchanger) equipments. In
this semi-plant scale experiments\, the passivity\, morphology and chemic
al compositions of the treated surfaces of tube specimens were investigate
d by voltammetry\, and SEM-EDX methods.\nThe newly developed decontaminati
on technology can be effectively applied for the decontamination of the au
stenitic stainless steel samples\; the total oxide-layer can be removed by
this technique. The SEM-EDX results revealed that the oxide removal is su
rprisingly uniform even after 2 or 3 consecutive cycles. The electrochemic
al studies provided evidences that no unfavorable tendencies in the genera
l corrosion state of the tube samples can be detected in the course of the
chemical treatments.\n\nKeywords: decontamination\, AP-CITROX\, voltammet
ry\, SEM-EDX\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/284/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/284/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:New nucleus 277Hs: in between two islands of stability
DTSTART:20100419T080000Z
DTEND:20100419T081500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-285@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andreas Türler (Paul Scherrer Institute and Bern Un
iversity\, CH-5232 VILLIGEN PSI\, SWITZERLAND)\, Jens-Volker Kratz (Johann
es Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\, Christoph Düll
mann (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMA
NY)\, Matthias Schädel (1Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 642
91 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Klaus Eberhardt (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\, Alexander Yakushev (Technische Universit
ät München\, 85748 GARCHING\, GERMANY)\, Dieter Ackermann (Gesellschaft
für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Lise Lotte An
dersson (University of Liverpool\, LIVERPOOL\, L69 7ZE\, UK)\, Michael Blo
ck (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY
)\, Willy Brüchle (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DAR
MSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Jan Dvorak (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory\, BE
RKELEY\, California 94720\, USA)\, Hans Essel (Gesellschaft für Schwerion
enforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Paul Ellison (Lawrence Berk
eley National Laboratory\, BERKELEY\, California 94720\, USA)\, Julia Even
(Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\, Jacklyn
Marie Gates (2Technische Universität München\, 85748 GARCHING\, GERMANY
)\, Alexander Gorshkov (2Technische Universität München\, 85748 GARCHING
\, GERMANY)\, Reimar Graeger (2Technische Universität München\, 85748 GA
RCHING\, GERMANY)\, Kenneth E. Gregorich (Lawrence Berkeley National Labor
atory\, BERKELEY\, California 94720\, USA)\, Willi Hartmann (Gesellschaft
für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Rodi-D. Herzb
erg (University of Liverpool\, LIVERPOOL\, L69 7ZE\, UK)\, Fritz-P. Heßbe
rger (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMA
NY)\, Daniel Hild (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, G
ERMANY)\, Annett Hübner (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 642
91 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Egon Jäger (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforsch
ung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Jadambaa Khuyagbaatar (Gesellschaft
für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Birgit Kindl
er (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY
)\, Jörg Krier (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMST
ADT\, GERMANY)\, Nikolaus Kurz (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH
\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Susanta Lahiri (Saha Institute of Nuclear
Physics\, KOLKATA-700064\, INDIA)\, Dirk Liebe (Johannes Gutenberg-Univers
ität Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\, Bettina Lommel (Gesellschaft für S
chwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Moitri Maiti (Saha
Institute of Nuclear Physics\, KOLKATA-700064\, INDIA)\, Heino Nitsche (La
wrence Berkeley National Laboratory\, BERKELEY\, California 94720\, USA)\,
Jon Petter Omtvedt (University of Oslo\, 0315 OSLO\, NORWAY)\, E. Parr (U
niversity of Liverpool\, LIVERPOOL\, L69 7ZE\, UK)\, Dirk Rudolph (Lund Un
iversity\, 22100 LUND\, SWEDEN)\, Jörg Runke (Johannes Gutenberg-Universi
tät Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\, Gitta Schausten (Gesellschaft für S
chwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Erwin Schimpf (Gese
llschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, Andr
ej Semchenkov (University of Oslo\, 0315 OSLO\, NORWAY)\, Jutta Steiner (G
esellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH\, 64291 DARMSTADT\, GERMANY)\, P
etra Thörle-Pospiech (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, 55128 MAINZ
\, GERMANY)\, Juha Uusitalo (University of Jyväskylä\, 40014 JYVÄSKYLÄ
\, FINLAND)\, M. Wegrzecki (Institute of Electron Technology\, 02-668 WARS
AW\, POLAND)\, Norbert Wiehl (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, 5512
8 MAINZ\, GERMANY)\n\nThe nuclear fusion reactions 244-Pu(48-Ca\,3n)289-11
4 and 244-Pu(48-Ca\, 4n)288-114 were studied at the new\, highly efficien
t gas-filled recoil separator TASCA. The large number of thirteen observed
decay chains assigned to 288-114 and 289-114 enabled reliable cross secti
ons measurements. The highest cross section was 8.2 (+4.0 / -2.8) pb meas
ured for the 4n evaporation channel. The new nucleus 277-Hs was observed.
It decayed by spontaneous fission after a lifetime of 4.5 ms. Model calcul
ations\, which reproduce the properties of nuclides in the region around l
onger-lived deformed doubly-magic 270-Hs well suggest 277-Hs to be located
near a minimum of shell stabilization between this island of deformed nuc
lei and the island of stability of spherical superheavy nuclei.\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/285/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/285/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:High specific activity 177gLu for metabolic radiotherap
y: deuteron cyclotron vs. nuclear reactor
DTSTART:20100420T030000Z
DTEND:20100420T033000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-286@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Simone Manenti (Radiochemistry Laboratory\, LASA\, U
niversità degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano\, via F.lli Cervi 201\, I
-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\, Flavia Groppi (Radiochemistry Laborator
y\, LASA\, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano\, via F.lli C
ervi 201\, I-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\, Mauro L. Bonardi (Radiochem
istry Laboratory\, LASA\, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan
o\, via F.lli Cervi 201\, I-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\n\nThis work i
s focused on production of Lu-177g for uses in metabolic radiotherapy of t
umors\, due to the appropriate average beta- energy and gamma rays suitabl
e for detection by gamma-camera and SPET: t1/2 = 6.734 d\, b- 100 %\, Ebet
a-max = 489.3 keV\, = 163 keV\, main Eg = 113 and 208 keV. It is one of t
he most promising beta- emitters for small cancers. The production methods
are either direct neutron capture Lu-176(n\,g)Lu-177(m+g) on (60-70 %) en
riched Lu-176 target (sigma-th = 2 + 2100 10E-28 m^2\, plus a contribution
of epithermal neutrons from resonance peaks)\, with a lower specific acti
vity AS than the theoretical carrier-free one: AS(CF) = 4.05 GBq.microg^-1
\, or neutron capture on highly enriched Yb-176\, followed by beta- decay
Yb-176(n\,g)Yb-177 -> Lu-177g (sigma-th = 3.1 10E-28 m^2). Due to the long
half-life Lu-177m is relevant\, for rad-waste and dose to the patient and
medical personnel. The second method produces a high AS NCA Lu-177g\, whi
lst the first one a lower AS CA mixture of both\, diluted in stable Lu iso
topic carrier. Thus\, in the latter case the Lu-177g is contaminated by th
e long-lived radionuclidic impurity Lu-177m. Several commercial samples of
reactor produced Lu-177 were submitted to accurate measurement of both de
cay patterns and radionuclidic purity vs. time by using HPGe and LSCS. The
measurement of the isomeric ratio of Lu (direct neutron activation) and t
he absence of other Lu RNs (indirect neutron or deuteron activation) allow
s identifying the production method adopted. In case of direct Lu-176(n\,g
) route\, it was evidenced that - at administration time - the typical amo
unt of the long-lived Lu-177m was of the order of 0.01 %. The experimental
t1/2 for Lu-177g (6.724 ± 0.006 d) is in very good agreement with the re
ference value taken from the literature of 6.734 d. \nAn alternative metho
d is based on deuteron activation of Yb-176\, by (d\,p) reactions followed
by decay of the short-lived Yb-177 and direct (d\,n) reactions as well. D
euteron activations have been carried out at JRC-Ispra Cyclotron (K=38) of
EC\, with deuteron beams up to 19 MeV. \nTo conclude Lu-177g can be produ
ced in no-carrier-added form\, by either neutron activation on enriched Yb
-176 or by deuteron irradiation on very highly enriched Lu-176\, both foll
owed by decay of Yb-177. In both cases a AS value could be very close to t
he CF one\, after selective radiochemical separation of Lu from Yb target.
It is remarkable that Yb-177 decays solely to the ground level of Lu\, l
eading to a very high radionuclidic purity Lu-177g\, not contaminated by t
he long-lived metastable radioisotopic impurity Lu-177m. A much higher val
ue of radionuclidic purity is achievable (theoretically 100 %) in case of
direct Yb-176(d\,n)Lu-177 route\, whose effective threshold is at 13 MeV.\
nSeveral activation of thin Yb targets by deuterons led to the conclusion
that a maximum thin-target yield for Lu-177g of 246 MBq.C^-1.MeV^-1 is ach
ievable (sigma-max = 250 10E-25 m^2) at 12.5 MeV\, on 100 % Yb-176 target.
Our data will be compared with the data taken from the literature for th
e two neutron routes.\nFinally ET-AAS and NAA were used to determine chemi
cal purity and AS of the products.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/
contributions/286/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/286/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Technetium chemistry at the University of Nevada Las Vegas
DTSTART:20100422T033000Z
DTEND:20100422T034500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-287@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Erik Johnstone (UNLV)\, Ed Mausolf (UNLV)\, Gordon J
arvinen (LANL)\, Ken Czerwinski (UNLV)\, Philippe Weck (UNLV)\, Paul Forst
er (UNLV)\, Alfred Sattelberger (ANL)\, Frederic poineau (UNLV)\n\nThe che
mistry of technetium is being explored at the University of Nevada Las Veg
as. Our goal is to investigate both the applied and fundamental aspects of
technetium chemistry\, with a special emphasis on synthesis\, separations
\, and materials science. The synthetic chemistry focuses on metal-metal b
onding and binary halides. Recently\, two new multiply metal-metal bonded
dimers and technetium tribromide and tetrabromide were prepared and charac
terized. These compounds were used as precursor for synthesis of low valen
t technetium complexes. The structure of (n-Bu4N)2Tc2Br8 was solved by sin
gle crystal XRD and its electronic structure analyzed by first principles
calculations. Separation and materials chemistry is related to the nucle
ar industry. The separation of uranium/technetium from acidic solution\,
and synthesis of Tc containing waste forms have been investigated. The fa
cilities at UNLV include modern radiochemistry laboratories where investig
ators can work with multi-milligram quantities of 99Tc\, and analytical in
strumentation dedicated for radioelement characterization and analysis.\n\
nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/287/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/287/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Application of Monte Carlo simulation to design a modular 241
Am-Be neutron irradiator irradiator
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-294@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Pietro Buffa (University of Palermo - Nuclear Engine
ering Department)\, Salvatore Rizzo (University of Palermo - Nuclear Engin
eering Department)\, Elio Tomarchio (University of Palermo - Nuclear Engin
eering Department)\n\nNeutron irradiator facilities with 241Am-Be sources
are worldwide available in order to perform neutron activation analysis (N
AA)\, to investigate materials in different research areas or to test and
calibrate neutron detectors and environmental or personal dosemeters. The
use of a neutron irradiator is advantageous because have a very stable neu
tron flux\, even it is many orders of magnitude lower than the one of a nu
clear reactor or a particle accelerator. Many of irradiators are realized
with neutron sources located at fixed positions and accordingly the chara
cteristics of neutron spectrum previously assessed do not change. However\
, an interesting chance is to have a modular facility\, capable of varying
conditions of irradiation and setting the prevalence of fast or thermal n
eutron spectrum component. \nIn this work we report the Monte Carlo studie
s devoted to design a modular 241Am-Be neutron irradiator making use of
different moderators (water\, graphite\, polyethylene and so on) in order
to obtain a neutron energy distribution useful to test neutron detectors
or personal dosemeters. \nThe optimization of thicknesses and shape of the
moderators and shielding materials was obtained with a Monte Carlo simula
tion with MCNP5 code. An experimental test to verify the reliability of th
e simulation by means of NAA of selected materials was also performed. Onc
e realized\, the designed neutron irradiator will provide an useful facili
ty for radiochemical material studying and testing and calibration of pers
onal dosemeters or neutron measurement equipments.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.
cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/294/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/294/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Prompt &gamma\;-ray activation analysis for H\, B\, Bi\, Pb and Cd
DTSTART:20100420T050000Z
DTEND:20100420T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-288@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andreas Türler (Paul Scherrer Institut)\, Petra Kud
ejova (Technische Universität München)\, Lea Canella (Technische Univers
ität München)\, Stefan Söllradl (Technische Universität München)\n\nN
eutron Activation Analysis (NAA) is a well established method for non-dest
ructive determination of elemental composition and the analysis of trace
elements. Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGAA or PGNAA) is a co
mplementary radioanalytical technique to NAA for non-invasive investigatio
ns of samples with neutrons.\nOne of the main advantages of this latter te
chnique is the easy determination of some light elements like H\, Li\, Be\
, B\, C\, N and S\, that can not be easily determined or cannot be determi
ned at all by NAA. Moreover\, for the determination of elements like P\, C
d\, Gd and Pb PGAA is more effective thanks to the high neutron cross sect
ion of some isotopes that are not activated after the irradiation.\nThe ne
xt advantage of PGAA is the rapidity: the irradiation takes max. few hours
\, the data analysis can be performed on the day of measurement and the sa
mple is not activated for a long time. Furthermore\, the sample needs no p
reparation for the PGAA measurement.\n At the first sight\, the disadva
ntage of the PGAA to NAA are the detection limits. Compared to NAA they ar
e usually higher\, aside few exceptions\, mainly in the ppm region. But sp
eaking about PGAA\, it is more correct to mention “dynamic detection lim
its” because they are strongly dependent on the matrix of the samples an
d on the background of the neutron beam (measurements are done during the
sample’s irradiation).\nThe neutron beam guide NL4b at the research reac
tor Froschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II) in Garching be
i München is dedicated to the new Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysi
s facility. \n The fingerprint of this PGAA instrument is the cold neut
ron flux of a very high intensity due to the elliptically tapered design o
f the neutron beam guide. The neutrons are focused at the sample position
with a maximum thermal equivalent flux of 6.3*10^10 n/cm² s (1.7*10^10 n
/cm² s using the measured mean energy of neutron spectrum\, 1.83 meV). Th
e detection system is made by two HPGe detectors\, both with a standard Co
mpton suppression system.\n In this contribution few exemplary measurem
ents of “typical PGAA elements” will be presented:\n• Hydrogen is
a very interesting element concerning superconducting materials and some
clathrates. Its presence inside these compound can modify the material cha
rachteristics\;\n• PGAA is very effective for the determination of bo
ron. The dynamic range for this element was determined\, as well as the de
tection limit and used for measurements in silicium wafers and nano-partic
les\;\n• 1-dimensional distribution of bismuth in lead crystals was a
lso determined with very good statistics. \n• Cadmium is another “g
ood element” for this technique. It was analysed in some biological samp
les for medical research.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribut
ions/288/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/288/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Investigations on seepage waters of the test site Gessenwiese by T
RLFS
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-290@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thuro Arnold (FZD)\, Nils Baumann (FZD)\n\nNils Baum
ann*\, Thuro Arnold\nForschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V.\, Institut
e of Radiochemistry\, P.O. Box 510119\, D-01314 Dresden\, Germany\n*Tel.:
+49 (351) 260 2076\, Fax: +49 (351) 260 3553\, Email: n.baumann@fzd.de\n\n
The test field “Gessenwiese” was installed on a leaching heap at the f
ormer uranium mining area Ronneburg (western Thuringia) for investigations
in acid mining drainage and in heavy metals retention\, especially uraniu
m (Grawunder A. et al. 2009). The uranium speciation in seepage water of t
he Gessenwiese was determined by TRLFS. Time-resolved laser-induced fluore
scence spectroscopy (TRLFS) posses some superior features\, above all a ve
ry high sensitivity for fluorescent heavy metal ions. The predominance of
TRLFS compared to other spectroscopic techniques\, e.g. XRD and IR was sho
wed in Baumann N. et al. (2008) in analyzing the speciation of U(VI) in a
thin layer of an alteration product formed on depleted uranium. \nTRLFS an
alyses were carried out to compare it in a later stage with the uranium sp
eciation in plants\, which grow on that grassland and may take up uranium
contaminated water. The uranium content in the seepage water sam-ples was
75.1 and 291 ppb\, respectively\, and both samples delivered an evaluable
fluorescence signal for TRLFS. The positions of the six peak maxima from
these signals are in both water samples in concordance with data for urani
um sulfate species published in the literature\, e. g. in Geipel G. et al.
(1996) at 477\, 493\, 513\, 537\, 562 and 591 nm. Moreover\, the time-res
olved fluorescence signals of both water samples possess a mono-exponentia
l decay\, indicating the presence of one main species. These two character
istics\, i.e. positions of peak maxima and lifetimes revealed without doub
t that the uranium speciation in the seepage water is dominated by uranium
(VI) sulfate species.\nTRLFS measurements with plant compartments (e.g. r
oots\, leaves\, shoots) which grow in association with the seepage water w
ill be carried out in future investigations. Samples could be obtained fro
m the plant compart-ments by centrifugation as cell sap\, or as solid mill
ed plant compartment sample and subsequently analysed by TRLFS. The reacti
vity and toxicity of uranium depend on the speciation of heavy metals (Car
rière et al. 2005) and accordingly have to be considered as important pos
sible risk factor as uranium may enter economic plants and eventually arri
ves in the food chain. \n\nGrawunder A. et al. Chem Erde-Geochem. 69 5-19
(2009)\nBaumann N. et al. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 8266-8269 (2008)\nGeip
el G. et al. Radiochim. Acta 75 199-204 (1996)\nCarrière M. et al. Nucl.
Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 231\, 268-
273 (2005)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/290/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/290/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Airborne and terrain &gamma\; spectrometry monitoring of natural a
nd artificial radioactivity
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-292@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marcel Ohera (EnviMO Brno CZ)\, Jiří Janda (NBC De
fence Institute Vyškov\, University of Defence CZ)\, Petr Sládek (NBC De
fence Institute Vyškov\, University of Defence CZ)\n\nAirborne and terrai
n gamma-ray spectrometry are very effective methods for radiation control
in environment\, prospecting of radioactive contamination and localization
of radioactive sources. These methods were proved in the system of the mi
litary radiation reconnaissance and radiation monitoring of the Czech Arme
d Forces. The IRIS-XP airborne gamma-ray spectrometer (4x4 liters NaI(Tl)
crystals) and terrain gamma-ray spectrometer PGIS-128 (2 liters NaI(Tl) cr
ystal)\, both produced by PICO Envirotec\, Inc. Canada\, were used for in-
situ experiments. The helicopter Mi-17 was used for airborne measurement a
nd the mobile devices and footpath variant were utilized for measurement o
n terrain surface. The semi-calibration of described systems was performed
by comparison with semiconductor HPGe in-situ gamma-ray spectrometry on s
elected terrain locality. The spectra of natural radionuclides\, such as K
-40\, Th-232 and U-238\, were measured for these purposes. The radiation s
ources Cs-137 and Co-60 with activity from 100 MBq up to 3 GBq were used f
or measurement optimization and simulation of radiation events. The terrai
n gamma-ray spectrometry was also tested under the condition of real conta
mination in Chernobyl “exclusion zone”.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
/event/1/contributions/292/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/292/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radon measurements: a way to disseminate scientific culture among
young students in Italy
DTSTART:20100420T083000Z
DTEND:20100420T085000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-293@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Simone Manenti (Radiochemistry Laboratory\, LASA\, U
niversità degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano\, via F.lli Cervi 201\, I
-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\, Mauro L. Bonardi (Radiochemistry Labora
tory\, LASA\, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milano\, via F.ll
i Cervi 201\, I-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\, Flavia Groppi (Radiochem
istry Laboratory\, LASA\, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN-Milan
o\, via F.lli Cervi 201\, I-20090 Segrate\, Milano\, Italy)\n\nUsually\, t
he lack of information cause to be afraid about what we don’t know\, imp
uting to it a greater hazard. On the contrary we face up without fear acti
vities that have a high level of riskiness\, but for which we have direct
experience. In other worlds the subjective perception of the risk very oft
en doesn’t correspond to the objective and real risk of an activity. In
particular the radioactivity theme is misled because it is almost unknown
and the public links this concept to nuclear arms and to its usage in unco
rrected way to produce energy in the nuclear power plants\, evenif in the
last 50 years NPP for civil uses has significantly fewer casualties than a
ny other source of energy. However\, because public opinion is driven by e
motions rather than rational knowledge based views nuclear power’s assoc
iation with nuclear weapons has contributed to its lack of acceptance in m
any places throughout the world and in particular in Italy the “nuclear
issue” has been for a long time a taboo. A way to make the public more t
rusting to nuclear issue\, that the people can have a more rationally reac
tions and could build up a personal understanding about these issues\, is
to discuss about this theme and about radioactivity and ionizing radiation
\, starting from young students.\nOn these bases several Physics Departmen
ts with Lauree Scientifiche Project and sections of the National Institute
of Nuclear Physics (INFN) with ENVIRAD-SPLASH Project would give to the s
tudents of secondary school and to their teachers the opportunity to face
these themes with basic information and with an experimental activity.\nTh
e approach is to have students engaged in activities that will allow them
to understand how natural radioactivity is a part of our everyday environm
ent. This would include how radiation enters our lives in different ways\,
to demonstrate that natural radioactive sources found in soil\, water\, a
nd air contribute to our exposure to natural ionizing radiation and how th
is exposure effects human health.\nDepending on local situations and the s
pecific experiences of the students\, several approaches were used. Howeve
r\, collaboration among the schools was an essential element in the progra
m’s success. The core idea is that: a) to provide the students a furnish
ed laboratory at their school so that they can measure the natural compone
nt of the radioactivity that surround us. In this exercise the measurement
of the Rn-222 concentration is particularly well suited b) to show the di
fferent types of radiations including ionizing radiations and how they eac
h relate to the other\; c) to demonstrate how easily ionizing radiations c
an be measured\; d) and to prove the fun a student can derive from discove
ry and detection of ionizing radiation in the environment. In this paper
the experience of Milano reality is been reported in more detail.\nAnother
objective is to develop a new technique for teaching physics which will e
nhance scientific interest of students in applications of nuclear physics
in both environmental and physical sciences.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.c
z/event/1/contributions/293/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/293/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Analysis of 55Fe by combination of chromatographic sepa
ration and liquid scintillation detection
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-296@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Martina Rozmaric Macefat (Rudjer Boskovic Institute)
\, Zeljko Grahek (Rudjer Boskovic Institute)\n\n55Fe is an activation prod
uct\, low energetic beta emitter with approximately 2\,74 year half life.
Therefore\, its presence in natural systems is limited in time and mainly
dependent on nuclear reactor operation. As a rule determination of 55Fe re
quire chemical separation prior detection. For this purposes separation on
anion exchange column in two steps is usually used which makes it time-co
nsuming. In addition in last decade improvements of methodology was descri
bed in few publications but mainly for its determination in liquid radioac
tive waste samples. Therefore\, the main aim of this paper is shown the wa
y for iron isolation from liquid samples with a high concentration of ions
that enable simple determination of 55Fe. It will be discussed iron bindi
ng on extraction chromatographic resins developed by Horwitz and co-worker
s\, so called TRU and Ln resin. The methods for concentration and separati
on from all interfering isotopes on extraction chromatographic column whic
h enables rapid and simple determination will be proposed. It will be show
n how Fe can be easily separated from great amounts of macro elements\, al
pha and beta emitters on column filled with TRU or Ln resin by using HCl a
nd/or HNO3 in one step. The advantages and disadvantages of using of Ln an
d TRU resins will be discussed. After the isolation\, activity of 55Fe is
determined by counting on the liquid scintillation counter by using quench
correction curve. So it will be described which type of quenching mainly
influences on accuracy of determination. Type of polynomial approximation
for efficiency determination (and quench correction) in sense of minimiza
tion of determination error will be proposed. Budget of uncertainty of det
ermination will be discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/296/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/296/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sequential separation of 90Sr from &alpha\; emitters wi
th mixed solvent anion exchange and their determination by LSC and &alpha\
; spectrometry
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-297@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Zeljko Grahek (Rudjer Boskovic Institute)\, Martina
Rozmaric Macefat (Rudjer Boskovic Institute)\n\nStrontium\, plutonium and
americium are isotopes which determination is most often in practice (fro
m all among alpha and pure beta emitters) because of their radiotoxicity\,
long period of half life and potential hazardous for human life. It is we
ll known that their determination\, because of radiochemical properties\,
require isolation from sample and separation from other elements (active o
r inactive) before detection. In past many methods were developed for thei
r separation from different kind of samples. Main characteristic of almost
all this methods is that separation and determination of strontium isotop
es are separated from alpha emitters. \nTherefore the main aim of this pap
er is development of method for strontium and alpha emitters separation in
one step by mixed solvent anion exchange. It will be shown that Sr\, Y an
d mentioned alpha emitters can be isolated from complex samples and separa
ted from great amounts of Ca and many other elements and after that\, sepa
rated mutually on the chromatographic column filled with strong base anion
exchangers (Amberlite CG-400 or Dowex 1x8) in nitrate form combined with
alcoholic solutions of nitric acid as eluent. It will be also shown how co
mbination of used alcohols can improve separation efficiency between menti
oned isotopes. Separation of Sr and Y from Am and Pu can be achieved on th
e column filled with mentioned exchanger and alcohol (ethanol\, methanol)-
water mixture as eluent. Pu and Am can be easily stripped from column by w
ater. In addition it will be shown how this type of isolation can acceler
ate 89\,90Sr determination on LSC or proportional counter and determinatio
n of Pu and Am by alpha spectrometry.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/even
t/1/contributions/297/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/297/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Natural radionuclide concentrations in Austrian mineral waters
DTSTART:20100420T033000Z
DTEND:20100420T035000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-298@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tania Jabbar (Institut für Anorganische Chemie\, Un
iversität Wien)\, Gabriele Wallner (Institut für Anorganische Chemie\, U
niversität Wien)\n\nAs an EU country\, Austria has to meet the European C
ommunity guideline concerning waters for consumption\; here a Total Indica
tive Dose of 0.10 mSv per year for all nuclides with the exception of trit
ium\, potassium-40\, radon and radon progeny\, is fixed. In our investigat
ion we measured the radium isotopes Ra-226 and Ra-228\, the uranium isotop
es U-248 and U-234\, as well as Pb-210 and Po-210\; although the latter tw
o are radon daughters and therefore exempted from the guideline\, they can
contribute considerably to the committed dose due to their higher dose co
nversion factors.\n\n1-1.5 L samples of brands from all over Austria were
collected from different stores. Radium isotopes were separated by filteri
ng the acidified and degassed mineral water through a Ra extraction disk c
ontaining an ion exchange resin1. Radium was eluted from the filter with E
DTA. The EDTA solution was mixed with a scintillation cocktail and then co
unted with a low-level counter (Quantulus 1220) using pulse-shape analysis
. This procedure collects also the Pb-210\, which can be seen in the β-sp
ectrum close to the Ra-228 peak.\n\nPo-210 was spontaneously deposited fro
m the remaining solution onto Cu planchets together with a Po-208 tracer a
nd measured α-spectrometrically with a PIPS detector2.\n\nAfter adding U-
232 as a spike uranium was separated by anionic exchange and also measured
α-spectrometrically after microprecipitation with neodymium flouride3.\n
\nFrom our measured activity concentrations we will give an estimate of th
e radiological impact of mineral water on consumers. Generally\, the calcu
lated annual doses to the adult members of the public are far below the To
tal Indicative Dose of 0.1 mSv per year.\n\n\n1 F. Schönhofer\, G. Wallne
r. Very rapid determination of 226Ra\, 228Ra and 210Pb by selective adsorp
tion and LSC. Radioactivity and Radiochemistry 12 No.2 (2001) 33.\n2 WHO\,
World Health organisation. Methods of radiochemical analysis. Genf 1966.\
n3 F.D. Hindman. Neodymium flouride mounting for α-spectrometric determin
ation of uranium\, plutonium and americium. Anal. Chem. 55 (1983) 2460.\n\
n\n\n\nThis work was funded by the Bundesministerium für Gesundheit\, Fam
ilie und Jugend\, Sektion III\, GZ: BMGFJ-32234/0002-III/B/5/2008.\n\nhttp
s://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/298/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/298/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The complexation of Tc(IV) with organic ligands in radioactive was
te
DTSTART:20100419T101500Z
DTEND:20100419T103000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-299@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Warwick (Loughborough University)\, Ricky Hall
am (Loughborough University)\, Nicholas Evans (Loughborough University)\n\
nThe preferred option in the UK for the management of higher-activity radi
oactive wastes is to store it in a deep Geological Disposal Facility (GDF)
. This may then be backfilled with a cementitious material. Once closed\,
the GDF will become saturated with groundwater and highly alkaline porewat
er will develop with an initial pH of ca. 13.4. This will decrease to 12.5
as groundwater flow removes the NaOH and KOH present. Mineral phases in t
he cement will then act as a buffer and maintain the pH at 12.5 for ca. 10
5 years. Corrosion of waste-containing steel canisters will lead to the gr
adual formation of reducing conditions. Thus\, the behaviour of radionucli
des in the waste must be understood in the context of this chemistry.\n\nO
rganic complexing agents will be present as inherent components of the was
te\, especially isosaccharinic acid (ISA) and other polyhydroxylated carbo
xylic acids which will be formed by the degradation of cellulose. These ar
e highly complexing and can cause significant increases in radionuclide so
lubility at high pH. The GDF will not be homogenous\, there are likely to
be areas of reducing and oxidising potential. This heterogeneity could mea
n that both Tc(VII) and Tc(IV) are present within the GDF. If TcO4- migrat
es into an area in which reducing conditions exist\, the organics may comp
lex with technetium during reduction to form water-soluble complexes. Also
of relevance is the possibility of increased solubility when organics are
in contact with reduced technetium (TcO2(am)). In other words\, do organi
cs affect the reduction of Tc(VII) to Tc(IV)? Therefore\, studies have bee
n undertaken in which TcO4- was reduced electrochemically\, and by Sn(II)
and Fe(II)\, in the presence and absence of ISA\, gluconic acid\, EDTA\, N
TA and picolinic acid\, to determine whether they caused an increase in Tc
solubility when TcO2(am) was contacted with them.\n\nIn the presence of I
SA and gluconic acid a lowering of [Tc(aq)] took place on reduction\, show
ing such ligands did not prevent some reduction occurring. If this reducti
on was to Tc(IV)\, then the final aqueous concentration should be the same
as that produced by the addition of the same ligands to Tc(IV) solution a
t steady state\, i.e. the Tc(IV) complexes would again be formed\, but by
2 different routes. However\, the final [Tc](aq) in the system where reduc
tion took place in the presence of ISA and gluconate was higher than when
starting from TcO2(am). This indicates that Tc(VII) may not have been redu
ced to Tc(IV) but an intermediate oxidation state complex such as Tc(V) ma
y have formed. This concept is well known in 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals\,
where polyhydric complexes of Tc(V) can be formed by the reduction of pert
echnetate in aqueous solution of excess O-donor ligand\, although in pharm
aceuticals this is not carried out at high pH.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/299/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/299/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The study of the speciation of uranyl-sulphate complexes by UV-VIS
absorption spectra decomposition
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-300@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dusan Vopalka (CTU Prague)\, Alois Motl (CTU Prague)
\, Karel Stamberg (CTU Prague)\, barbora Drtinova (CTU Prague)\n\nUranyl-s
ulphate complexes are the most significant U(VI) species in acid solutions
containing sulphate ions. The study of their properties is of practical s
ignificance for characterisation of solutions used in underground uranium
ore leaching and following remediation of leaching sites. At low pH values
\, the speciation of U(VI) mainly depends on its total concentration [UVI]
and sulphate ions concentration [SO42–]. As absorption UV-VIS spectra
of UO2(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 solutions were found significantly depend upon the r
atio = [SO42–] / [UVI]\, the spectrophotometric method for closer s
tudy of U(VI) - SO42– complexes speciation was used.\nStudied solutions
were of constant uranium concentration [UVI] = 5•10–2 mol•L–1. Req
uired values of the ratio were adjusted by proper additions of Na2SO4
solution and varied from = 0 up to = 20. Constant pH value pH =
2 was maintained by the additions of either HNO3 or NaOH solution of negli
gible volume. Absorption spectra were recorded using UV/VIS spectrophotome
ter CARRY 100 within the wave-length range 190 – 900 nm.\n The follow
ing U(VI) species were considered under conditions given: UO22+\, UO2SO4 (
aq)\, UO2(SO4)22– and UO2(SO4)34–. As the most pronounced effects of t
he ratio value changes on the spectra revealed at wave-length between
380 and 500 nm\, these parts of spectra were used as a database for the id
entification of individual U(VI) species and for determination of their in
dividual spectra by deconvolution of the experimental spectrum. Proposed s
imple deconvolution method needs to estimate relative amounts of individua
l species\, preliminary. Stability constants from NEA database and SIT met
hod of activity coefficients calculation at high ionic strength were used
for this purpose. The spectrum of UO2(NO3)2 solution without Na2SO4 (
= 0\, pH = 2) was considered to be individual spectrum of pure UO22+ speci
e. Absorbance data following from it and calculated relative amounts of al
l four species for each value were taken as the basic set of input dat
a for deconvolution. Then\, the absorbance of each of the three remaining
species (UO2SO4 (aq)\, UO2(SO4)22–\, UO2(SO4)34–) at given wave length
can be find by solving the system of three linear equations involving exp
erimental data from three spectra of different ratio. The disagreement
of spectra calculated from different triplets of experimental spectra can
be caused either by experimental errors\, or by incorrect estimation of r
elative amounts of individual species. Thus\, presented method can be help
ful even for estimation of accuracy of stability constants and SIT activit
y coefficients used in speciation calculations.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/300/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/300/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiocesium activity concentration measurements in game meat as a
tool for monitoring radioactive contamination in wildlife and ensuring rad
iological safety for consumers
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-303@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andrzej Grosicki (National Veterinary Research Insti
tute\, Department of Radiobiology\, Pulawy\, Poland)\n\nAn increased level
of caesium radioisotopes was noted in many foodstuffs after the Chernobyl
disaster. The radiocaesium activity concentrations may remain high in pro
ducts such as game meat\, wild mushrooms\, and forest berries. Therefore\,
an official monitoring of radiocaesium in game meat was established by Po
lish Veterinary Inspection. Generally\, consumption of game meat in Poland
is low. However\, in hunters’ families this sort of food can contribute
a large portion of meat to a diet. Moreover\, some quantities of Polish g
ame meat are exported to many countries. Meat samples of wild boar\, red d
eer\, and roe deer were taken at game processing facilities by veterinary
inspection officers and then transported to laboratories for analyses. Rad
iocaesium activity concentrations were determined by gamma-ray spectrometr
y using scintillation (NaI(Tl)) detectors. The Cs-134 activity concentrati
ons were negligible (below MDA) in all the samples analysed. Generally\, t
he Cs-137 activity concentrations varied between and among the animal spec
ies even in the same region ranged from MDA values to some hundreds Bq/kg.
The effective dose\, which general population in Poland received from con
suming game meat\, may be considered very low with the exception of hunter
s’ families. Assuming the mean annual game consumption of 20 kg in hunte
rs’ families and the mean effective dose of 0.23 µSv per kg (two year s
tudies)\, an individual in the most exposed group may receive the effectiv
e dose of 4.6 µSv. In conclusion\, consumption of local game meat is safe
in terms of contamination with radiocaesium and radiological protection.\
n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/303/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/303/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption of Tc(IV) to geologic materials associated with a geologi
cal disposal facility
DTSTART:20100420T085000Z
DTEND:20100420T091000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-306@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nicholas D. M. Evans (Loughborough University)\, Ric
ky Hallam (Loughborough University)\n\nTechnetium-99 is one of the most im
portant isotopes likely to be disposed of in the proposed UK Geological Di
sposal Facility (GDF) for higher-activity radioactive wastes. This is due
to its long half life (2.13 x 105 y)\, fission yield (6%)\, and its abilit
y to migrate through soils and other environmental components when in its
oxidised\, pertechnetate\, TcO4- form. However\, much of the technetium in
the GDF is likely to be in the lower oxidation state of Tc(IV) as TcO2(am
) or TcO(OH)2(aq). Therefore\, an important aspect of the behaviour of tec
hnetium in the near- and far-fields of a GDF is its sorption to geologic a
nd cementitious materials in its reduced (Tc(IV)) oxidation state.\n\nBatc
h sorption experiments on technetium in both oxidised and reduced forms ha
ve been conducted in the presence of various materials which are associate
d with a deep geological disposal facility. These solids can be placed in
the following categories:\n\nSingle minerals\;\nSedimentary rocks\;\nCryst
alline rocks\;\nCarbonates\;\nClays and clay minerals\;\nConcretes and cem
ents.\n\nTc(IV) was produced by electrochemically reducing a solution of T
c-95m\, (t1/2 = 60 days\,) pertechnetate which was used as a spike added
to a carrier solution of reduced Tc-99 pertechnetate solution. Tc(IV) solu
tions were used at concentrations from 10-9 to 10-11 mol dm-3.\n\nThe resu
lts for these studies show Rd values ranging from 0 – 39 000 ml g-1 depe
nding on pH and solid material. The results for both oxidised and reduced
technetium in the presence of solids associated with a geological disposal
facility are presented here. It is noticeable that the Rd is very depende
nt on the pH. For example\, for a 10-9 mol dm-3 technetium solution in con
tact with bentonite at pH 7\, Rd = 21 ml g-1\, however\, at pH 10 for the
same concentration of technetium Rd = 2974 ml g-1. \n\nSurface complexatio
n modelling of the data generated has been performed\, as well as characte
risation of the solids. In general using bidentate constants give best agr
eement between model and data\, e.g. for bentonite:\n\nBent-OH + H+ ↔ Be
nt-OH2+ (Log K = 4.5*)\nBent-OH ↔ Bent-O- + H+ (Log K = -7.9*)\nBent-O
H + Na+ ↔ Bent-ONa + H+ (Log K = -0.1)\nBent-OH + TcO2+ + H2O ↔ (Bent-
O)2TcO(OH)- + 3H+ (Log K = -0.75)\n* Grambow et al. Radiochim. Acta\, 94\,
627\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/306/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/306/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Separation of 131Cs from barium radionuclides
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-307@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abdisamat Vasidov (senior staff scientist)\, Saidakh
mad Khujaev (Chief of laboratory)\n\nKhujaev S.\, Markelova E.A.\, Vasidov
A.\nInstitute of Nuclear Physics\, Tashkent\, Uzbekistan\n\nThe implanted
seeds of the Cs-131 are successfully uses in brachytherapy to treat prost
ate cancer and other malignant tumors. The single x-rays of Cs-131 with 3
0 keV damages and kills genetic materials of cancer cells\, making it impo
ssible for these cells to continue to grow while saving or minimizing dama
ge to the healthy tissue. Besides the radioisotope Cs-131 has a short half
-life (T1/2=9.7 day)\, making it is able to deliver a 90% of its dose ener
gy in just 33 days compared to 204 days for I-125 (T1/2=60 day) and 58 da
ys for Pd-103 (T1/2=17 day). \nIn this work\, the radiochemical methods
of separation of the Cs-131 from Barium radioactive isotopes are presented
. The targets of barium components (BaCl2\, BaCO3\, BaO) were irradiated f
or 3-7 days\, by thermal neutrons at fluxes of 5-10x1013 cm-2 s-1 of nucle
ar reactor. As a result of an irradiation have formed about 10 an undesira
ble radionuclidies\, that represents a certain difficulties and radioactiv
e safety at separation of the Cs-131 from radioactive solutions. Carrier-f
ree Cs-131 is separated from the irradiated barium target\, by precipitati
on of Ba2+ cations with addition of SO42- anions in excess and filtration
of the formed precipitate. Chemical purity of Cs-131 was determined by gam
ma spectrometer of the HPGe detector.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event
/1/contributions/307/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/307/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Independent verification of element 114
DTSTART:20100419T083000Z
DTEND:20100419T084500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-308@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Heino Nitsche (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
and University of California\, Berkeley)\, M.A. Garcia (Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory and University of California\, Berkeley)\, Irena Drag
ojević (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of Californi
a\, Berkeley)\, P.A. Ellison (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Un
iversity of California\, Berkeley)\, K.E. Gregorich (Lawrence Berkeley Nat
ional Laboratory)\, Liv Stavsetra (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)\
, Jan Dvorak (Helmholtz Institute Mainz)\n\nProduction of numerous superhe
avy elements (SHE) in 48Ca irradiations of actinide targets was reported b
y the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS) group in past years [1]. I
ndependent verification of these observations has been of paramount import
ance\, but confirmation experiments failed to produce SHE in 48Ca induced
reactions. We report on the first successful independent verification of t
he production of element 114 in the reaction 48Ca(242Pu\,3-4n)287\,286114
at a center-of-target energy of 244 MeV. Two genetically correlated decay
chains were observed during 8-day experiment at the Lawrence Berkeley Nat
ional Laboratory's (LBNL) 88-Inch Cyclotron. Based on the observed decay p
roperties these decay chains were attributed to decay of 287114 and 286114
produced in 3n and 4n channel\, respectively. Implications of this observ
ation on chemistry and physics of the heaviest elements will be discussed
.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/308/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/308/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of HDEHP-PAN solid extractants for 90Sr determina
tion
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-324@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ferdinand Šebesta (CTU in Prague)\, John John (CTU
in Prague)\, Filip Kužel (CTU in Prague)\n\nApplication of solid extracta
nts containing di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) in the support bas
ed on modified polycrylonitrile (PAN) has been proposed at the CTU in Prag
ue\, Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, for the determination of 90Sr by me
ans of measuring the activity of its 90Y daughter utilising a procedure si
milar to that developed by Burnett et al. in 1975 for the determination of
228Ra 1. For the introductory study\, 152Eu and 133Ba were used as chemic
al homologues of 90Y and 90Sr. For these radionuclides\, dependences of ma
ss distribution coefficients (Dg) on the nitric acid concentration were me
asured for several types of HDEHP-PAN solid extractants\; the results obta
ined were compared with the data presented by Horwitz et al. in his 1975 p
aper 2. For one of the solid extractants\, similar dependence was also det
ermined for the hydrochloric acid. The mechanism of the Eu3+ and Ba2+ ions
was confirmed to follow the theoretical two-phase equation for the chelat
ing extractants. The shifts of the curves measured for various solid extra
ctants could be ascribed to the different amounts of HDEHP in the extracta
nts. Further\, influence of the presence of nitrates (total salinity)\, ca
lcium (Sr homologue) and iron (Y major interferent) ions on the Dg values
were determined. For both Eu and Ba\, a decrease of Dg values with increas
ing nitrates concentration was observed. As expected\, the Dg(Eu) values w
ere suppressed already by relatively low iron concentrations. The influenc
e of iron ions could be masked by the addition of ascorbic acid if working
in hydrochloric acid. The Dg(Eu) values were not influenced by the presen
ce of calcium while\, as expected\, uptake of barium at low acidities was
strongly suppressed already by relatively low calcium concentrations. The
results obtained make application of solid extractants containing HDEHP in
PAN support prospective for 90Sr determination.\n\nThis work was supporte
d by grant MSM 6840770020.\n\n1. Burnett W. C.\, Cable P. H.\, et al.: Rad
ioactivity and Radiochemistry 6\, 36 (1995).\n2. Horwitz E. P.\, Bloomquis
t C. A. A.: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 37\, 425 (1975).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.
cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/324/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/324/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Production and investigation of thin films of metal actinides (Pu\
, Am\, Cm\, Bk\, Cf)
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-309@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State Scientific Center -
Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nUnder limited availability of
transplutonium metals special techniques and methods of their production h
ave been developed that combine the process of metal reduction from a chem
ical compound and preparation of a sample for examination. In this situati
on the evaporation and condensation of metal onto substrate becomes the on
ly possible technology.\nThin film samples of metal curium (244Cm\, 248Cm)
and 249Bk were produced by thermal reduction of oxides with thorium at
1700°С. Metal layers of 0.6-180 µm and 2.5 µm thickness\, respectiv
ely\, were deposited onto the tantalum substrate. For production of metal
californium 249Cf in the form of a layer with a thickness of (2.4 ± 0.3)
µm the method of thermal reduction of oxide with lanthanum was used.\nSam
ples of 238Pu in the form of a film with a layer thickness between 1 and 4
0 µm and those of 239Pu with a layer thickness between 15 and 40 µm fo
r X-ray structure analysis were prepared by direct high temperature evapor
ation and condensation of metal onto substrate. For production of 241Am so
urces a gram sample of plutonium was used containing about 18.5% of americ
ium at the time of production. \nThermal decomposition of Pt5Am intermetal
lic (262 mg mass) in vacuum was used to produce metal americium with about
80% yield. \nResistivity of metal californium (249Cf ) films with a thick
ness of (0.8 0.1) and (0.1 0.01) µm was measured using the poten
tiometric method. Initial resistivity values of samples 1 and 2 (5-6 hours
after their production) made up (570 80) and (9100 1200) µOhm•
cm\, respectively. The resistivity of both film samples was found to decre
ase exponentially with increasing temperature. Negative temperature coeffi
cient of resistivity achieved –(450 22)•10-6 К-1 in the temperatu
re range 77 – 300 К.\nThe analysis of literature data on metal californ
ium structure allowed an observation of a tendency to form the preferred D
HCP structure with increasing sample mass. And\, on the contrary\, the sma
ller is the quantity of metal californium under examination\, the higher i
s the probability of interpretation of X-ray diffraction analysis results
based on FCC and HCP structures.\nThe performed study on the effect of hig
h specific activity on the crystal structure of plutonium isotope (238Pu)
thin layers showed an appearance of non-equilibrium (at room temperature)
phases. However\, many aspects of this observable phenomenon have not been
investigated yet experimentally and comprehended theoretically.\n\nhttps:
//indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/309/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/309/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioecological situation in areas of uranium legacy of Uzbekistan
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-310@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Abdisamat Vasidov (senior staff scientist)\n\nVasido
v A.\,Salikhbaev U.S.\, Kist A.A.\, Raduyk R.I.\n\nInstitute of Nuclear Ph
ysics\, Tashkent\, Uzbekistan \n\nCentral Asia Countries were the main sup
plier of the uranium in former USSR and one of them was the Republic of Uz
bekistan. As a mining activity and conversion of uranium ores had resulted
to formation large amounts of radioactive wastes\, that had have make an
exigency problem\, as provide a radiation safety on the territories of ura
nium mines\, tails and are close lying settlements. \n In this work\, t
he results of measurements of the radon concentrations on the territories
former uranium mines and nearby populated sites are presented.\n For ra
don measurements were used electronic units of RRA-01M (Russia) and PRM-14
5 (Sloveniya)\, acting on semiconductor detector and scintillation cells\,
respectively. Both units records alpha particles of daughter radionuclide
Po-218. For reliable estimation of the annual efficient doses (AED) of in
habitants and its lifetime fatal risks (LFR) a long time registration alph
a particles of radon by nuclear solid track detectors CR-39 (Italy) have b
een carried out. Dwellings and worker premises were selected on free basis
and radon exposure with CR-39 was two and three months at summer and wint
er time. \n In settlement Yangiabad\, volume activity of indoor radon w
ere - 60-100 Bk/m3\, values of AED of radon for inhabitants 1.7-2.8 mSv/ye
ar and LFR estimation at (1.3 – 2.3) x10-4.\n In village Chorkesar
in windless and matutinal period radon activity on territory of the mine r
eached 70-100 Bk/m3 on distance 50-70 cm from ground. Indoor radon level a
re range from 60 to 450 Bk/m3 and 1.7-12.6 mSv/year for AED\, (1.3– 1
0.5)x10-4 for LFR at summer and from 250 to 1200 Bk/m3 and 7.0-33.6 mSv/ye
ar for AED\, (5.6-27)x10-4 LFR at winter time.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/310/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/310/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption properties and behaviour of 137Cs and 90<
/sup>Sr on bentonite clays and magnox sludges
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-311@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Black Steve (UKAEA)\, Richard Hall (Sellafield Ltd)\
, Emma Young (Loughborough University)\, Kayleigh Alsop (Loughborough Univ
ersity)\, Sneh Jain (Loughborough University)\, Kirsty Farrow (Loughboroug
h University)\, Nicholas Evans (Loughborough University)\n\nWithin the nuc
lear industry\, waste management and disposal issues\, both within the pla
nts themselves and in the surrounding areas\, are complex and problematic.
This is partially a result of many decades of discharges within the stora
ge site. A major problem is in determining the nature and distribution of
contamination within the environment\, be this on site in surrounding host
rock\, or determining whether migration has occurred to such an extent th
at contamination has breached the boundaries of the site and reached the p
ublic domain\, or whether contamination has been released to atmosphere\,
for example. \nIt has been suggested that there may be significant quantit
ies of contaminated land arising from breaches in radionuclide storage. Th
erefore\, an understanding of the transportation of radionuclide waste in
the environment around storage ponds and silos on waste sites\, as well as
an understanding of the behaviour within the ponds\, is essential in futu
re waste remediation strategies.\nOne area of significant interest is the
migration of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides in contaminated clay soils\, as
migration has been shown to be significantly faster than expected in some
areas. Although exact figures are not known\, information provided by a UK
operator suggests that 137Cs and 90Sr are progressing through the surroun
ding area quicker than the expected annual rate of 6 cm/year\, for this ty
pe of material.\nSorption studies carried out using 137Cs and 85Sr have re
turned promising results. 85Sr was used in place of 90Sr as it is easier t
o work with\, yet still exhibits the same behaviour in terms of sorption.
Although some previous studies have looked at the sorption properties of t
hese two radionuclides within the two environments studied most have focus
sed on only one or two variables. In these studies conducted at Loughborou
gh University\, numerous variables including pH\, ionic strength and the e
ffect of competing ions being present in the system have been investigated
\, while all the time keeping the remaining contributing variables\, (all
of those not being specifically investigated\, plus contact time\, solid-t
o-liquid ratio etc) constant. This has provided data which will be extreme
ly valuable as any changes in behaviour can be directly associated with th
e altered variable and results can be directly compared with those previou
sly obtained. \nThe rheology of clays and clay minerals plays an important
role in the transport of these key radionuclides. A key area of the repos
itory LTP (Life Time Plan)\, for research and development is to be able to
link the transport in the materials studied to rheology and organic conte
nt. Specific clays of interest are bentonite and montmorillonite\, as well
as the mineral brucite. A final goal of being able to inhibit transport\,
either by chemical speciation or barrier systems is an aim of this projec
t.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/311/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/311/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The impact of polyethylene vials on reactor channel characterizati
on in k0-NAA
DTSTART:20100420T055000Z
DTEND:20100420T061000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-313@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Liesel Sneyers (SCK-CEN)\, Karel Strijckmans (Ghent
University)\, Peter Vermaercke (SCK-CEN)\, Fulvio Farina Arboccò (Ghent U
niversity\; SCK-CEN)\n\nReactor channel characterization is commonly perfo
rmed by irradiation of bare and cadmium-covered\n"fluence rate-monitors"\,
avoiding as much as possible the use of irradiation vials/capsules and sp
acers for positioning\nthe monitors inside the channel.\nHowever\, in rout
ine k0-Neutron Activation Analysis is generally necessary to pack the samp
les in polyethylene vials\nprior to irradiation.\nThis work aims at studyi
ng the impact of polyethylene vials on the f (thermal-to-epithermal flux r
atio)\nand alpha (epithermal flux distribution) parameters through the bar
e\, cadmium-covered and Cadmium-ratio methods.\nThe accuracy of each metho
d will be discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/
313/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/313/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Formation of ruthenium alloys with curium and technetium
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-314@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State Scientific Center -
Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nPresented are the results of p
roduction and x-ray examination of ruthenium compounds with curium and tec
hnetium.\nA curium -244 alloy microsample was produced by the high-tempera
ture condensation of curium vapor onto the ruthenium substrate and then an
alyzed by the x-ray diffractometric method. Two intermetallides were detec
ted in the sample: Ru2Cm with a hexagonal lattice of the Zn2Mg type with p
arameters a = 5.279(1) Å\, c = 8.812(3) Å\; Ru3Cm with a cubic lattice o
f the Cu3Au type and a = 4.151(2) Å. Data were obtained on the x-ray amor
phization of lattices of both intermetallides under intensive alpha-decay
of curium-244. \nThe study on the formation of ruthenium alloys with techn
etium is carried out as part of investigations of technetium transmutation
. This process can be implemented in the high-flux reactor SM-3 (Dimitrovg
rad\, Russia) at an acceptable rate. For the subsequent separation of ruth
enium from irradiated samples data are required on the phase relationship
in the technetium-ruthenium system under irradiation conditions. This pape
r describes the x-ray diffractometric examination of samples of starting m
etal technetium and also those irradiated in the reactor up to a 19\, 45 a
nd 70% ruthenium accumulation. The study demonstrates that as a result of
the ruthenium accumulation homogeneous solid ruthenium-technetium solutio
ns with a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure are formed. Crystal latti
ce parameters a and c regularly decrease with increasing ruthenium concent
ration. The existence of a sufficiently strong dependence between the crys
tal lattice parameters and amount of ruthenium accumulated under irradiati
on allows the definition of ruthenium content in the irradiated technetium
by using the x-ray diffractometric method.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
/event/1/contributions/314/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/314/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiographic examination of curium alloys with cobalt\, iron\, and
carbon
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-315@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Viacheslav Radchenko (JSC "State Scientific Center -
Research Institute of Atomic Reactors")\n\nOver many years JSC “SSC RIA
R” has been performing activities on the production and in-vestigation o
f metals of transplutonium elements (TPE)\, their alloys and compounds.\nT
his paper presents the results of production and radiographic examination
of micro-samples of curium-244 compounds with ion\, cobalt and carbon\, na
mely an identification of crystal lattices of the compounds obtained and c
alculation of crystal lattice parameters\, study on the effect of inten-si
ve alpha-decay on crystal structures of intermetallides and carbides.\nSam
ples of the Cm-Co\, Cm-Fe and Cm-C systems were prepared by high temperatu
re con-densation of metal curium vapor onto corresponding substrates. In
the Cm-C sample such a “sub-strate” represents a thin amorphous carbon
layer applied preliminary onto a flat iridium plate. The radiographic exa
mination results of the produced compounds are presented in the table belo
w.\n Table\nCrystal latt
ice parameters of phases detected during investigation of the Cm-Fe\, Cm-C
o and Cm-C systems.\nSystem Phase Lattice Lattice parameters\n
a\, Å c\, Å V\, Å3\nCm-Co Сo17Cm2 Hexagonal (P63/
mcm) 8\,378(7) 8\,070(5) 491(1)\n Co5Cm Hexagonal (P6/mmm)
4\,88(1) 4\,08(4) 84(1)\n Co2Cm Cubic (Fd3m) 7\,242(2)
- -\nCm-Fe Fe17Cm2 Hexagonal (P63/mmc) 8\,406(3) 8\,122(2
) 497\,0(5)\n Fe2Cm Cubic (Fd3m) 7\,213(2) - -\nCm-C
Cm2C3 Cubic ( )\n8\,3904(5) - -\n Cm3C FCC 5\,172(2)
- -\n\nNote. In the column “Lattice” a lattice spatial group is ind
icated in brackets. V – is volume of a crystal lattice elementary cell.
Definition errors of the last character are given in brackets after the la
ttice parameter values. \n\nIn the Cm-Co system three intermetallic compou
nds were detected: Co17Cm2 (hexagonal lat-tice of spatial group P63/mcm)\,
Co5Cm (hexagonal lattice of spatial group P6/mmm) and intermetal-lide Co
2Cm (cubic lattice of spatial group Fd3m). Cadmium did not show any solubi
lity in - and -Со at room and elevated temperature.\nIn the Cm-Fe
system two intermetallic compounds were detected: Fe17Cm2 (hexagonal lat-t
ice of spatial group P63/mcm ) and Fe2Cm (cubic lattice of spatial group F
d3m). This system did not show mutual solubility of its components at room
temperature. The effect of high alpha-activity of 244Cm nuclide on the cr
ystal structure of intermetallide Fe2Cm was demonstrated.\nIn the Cm-C sys
tem carbides Cm2C3 and Cm3С with a cubic lattice were detected\, which we
re isostructural with regard to carbides Am2C3 and Sm3С. Crystal lattice
parameters of the cu-rium carbides were calculated and data on their x-ra
y amorphization induced by intensive 244Cm decay were obtained.\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/315/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/315/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The liquid-liquid extraction of minor actinides with CyMe4-BTBP in selected diluents
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-316@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Petr Distler (CTU in Prague)\n\nThe CyMe4-BTBP (6\,6
’-bis(5\,5\,8\,8-tetramethyl-5\,6\,7\,8-tetrahydro-1\,2\,4-benzotriazine
-3-yl)-2\,2’-bipyridine) has been demonstrated to be a prospective extra
ctant for the liquid-liquid extraction of minor actinides. For industrial
applications\, its solubility in 1-octanol is low and the kinetics of extr
action in this diluent is slow. Better performance has been demonstrated i
n cyclohexanone\, however\, the partial miscibility of this solvent with w
ater makes its industrial use problematic. Therefore\, the main purpose of
this study was to find the most suitable diluent for the CyMe4-BTBP. The
separation of americium(III) from europium(III) was studied. This is in pa
rticular reference to the separation of minor actinides from the high-leve
l liquid waste issuing from the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. \nThe
results obtained using the diluents tested were compared with the data for
cyclohexanone or 1-octanol as reference diluents. The principal diluents
tested were alkylcyclohexanones. The parameters studied included the depen
dence of distribution ratios of americium(III) on the position of the alky
l group on the cyclohexanone ring\, on the length of the alkyl substituent
and on the number of alkyl groups in the ring. Extraction by the neat dil
uents (without CyMe4-BTBP extractant) was also studied as well as the depe
ndence of the distribution ratio on the concentration of nitric acid. \nIt
has been shown that the alkylated cyclohexanones are promising diluents f
or the partitioning of minor actinides from lanthanides by CyMe4-BTBP. In
particular\, 3-methylcyclohexanone was found to have the optimum propertie
s compared with the other cyclohexanones.\n\nThis work was supported by th
e grant MSM 6840770020\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/316/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/316/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparation of samples for &alpha\;-spectrometry by direct evapora
tion of extracted species
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-317@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kamila Šťastná (CTU in Prague\, FNSPE\, centrum p
ro radiochemii a radiační chemii\;FJFI katedra jade)\n\nBecause of the e
nergy loss of alpha particles by self-absorption\, alpha spectrometry requ
ires thin\, uniform\, and nearly weightless samples. Several methods exist
for sample preparation e.g.\, electrodeposition\, or co-precipitation. Un
fortunately\, the methods yielding the best energy resolution are not alwa
ys quantitative and are usually relatively demanding and time-consuming. T
his fact makes application of alpha-spectrometry for screening tests with
radiotracers complicated. \nFor its simplicity and fastness\, the possibil
ity to prepare samples for alpha spectrometry by direct evaporation was in
vestigated in order to evaluate the efficiency of Am/Cm separation. The si
mple aliqouts of aqueous or organic phase\, aliquots in the presence of an
excess of volatile organic solvent (acetone) or mixed with tensioactive (
tetraethylene glycol) were deposited on stainless steel planchets\, evapor
ated under infrared lamp and heated in flame until glowed with dull red co
lour. The influence of sample preparation technique on counting efficiency
and energy resolution has been investigated. The results show there is no
t one versatile technique\, but the preparation should consider the partic
ular composition of samples to be measured.\n\nThis research has been supp
orted by the Ministry of Education\, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republi
c under contract No. MSM 6840770020.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/
1/contributions/317/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/317/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The influence of the side groups of the BTP and BTBP type ligands
on liquid-liquid extraction of actinides and lanthanides
DTSTART:20100422T080000Z
DTEND:20100422T081500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-318@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Gunnar Skarnemark (Chalmers University of Technology
)\, Anna Fermvik (Chalmers University of Technology)\, Christian Ekberg (C
halmers University of Technology)\, Teodora Retegan (Chalmers University o
f Technology)\n\nFossil fuels are no longer a choice for energy production
\, both because of their diminishing availability and the bi-products of t
heir combustion processes. A possibility to replace the fossil fuels would
be utilization of nuclear power. No green-house gases are produced\, but
as any industry\, it generates wastes.\nA proper plan for reusing valuable
nuclides\, both by preparing another kind of fuel or by transmutation\, w
hich\, besides transforming the long-lived nuclides into short-lived ones\
, generates energy\, seem to be P&T (partitioning and transmutation).\nThe
partitioning is the process of separation nuclides from the rest of the w
aste and involves a separation process which utilize an organic solvent co
ntaining one or several molecules and a diluent for extraction purposes.\n
Among the last extractant families developed in Europe\, the 2\,6-di(5\,6-
diethyl-1\,2\,4 triazin-3 yl)pyridine (BTP) and 6\,6’-bis(5\,5\,8\,8-te
tramethyl-5\,6\,7\,8-tetrahydro-benzo[1\,2\,4]triazin-3-yl)-[2\,2’]bipyr
idine (BTBP) were/are the most promising molecules for an eventual industr
ial application. \nThe present work focuses on several aspects insufficien
tly studied before and concerning the influence of the side groups attache
d to the "core" of the moelcule\, for both BTPs and BTBPs.\nThe importance
of the diluents regarding both the extraction capabilities of the formed
system and the role of the diluents in protecting the molecule against rad
iolysis without adding a scavenging molecule will be very briefly discusse
d. However this part will not be further developed here.\nThe importance o
f the side groups added to the molecule first to facilitate dissolution\,
easing the phase transfer and thus enhancing the extraction capabilities a
nd the role the side groups\, in protecting the molecule against the radio
lysis will be discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributi
ons/318/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/318/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption and diffusion changes of 134Cs\, 99
Tc and 129I radionuclides on bentonites at various conditions
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-319@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Hana Vinšová (Institute of Chemical Technology)\,
Věra Jedináková-Křížová (Institute of Chemical Technology)\, Kateř
ina Videnská (Institute of Chemical Technology)\n\nRadionuclides of 99Tc
and 129I belong among the fission products of spent nuclear fuel and are t
he largest contributions with long-term nuclear waste. The high proportion
of risk from these radionuclides is due to their large inventories in man
y types of waste\, long half-lives\, and the perception that they are high
ly mobile in the environment and therefore play potentially large role in
long-term dose assessment. Computer-modeling methods were used to calculat
e equilibrium thermodynamic principles\, the distributions of predominant
aqueous species\, and potential solubility controls for the environmentall
y important oxidation states of each of the contaminants of concern. The E
h-pH diagrams of individual chemical species of the tested radionuclides w
ere calculated by the geochemical software tool Geochemist’s Workbench.
The data obtained from the model calculations corresponded with experiment
al results. The chemical stability of the bentonite was studied on a serie
s of long-term pressure and temperature loaded bentonite samples that were
selected with the aim of constructing a behavior profile of the bentonite
buffer material in the experimental container. The chemical stability of
the loaded bentonite samples was evaluated on the basis of their ion excha
nge capacity\, the migration behavior of selected radionuclides and a dete
rmination of the leachable components of bentonite into redistilled water.
The results obtained in this study were compared with the values for the
unloaded bentonite material. It was found that long-term pressure and temp
erature gradients do not have a significant influence on the changes in io
n exchange capacity of the bentonite material. These results make a major
contribution towards determining the migration of radionuclides on bentoni
te\, especially cationic forms of radionuclides. Electromigration methods
and thin layer chromatography with radiometric detection were used for the
identification of technetium and iodine chemical forms in the studied sol
id-liquid systems. Migration studies of the radionuclides 134Cs in the for
m of the Cs+ cation and 99Tc in the form of the pertechnetate anion were d
escribed on the basis of two dominant processes that both include sorption
and diffusion. Dominant chemical forms of technetium under these redox co
nditions is insoluble TcO2.nH2O\, which is formed by the reduction of pert
echnetate anion to the oxidation state Tc(IV). The determined values of di
stribution and diffusion coefficients of the loaded bentonite samples cor
responded with the values of the unloaded bentonite material. Ion exchange
at the surface sites of bentonite corresponded with the control mechanism
of Cs+ cation sorption on bentonite in that both were simultaneously infl
uenced by competitive cations present in the aqueous phase(Na+\, K+\, Ca2+
\, Mg2+). To retard the migration of selected radionuclides (99TcO4-\, 125
I-) released from spent nuclear fuel after the failure of a container\, th
e reducing effects on the concentration of these radionuclides by containe
r corrosion products and of some additives on the bases of Fe compounds in
various oxidation states were examined in aqueous media in contact with b
entonite.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/319/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/319/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Bentonite stability and migration behavior of some critical radion
uclides
DTSTART:20100422T084500Z
DTEND:20100422T090000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-320@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Eduard Hanslík (T.G.Masaryk Water Research Institut
e)\, Hana Vinšová (Institute of Chemical Technology)\, Věra Jedinákov
á-Křížová (Institute of Chemical Technology)\n\nThe contribution is f
ocused on geotechnical\, chemical\, geochemical and mineralogical research
of bentonite stability with the aim to determine the effect of saturation
medium composition and loading by heat on bentonite stability. The main p
art the research is directed to the experimental results of bentonite and
bentonite leachate samples obtained for the bentonite interaction under la
boratory or in situ experiments.\nThe markedly different values of Na+\, K
+\, Ca2+\, Mg2+ and SO42- ion concentrations are caused by the mineralogic
al transformation and interaction of the original bentonite material with
synthetic granitic water. \nBentonite is included in buffer and backfill m
aterials in most high-level waste repository concepts. Its low hydraulic c
onductivity\, micro-porous structure\, good sorption properties and plasti
city make this material an effective barrier – protecting the canister a
nd restricting the movement of radionuclides released from the waste packa
ges after canister failure. \nThe effect of the variable aqueous phase com
position on bentonite stability using Ca-Mg and Na-Ca bentonites for the e
xperiments was studied. The synthetic granitic waters with the higher conc
entration of the K+ and Mg2+ cations were applied for the study of bentoni
te stability. These investigation were carried out for the 12 months under
the laboratory and temperature increase conditions (95 - 100°C). The min
eralogical transformation and characterization of the solid phase by RTG d
iffraction\, infrared spectroscopy and cation exchange capacity measuremen
t were evaluated after the termination of these experiments. These mixture
s were simultaneously applied for the sorption study of the selected radio
nuclides (134Cs\, 125I and 99TcO4-) with the aim to evaluate the changes o
f sorption behaviour as the result of bentonite with synthetic granitic wa
ter interaction. \nThe geochemical software tool Geochemist’s Workbench
calculated the simple thermodynamic model of bentonite transformation duri
ng bentonite with synthetic waters interaction. It was confirmed that smec
tites are transformed to more stable silicates phases\, such as illite/sme
ctite mixed layers\, illite. The kinetics of the smectite to illite reacti
ons strongly depends on temperature\, time and K+ porewater concentrations
.\nRadionuclides of 99Tc and 129I may exist in the various oxidation state
s in the dependence of the redox conditions of the aqueous environment. Te
chnetium exists in oxidation states from +7 to -1. In natural environments
\, the most stable oxidation states of technetium are +7 and +4 under oxid
izing and reducing conditions\, respectively. The -1\, +5\, and molecular
I2 [I20(aq)] oxidation states are those most relevant for iodine in enviro
nmental systems. Iodine usually exists in fresh water in the -1 oxidation
state as iodide (I-)\, in alkaline and marine environments\, iodine usuall
y exists in the +5 oxidation state as iodate (IO3-).\n\nhttps://indico.fjf
i.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/320/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/320/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A combined nuclear technology and nuclear chemistry master - A uni
que initiative at Chalmers University of Technology\, Sweden
DTSTART:20100423T051500Z
DTEND:20100423T053000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-321@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Anders Nordlund (Chalmers Technical University)\, St
efan Allard (Chalmers Technical University)\, Gunnar Skarnemark (Chalmers
University of Technology)\, Christian Ekberg (Chalmers Technical Universit
y)\, Teodora Retegan (Chalmers University of Technology)\n\nThe need for e
ngineers and scientists who can ensure safe and secure use of nuclear ener
gy is large in Sweden and internationally. Chalmers University of Technolo
gy has therefore launched a new 2-year master´s program in Nuclear Engine
ering\, with start from the autumn of 2009. Since the program is open to
both Swedish and foreign students and the teaching language is English\, t
he first year enrolment showed an unexpected interest.\nThe program starts
with compulsory courses dealing with the basics of nuclear chemistry and
physics\, radiation protection\, nuclear power and reactors\, nuclear fuel
supply\, nuclear waste management and nuclear safety and security. There
are also compulsory courses in nuclear industry applications and sustainab
le energy futures. The subsequent elective courses can be chosen freely bu
t there is also a possibility to choose informal tracks that concentrate o
n nuclear chemistry or reactor technology and physics. The nuclear chemist
ry track comprises courses in e.g. chemistry of lanthanides\, actinides an
d transactinides\, solvent extraction\, radioecology and radioanalytical c
hemistry and radiopharmaceuticals. The program is finished with a one seme
ster thesis project. The projects can be performed both in the University
’s headquarters (Nuclear Chemistry Department or Nuclear Technology) on
own research themes or in cooperation with different nuclear facilities on
themes of interest. The advanced combined courses in both nuclear chemist
ry and nuclear technology make this master program quite unique on interna
tional level so far.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/
321/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/321/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The estimation of radon activity in multistoreyed buildings of ind
ustrial iron-ore region
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-322@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Lyudmila Ishchenko(Krivoshey) (Ukrainian Research In
stitute of Industrial Medicine\, Krivoy Rog\, Ukraine)\n\nN. Karnaukh\, L.
Ishchenko\nSome regions of Ukraine are Radon dangerous. Geologic peculiar
ities of Krivbass region\, available mining tunnels\, historic habits in h
ousing construction\, decreased morbidity on malignant tumor of population
specify the actuality of “Radon” problem studying in iron-ore region
which should be consider at estimation of radiation exposure to population
. \nBy our own researchings it is determined that as a rule Radon is accu
mulated in basement and on the ground floor of buildings. Though signific
antly high doses of Radon EEVA were registered in the upper stores of fiv
e-storied dwelling houses of 1968-1970 years of construction. \nThus level
of Radon-222 EEVA in five-storied dwellings was registered as follows:
on the ground floor it was 33 - 113 Bq•m-3 \, on the first floor – 21
-63 Bq•m-3 \, on the second floor – 43-69 Bq•m-3 \, on the third
– 22-85 Bq•m-3 \, on the fourth floor – 67-93 Bq•m-3 . \nDuring
measuring the daily variation of Radon content in the air of the dwellings
it was determined that Radon volume activity depended directly on ventila
tion regime in the dwelling. Thus the Radon level was measured in two th
e apartments of the fourth floor with two different ventilation regimes
– with regular opening of the window and without this procedure. \nIn t
he first case the family was of three adult persons\, engaged in job. Rad
on level was measured in the kitchen with regular ventilation using window
. This level was 67 Bq•m3. Effective dose of Radon exposure was 2\,
9 mSv•year-1 . Radon level was measured in the room with vacuum ventil
ation provided by the house design. This level was 93 Bq•m-3 . \n
In the second case the residents of the apartment were three adult person
s\, engaged in job. Radon level was measured in the room with vacuum vent
ilation provided by the house design. This level was 93 Bq•m-3 . Ef
fective dose of Radon exposure was 4\,0 mSv•year-1 .\nIn both cases exp
osure doses were significant in spite of additional ventilation. \nRadon
entering the upper stores is caused by lack of ventilation. The rate of ai
r near ventilation holes was \n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/322/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/322/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiation stability and extraction properties of thiacalixarenes
DTSTART:20100422T053000Z
DTEND:20100422T054500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-323@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Irena Špendlíková (KJCH FJFI CVUT)\n\nThis study
deals with the effects of irradiation on the stability and extraction prop
erties of thiacalixarenes 1\, the prospective liquid-liquid extractants fo
r the extraction of actinides and lanthanides from aqueous solutions. Thia
calixarenes dissolved in various organic diluents were irradiated with 60C
o γ rays or accelerated electrons with energy of 4.5 MeV. The absorbed do
ses ranged from 0 to 100 kGy. Possible effect of the presence of aqueous p
hase during irradiation was also investigated.\nThe extraction properties
were studied in synergistic systems. The aqueous phase consisted of a solu
tion of cosane (chloro-protected bis(1\,2-dicarbollide) cobaltic acid) in
0.1 mol/L nitric acid\; solutions of thiacalixarenes in nitrobenzen or 1\,
2-dichlorethane were used as the organic phase. Distribution ratios D for
152Eu and 241Am and their mutual separation factors were evaluated. The co
ncentration of thiacalixarene in the irradiated samples was measured using
HPLC and the activity of aqueous and organic phase was measured by γ spe
ctrometer with HPGe detector.\nThe results confirmed previously published
data 2 which showed a strong synergistic effect in the systems containing
thiacalixarenes and cosanes. This effect depends on substituents at the lo
wer and/or upper rim. It was demonstrated that the synergic effect is inde
pendent of the used type of cosane (chloro-\, resp. bromo-protected bis(1\
,2-dicarbollide) cobaltic acid or bis(1\,2-dicarbollide) cobaltic acid) an
d it strongly depends on the diluent used in the organic phase. The studie
d systems proved not to be very stable towards the radiation. After irradi
ation with the dose of 20 kGy\, the distribution ratios dropped to one hal
f for thicalixarene solutions in nitrobenzene\; they dropped even to one t
enth for dichlorethane solutions at the same dose.\n \nThis work was pe
rformed under the auspices of Czech Science Foundation grant GACR 104-07-1
242 and Ministry of Education\, Youth and Sports grant MSM 6840770020.\n\n
REFERENCES\n1. Lhoták P.: Eur. J. Org. Chem. 8\, 1675 (2004).\n2. Kyrš M
.: J. Radioanal. Nucl.Chem\, 245\, 455 (2002).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut
.cz/event/1/contributions/323/
LOCATION:Red (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/323/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:A TRLFS study of europium speciation with glycolic acid
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-325@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jan Krmela (KJCH FJFI CVUT)\n\nEuropium is often use
d as a model of the fission products from the lanthanides and minor actini
des group. Glycolic acid is used in modern decontamination solutions and h
as been also proposed as a complexing agent in the reprocessing of spent n
uclear fuel.\nThe aim of this study was to carry out a more detailed study
of europium complexation with glycolic acid using Time-Resolved Laser-Ind
uced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TRLFS)\, including determination of the st
ability constants of europium complexes with glycolic acid\, and to compar
e the results with published data 1. Furthermore\, this work should also c
larify the impact of sample preparation in air and under N2 atmosphere\, i
.e. the role of hydroxo- and carbonato- complexes at pH > 7. \nBecause Eu
complexes with glycolic acid show good fluorescent properties\, the TRLFS
method was chosen for their study. The studied parameters included the inf
luence of the concentration of CO32- on the formation of europium carbonat
o- complexes\, effect of pH on the formation of hydroxo- complexes of euro
pium (solutions prepared under N2 atmosphere)\, and europium complexation
in solutions with glycolic acid (comparison of the samples prepared on air
and under N2 atmosphere). The fluorescence spectra of individual samples
and the time of fluorescence of prepared complexes were recorded. The resu
lts obtained were compared with those published by Stumpf et al. 1. Based
on the comparison of the results obtained for samples prepared on air and
under N2 atmosphere\, it can be concluded that the transfer of atmospheric
CO2 is negligible even at relatively high pH value and that the influence
of carbonate complexes in europium-glycolic acid systems is negligible. T
he TRLFS method was further supplemented with the extraction method\, whic
h can be also used for determining the stability constants of complexes of
europium with glycolic acid. In the following step\, stability constants
of prepared complexes will be obtained from measured data using factor ana
lysis. \n\nThis work was supported by grant MSM 6840770020.\n\nReference:\
n1. Stumpf T.\, Franghänel T.\, Grenthe I.: J. Chem. Soc.\, Dalton Trans.
2002\, 3799.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/325/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/325/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Metal detection in solution by new mass-spectrometrical method
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-327@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: A.N. Bazhenov (Institute of Ananlytical Instrumentat
ion RAS)\, Nikolay Gall (Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute)\, Lidia Gall (
Institute of Ananlytical Instrumentation RAS)\, Vasiliy Babain (Khlopin Ra
dium Institute)\n\nNew method - extraction ions from solution at apmospher
ic pressure - analog of well-known ESI-MS method was proposed for analysis
of metals in radioactibve solutions. Advantages of this metod to compare
with known methods - ( ICP-MS\, ICP OES\, ESI-MS etc.) - small volume of
sample\, high sensitivity\, possibility of automatization.\n\nhttps://indi
co.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/327/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/327/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Uranium and long-lived decay products in water of the Mulde river
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-329@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Rolf Michel (Leibniz University Hanover\; Center for
Radiation Protection and Radioecology)\, Beate Riebe (Leibniz University
Hanover\; Center for Radiation Protection and Radioecology)\, Torben Lüll
au (Leibniz University Hanover\; Center for Radiation Protection and Radio
ecology)\, Jonny Birkhan (Leibniz University Hanover\; Center for Radiatio
n Protection and Radioecology)\, Maruta Bunka (Leibniz University Hanover\
; Center for Radiation Protection and Radioecology)\, Florian Koenn (Fachh
ochschule Aachen\, Campus Jülich\, Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie)
\, Stefan Bister (Leibniz University Hanover\; Center for Radiation Protec
tion and Radioecology)\n\nThe Mulde River\, a tributary of the Elbe River
in east-central Germany\, is formed by the confluence of the Freiberger Mu
lde and the Zwickauer Mulde\, both rising from the Erzgebirge. Running nor
th\, the two rivers merge near the small village of Sermuth to form the Ve
reinigte Mulde\, which flows into the Elbe River near Dessau. The Erzgebir
ge or Ore Mountains are a mountain range\, which is located at the border
between Saxony / Germany and the Czech Republic. Due to its rich uranium d
eposits the area of the Zwickauer Mulde River became the world’s third l
argest uranium supplier during the time of the Warsaw Pact. Today\, clean-
up of the legacy of the former mining and milling industry represents one
of the largest remediation projects in progress.\n\nBeing part of the proj
ect ‘Transport and availability of uranium and decay products in alluvia
l soils of the Mulde River’\, this work deals with the investigation of
radionuclides in the water of the Mulde River. The radionuclide contents o
f water and sediment indicate the overall condition of a river\, with the
water showing a faster response to variations. 20 samples were collected a
long the course of the rivers Zwickauer Mulde and Vereinigte Mulde between
the city of Aue in the Erzgebirge and the Saxon border. For comparison\,
further samples were taken at the headwaters of the Zwickauer Mulde\, alon
g the Freiberger Mulde and the Leine River (Hannover)\, respectively. A to
tal of 26 samples of water were taken and analysed for uranium\, polonium-
210\, and radium-226 content using alpha-spectroscopy\, liquid scintillati
on counting\, and mass spectroscopy\, respectively. The work focuses on pr
esent contaminations deriving from tributary streams or river sediments an
d the detection of changes as a result of remediation effects. Own results
are compared with results from earlier investigations\, carried out from
1991 to 1993.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/329/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/329/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Sorption behaviour and speciation of neptunium(V) on Opalinus clay
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-331@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tobias Reich (Institute of Nuclear Chemistry\, Johan
nes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\, Jakob Drebert (Institute of Nuclear Ch
emistry\, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\, Daniel Fröhlich (Insti
tute of Nuclear Chemistry\, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)\, Samer
Amayri (Institute of Nuclear Chemistry\, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz)\n\nThe sorption of Np on clay such as Opalinus clay (OPA) is one of
many important processes that affect the migration and retardation of Np
in the geosphere. Clay formations are under consideration in several Europ
ean countries as a potential host rock for high-level radioactive waste re
positories [1]. We studied the sorption of Np(V) onto OPA (from Mont Terri
\, Switzerland) both by batch experiments and X-ray Absorption Spectroscop
y (XAS). The aim of this study was to obtain a mechanistic understanding o
f the interaction of Np(V) with the OPA surface. The obtained information
are necessary for the safety assessment and detailed planning of nuclear r
epositories.\nThe batch experiments were done under aerobic and anaerobic
conditions. The sorption of Np(V) on OPA was studied as a function of many
chemical parameters such as pH (6-10)\, background electrolyte (synth. OP
A pore water\, saturated calcite solution\, and 0.1 M NaClO4)\, partial pr
essure of CO2\, and presence/absence of humic acid (HA). The sorption curv
es for 8·10-6 mol/L Np(V) in saturated calcite solution obtained under ae
robic and anaerobic conditions\, respectively\, show that the adsorption e
dge occurs between pH 7-8. Maximum sorption was observed at pH 8.5 with 65
% sorption under aerobic conditions and 80% under anaerobic conditions\, r
espectively. Under anaerobic conditions the reduction of Np(V) to Np(IV) b
y Fe(II) minerals of OPA causes a stronger sorption. At pH > 9 Np sorption
decreased due to the complexation of Np with carbonate in aqueous solutio
n [2]. Molecular-level information was obtained by X-ray Absorption Fine S
tructure (EXAFS). EXAFS spectra were measured in fluorescence mode at the
Rossendorf Beamline ROBL at ESRF. Several samples at pH 7.6 and 8.5 with a
total Np(V) concentration of ~ 8·10-6 mol/L were prepared under aerobic
and anaerobic conditions. The amount of Np sorbed in the EXAFS samples was
in the range of 50-121 ppm. Np L3-edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectra
(XANES) showed that in all aerobic samples the pentavalent oxidation stat
e of Np was dominated. The Np L3-edge EXAFS spectra of the anaerobic sampl
es prepared in different background electrolytes showed the same EXAFS pat
tern\, indicating that Np(V)-carbonato complexes are formed at OPA surface
. More details as well as additional results will be presented and discuss
ed. \n\nThe authors acknowledge the ESRF for provision of synchrotron beam
time and thank the ROBL team for assistance during EXAFS measurements. Th
is work was financially supported by the BMWi under contract No. 02E10166.
D.R. Fröhlich has been supported by a fellowship of DFG-GRK 826.\n\n[1]
NAGRA: Projekt Opalinuston - Synthese der geowissenschaftlichen Untersuchu
ngsergebnisse\, Entsorgungsnachweis für abgebrannte Brennelemente\, vergl
aste hochaktive sowie langlebige mittelaktive Abfälle. Technical Report N
TB 02-03\, NAGRA\, Wettingen/Schweiz\, 2002.\n\n[2] V. Neck\, W. Runde\, J
. I. Kim\, B. Kanellakopulos\, Solid-liquid equlibrium reactions of neptun
ium(V) in carbonate solution at different ionic strength. Radiochim. Acta.
65\, 29-37 (1994).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/3
31/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/331/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrochemical behaviour of selected actinides and lanthanides in
molten fluoride salts FLiNaK and FLiBe
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-333@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Michal Korenko (Nuclear Research Institute Řež\, p
lc)\, Martin Straka (Nuclear Research Institute Řež\, plc)\n\nThe presen
ted work is focused on research of basic electrochemical properties of sev
eral actinides and lanthanides representing the fissile material and fissi
on products in suitable molten fluoride melt. The general framework of thi
s work is to study the electrochemical behaviour of systems relevant for p
ossible future use in the Generation IV reactor concepts. \n\nResults of c
yclic voltammetry\, chronopotentiometric and electrolytic experiments with
uranium and several lanthanides in the LiF-NaF-KF (acronym FLINAK) are pr
esented. Mechanisms of electrochemical reduction were investigated. Record
ed reduction steps were investigated and described in terms of reversibili
ty\, number of exchanged electrons\, diffusion coefficients etc. For the l
anthanides\, it seems impossible to reach solid deposit of studied lanthan
ide on the electrode. For uranium\, deposition depending on electrode mate
rial and shape was studied with special attention given to its deposition
on reactive (Ni) working electrode.\n\nBeryllium based molten salts 7LiF-B
eF2-ZrF4 and 7LiF-BeF2 were used as a carrier melts during Molten Salt Rea
ctor Experiment and Molten Salt Breeder Reactor projects [1] and are consi
dered as a key systems also for the future use. In the LiF-BeF2 melt (acro
nym FLIBE)\, the work was focused on research of uranium behaviour in the
melt and the influence of its composition between two eutectic points of F
LIBE (eutectic compositions of FLIBE melt are defined by molar ratio of Be
F2 x=0.328 and x=0.531).\n\nAlso the general consequences of obtained data
for the development of separation process are concluded.\n\n[1] C. F. Bae
s\, Journal of Nuclear Materials 51:149 (1974).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvu
t.cz/event/1/contributions/333/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/333/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Speciation and surface complexation modelling of Np(V) sorption on
montmorillonite
DTSTART:20100420T100000Z
DTEND:20100420T103000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-334@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Andreas C. Scheinost (Forschungszentrum Dresden-Ross
endorf\, Institute of Radiochemistry)\, Michael H. Bradbury (Paul Scherrer
Institut\, Laboratory for Waste Management)\, Rainer Dähn (Paul Scherrer
Institut\, Laboratory for Waste Management)\, Bart Baeyens (Paul Scherrer
Institut\, Laboratory for Waste Management)\, Sonja Wendt (Johannes Guten
berg-Universität Mainz\, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry)\, Samer Amayri (
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry)\,
Tobias Reich (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz\, Institute of Nuclear
Chemistry)\n\nThe sorption of Np(V) on Na-montmorillonite (STx-1) has bee
n studied by batch experiments\, spectroscopic measurements\, and surface
complexation modelling with the aim to contribute toward a better understa
nding of the sorption of 237Np (t1/2 = 2.1 × 106 a) in the near field (be
ntonite backfill material) and far field (argillaceous rocks) of high-leve
l nuclear waste repositories. Batch experiments were performed in the abse
nce of inorganic carbon and under air-equilibrated conditions with 0.1 and
0.01 M NaClO4 as background electrolyte\, 8 × 10-12 and 9 × 10-6 M Np(V
)\, and 3 ≤ pH ≤ 10. At pH > 8 the presence of inorganic carbon has a
strong influence on the sorption behavior of Np(V) due to the formation of
aqueous Np(V) complexes with carbonate.\n\nNeptunium LIII-edge extended X
-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements on Np(V)/montmorilloni
te samples with Np(V) loadings in the range of 0.3-3.5 µmol/g have been p
erformed to determine the speciation of Np at the solid-liquid interface.
The EXAFS spectra of samples prepared under ambient air conditions (pCO2 =
10-3.5 atm) revealed the formation of Np(V)-carbonate complexes at the mo
ntmorillonite surface.\n\nThe results of the batch experiments obtained un
der CO2-free conditions could be modeled using the two site protolysis non
-electrostatic surface complexation and cation exchange (2SPNE SC/CE) mode
l described in [1]. For modeling the sorption behavior of Np(V) on montmor
illonite in the air-equilibrated system\, the aqueous complexation of Np(V
) with carbonate [2] was included and the following additional surface com
plexation reaction was required: ≡SOH + NpO2+ + CO32- ⇔ ≡SONpO2CO32-
+ H+.\n\n[1] M.H. Bradbury and B. Baeyens\, Modelling the sorption of Mn(
II)\, Co(II)\, Ni(II)\, Zn(II)\, Cd(II)\, Eu(III)\, Am(III)\, Sn(IV)\, Th(
IV)\, Np(V) and U(VI) on montmorillonite: Linear free energy relationships
and estimates of surface binding constants for some selected heavy metals
and actinides\, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 69\, 875-892\, 2005.\n[2] Chemic
al Thermodynamics of Neptunium and Plutonium\, (Eds. J. Fuger et al.) Else
vier\, Amsterdam 2001.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribution
s/334/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/334/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Novel U(VI) Schiff base complexes: synthesis\, structural characte
rization\, and extraction studies
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-335@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Karsten Gloe (Department of Chemistry and Food Chemi
stry\, TU Dresden\, 01062 Dresden\, Germany)\, Gert Bernhard (Institute of
Radiochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\, 01314 Dresden)\,
Gerhard Geipel (Institute of Radiochemistry\, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Ro
ssendorf\, 01314 Dresden)\, Satoru Tsushima (Institute of Radiochemistry\,
Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf\, 01314 Dresden)\, Kerstin Gloe (Dep
artment of Chemistry and Food Chemistry\, TU Dresden\, 01062 Dresden\, Ger
many)\, Thomas Doert (Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry\, TU Dres
den\, 01062 Dresden\, Germany)\, Harold Brice Tanh Jeazet (FZD Dresden Ros
sendorf (Institute of Radiochemistry))\n\nThe coordination chemistry of ur
anium in different oxidation states has recently generated much attention
due to several reasons. The most important reason is the separation of U(V
I) present in radioactive waste\, but also the effects of U(VI) on our env
ironment are of great interest.[1] The extraction and separation of U(VI)
and other actinides\, especially the separation from lanthanides\, is most
difficult due to their similar chemical behavior.[2] However\, the introd
uction of soft heteroatoms\, as imine nitrogen\, in the ligand systems cou
ld be used as a tool for more selective and effective binding and extracti
on. We have synthesized and characterized some novel U(VI) complexes using
multidentate Schiff base ligands. Structures of these complexes were char
acterized by X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. It is the intenti
on of this work to determine not only the structure of these complexes but
also the extraction ability of the ligands towards U(VI) and Eu(III). \n
\n\n\nReferences\n[1] a) A.E.V. Gorden et al. (2003) Chem. Rev. 103\, 4207
-4282\; b) J.D. Van Horn\, H. \n Huang (2006) Coord. Chem. Rev. 250\,
765-775\; c) A.E.V. Gorden et al. (2008) \n Dalton Trans. 2966-2973\;
d) A.E.V. Gorden et al. (2007) Inorg. Chem. 46\, 8309-8315\; \n e) M.
Ephritikhine (2006) Dalton Trans. 2501-2516.\n[2] Nash K. L. (1993) Solven
t Extr. Ion Exch. 11\, 729-768.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/con
tributions/335/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/335/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Long term diffusion experiment (LTD) in Grimsel URL: Comparison of
modeling and in-situ results
DTSTART:20100423T032000Z
DTEND:20100423T034000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-336@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jost Eikenberg (Paul Scherrer Institute Switzerland)
\, Andrew Martin (NAGRA Switzerland)\, Jiří Landa (Nuclear Research Inst
itute Řež plc)\, Václava Havlová (Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc
.)\n\nPhase 1 (2005 – 2008) of the long term diffusion experiment (LTD)
project has taken place in the Grimsel underground research laboratory (GT
S\, Switzerland) in a joint effort between NAGRA (Switzerland)\, Universit
y of Bern (Switzerland)\, NRI Rez (Czech Republic)\, HYRL (Finland)\, JAEA
(Japan) and AIST (Japan). The project aim was to study matrix diffusion o
f radionuclides relevant to performance assessments of deep geological rep
ositories (DGR) of nuclear waste\, and confirm the role of matrix diffusio
n for radionuclide retardation within the repository. \nWork Package 1 of
Phase 1 focused on the study of radionuclide diffusion from a single boreh
ole into the undisturbed rock matrix. Within this framework a radionuclide
cocktail was injected into a defined borehole interval sealed by packers
(8 m depth from Grimsel URL tunnel) in June 2007. The cocktail consisted o
f a conservative tracer (3H)\, a weakly sorbing cation (22Na)\, a non-sorb
ing anion (131I) and a strongly sorbing cation (134Cs). \nThe injection wa
s preceded by series of preliminary modeling studies. The predictive studi
es were performed using different codes\, namely\; a FORTRAN based code\,
created in NRI\, a code based on SW GoldSim with radionuclide migration m
odule integrated (NRI\, JAEA)\, CrunchFlow (UniBern)\, Nflow (CSCI\, Spain
). Compiled results predicted 3H migration up to 30 cm depth from the bore
hole wall\, 22Na and 131I migration up to several cms and 134Cs sorption w
ithin the first centimeter of the rock. A significant decrease of radionuc
lide activity level in the circulation water was only predicted only for 1
34Cs. \nIn reality\, the radionuclide cocktail was left in contact with th
e undisturbed rock matrix under real crystalline rock conditions in GTS fo
r 26 months (June 2007 to August 2009). The radionuclide activity level in
the circulation water was checked by regular sampling of small aliquots o
f contact solution and by activity measurements at PSI. \nAs expected\, si
gnificant activity decrease in in-situ circulation water was determined on
ly for 134Cs. The activity decreased rapidly within 100 days down to the 3
5% of original level\, which was far faster than predicted. Meanwhile shor
t lived 131I (T1/2 8 days) decayed during the first few weeks\, 3H and 22N
a activity levels decreased down to 80% and 85% respectively of the origin
al activity over the 2 year period. \nOnly the results of in-situ reservoi
r sampling can be compared and re-evaluated with the simulated results. Th
e real extent of radionuclide migration into the rock matrix will be detec
ted after borehole overcoring\, followed by core sampling and activity mea
surements by the end of October 2009. The NRI FORTRAN based code\, develop
ed specially for LTD\, was used for re-evaluation calculations. This is a
1-D model with cylindric coordinates\, that is solved with a finite differ
ence method. Translator G77/GFORTRAN was used for calculations\, implement
ing the results of laboratory and analytical results.\n\nhttps://indico.fj
fi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/336/
LOCATION:Red Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/336/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Preparation of 95mTc radiotracer
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-337@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Ferdinand Šebesta (Czech Technical University in Pr
ague\, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering)\, Jan Kučera
(Nuclear Physics Institute ASCR)\, Marek Fikrle (Nuclear Physics Institut
e ASCR)\n\nSeveral procedures of the preparation of the radionuclide 95mTc
\, a radiotracer useful for vari-ous purposes\, were tested. A foil made o
f natural molybdenum was irradiated with protons or deuterons and after 5-
6 weeks of decay the 95mTc radionuclide was separated. Three different sep
aration procedures were tested. 1) Alkaline-oxidative fusion of the Mo tar
get with sodium peroxide and sodium hydroxide followed by the dissolution
of the melt in water and liquid-liquid extraction of Tc with methyl ethyl
ketone. The organic phase with Tc was evaporated and the residue was disso
lved in 2 M HNO3. 2) The target was dissolved in the mixture of hot concen
trated HNO3 and H2O2. The solution was evaporated\, the residue was dissol
ved in 0.1 M HCl and Tc was separated by extraction chromatography with a
Tc selective chroma-tographic resin (PAN-Aliquat 336 with similar properti
es as Teva® Resin). 3) The molybde-num foil was dissolved in the mixture
of concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3 (25:1) using micro-wave assisted digestion.
To remove sulphate ions\, which would interfere in the subsequent separat
ion\, barium chloride was added to the solution\, the precipitate of bariu
m sulphate was separated by filtration\, and Tc was separated from the aqu
eous phase by extraction chroma-tography as given above. The column was wa
shed with 1 ml of 0.1M HCl and Tc was stripped with 5 ml of 8 M HNO3. The
overall separation yield was in the range of 70 to 95 %. \n\nAll the three
methods can be used for Tc separation. However\, the following difficulti
es have been encountered in the first two methods. In the first method\, i
t is necessary to repeat the alkaline fusion step since the amount of reag
ents in one fusion is to be limited due to a very reactive nature of the f
lux used. Consequently\, the liquid-liquid extraction step is to be re-pea
ted several times. In the second method tested\, a precipitate of undeterm
ined composition appears during dissolution\, which\, unfortunately\, cont
ains about 25 % of 95mTc present in the target. The third method appeared
superior over the other two methods tested\, because it is fast\, simple a
nd provides a very good separation yield of technetium (> 90%).\n\nhttps:/
/indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/337/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/337/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:NORM at indoor environments using aerosols passively collected at
classrooms of Lisbon basic schools
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-339@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Nuno Canha (Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear - React
or)\, Maria do Carmo Freitas (Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear - Reactor)\
n\nThis work aims to develop methodologies to characterize the composition
of the total particulate matter (TPM)\, collected inside classrooms of th
ree basic schools\, in Lisbon\, Portugal. The selection of the schools was
based on different proximity to city centre: one at downtown\, other at t
he city border and the other at middle distance between both. Quartz and p
olycarbonate filters are being used. Each filter has a 47 mm diameter and
was exposed inside plastic Petri slides. TPM masses are being collected pa
ssively during 2009/2010. Although the filters are being exposed inside a
small area\, significant differences between the masses are observed. Exp
osed filters and blanks are being measured during a 3 days period in a gam
ma-X hyperpure germanium detector aiming the detection of natural radionuc
lides. \nThe following natural radionuclides could be found: 1) 210Pb\, 21
4Pb\, 214Bi\, 226Ra\, 234Th with origin in 238U\, 2) 212Pb and 228Ac orig
inated from 232Th\, 3) 208Tl originated from 237Np\, 4) 40K originated fro
m 39K. Millipore polycarbonate filters were quite adequate for all measure
ments except for 210Pb\, 226Ra and 234Th\, for which quartz filters were f
ound to be more suitable. Results are compared with literature ones and di
scussed under the point of view of their origin. Methodologies are develop
ed in order to get accurate efficiency calculations for the 47 mm diametr
filters.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/339/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/339/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radioactivity concentration in soil samples taken from region of B
anja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-340@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Jelena Marinković (Radiation Protection Centre)\, M
ilomir Milaković (Radiation Protection Centre)\, Bojan Štrbac (Radiation
Protection Centre)\n\nSurface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from
the region of Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina)\, in order to evaluate t
heir radioactivity. Concentrations of radionuclides in samples were determ
ined by γ-ray spectrometer using HPGe detector. The obtained results of
uranium and thorium series as well as potassium K-40 and Cs-137 activity c
oncentrations are discussed. The radioactivity levels are compared with th
e results form other countries.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/con
tributions/340/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/340/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Electrochemical behaviour of curium in chloride melts
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-341@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Bychkov (Research Institute of Atomic Reac
tors)\, Mikhail Kormilitsyn (Research Institute of Atomic Reactors)\, Alex
ander Osipenko (Research Institute of Atomic Reactors)\n\nCurium isotopes
contained in spent nuclear fuel have a high specific heat rate and long ha
lf-life\, and they should be recovered from high-level wastes (HLW) and tr
ansmutated. Molten chlorides have more high radiation resistance than aque
ous and organic media. This fact is of significant importance because curi
um has a high specific activity. There is not much information about the b
ehaviour of curium in molten chlorides. Data available are referred to the
conventional standard potential of curium in the alloy formed with zinc [
1] and distribution coefficient between salts and liquid metal phase [2].
Data on thermodynamics of formation for oxygen-containing curium compounds
in chloride melts was obtained by authors [3] with using of potentiometri
c titration. This work is devoted to study of non-oxygen curium compound f
ormation in chloride melts. \n The following standard electrochemical meth
ods were used: CV\, SWV\, DPV\, chrono potentiometry and dynamic galvanome
try. \n Dependences of formal standard electrode potential of curium\, Gib
bs energy change and other parameters on temperature and effective radius
of solvent cation were obtained. Also Pourbe diagrams were drawn.\n Study
was carried out in frame of ISTC Project # 3261. The authors express their
appreciation to CEIMAT (Spain)\, ITU (Germany)\, CEA (France) and AlbaNov
a University Centre Royal Institute of Technology Nuclear and Reactor Phys
ics (Sweden) for support and interest to this work.\n\n1. V.P.Kolesnikov\,
V.N. Kazantsev\, O.V.Skiba Electrochemical behavior of americium and curi
um in molten alkali metal chlorides. Radiochemistry\, 1977\, 19\, No.4\, p
p. 545–548\n2. T.Koyama.\, et al.:J.Alloys Compounds\, 189\,37 (1992).\n
3. A.G. Osipenko\, A.A. Mayorshin\, A.V. Bychkov Study of Reaction of Curi
um Oxy-Compound Formation in Molten Chlorides//Radiochimica Acta 97\,227-2
30(2009)\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/341/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/341/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:The use of coincidence summing effect in &gamma\; spectrometry for
the determination of full energy photopeak efficiency and activity of the
60Co-60 point source
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-342@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Bojan Štrbac (Radiation Protection Centre)\n\nA stu
dy of coincidence summing of gamma-rays of Co-60 has been presented. In\ng
amma-ray spectrometry with germanium detectors\, the summing effect have t
o be taken into account at low source detector distance. The peaks due to
coincidence summing of X+X\, X+gamma\,gamma+gamma rays can complicate the
spectrum obtained by this type of the detector and signicantly change the
counting rate of single peaks. There is theoretical model developed for co
incidence summing of X and gamma rays for radionuclides with complex decay
scheme. This models enables to write equation for single peaks\, the coin
cidence sum peaks and total count rate. The efficiency of detection and th
e activity of Co-60 source are the unknowns in the count rate equation sys
tem. They can be determined by simultaneously finding the roots of the equ
ation system.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/342/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/342/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of reaction of CmO+ and CmOCl formation in chlori
de melt by spectroscopic method
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-344@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Alexander Bychkov (Research Institute of Atomic Reac
tors)\, Mikhail Kormilitsyn (Research Institute of Atomic Reactors)\, Vlad
imir Volkovich (Research Institute of Atomic Reactors)\, Alexander Maershi
n (Research Institute of Atomic Reactors)\, Alexander Osipenko (Research I
nstitute of Atomic Reactors)\n\nMolten chlorides have more high radiation
resistance than aqueous and organic media. This fact is of significant imp
ortance because curium has a high specific activity. And\, correspondingly
\, it can be used for partitioning of curium from waste before its vitrifi
cation. Data on thermodynamics of formation for oxygen-containing curium c
ompounds in chloride melts was obtained by authors [1] with using of poten
tiometric titration. This work is devoted to more precise definition of th
ese date by using of spectroscopic method. It is obtained spectrum of Cm3+
and CmO+ complex in melt NaCl-2CsCl-CmCl3 at 550\, 600 and 650оС over a
rgon atmosphere and different partial pressure of HCl/H2О. It is demonstr
ated appearance of peak for CmO+ complex at range of 358nm as a result of
three different reactions\, leading to formation of oxide ions in melt. De
pendences of Cm3+ и CmO+ concentration on partial pressure of HCl/H2О ar
e obtained. From these experimental data dissociation constants of CmO+ an
d CmOCl are calculated. \n\n\n\n1. A.G. Osipenko et al. Study of Reaction
of Curium Oxy-Compound Formation in Molten Chlorides// Radiochimica Acta 9
7\, 227-230 (2009).\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/3
44/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/344/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Measurement of excitation functions for (d\,x) reactions on natura
l molybdenum
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-345@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Marek Fikrle (Nuclear Physics Institute\, Academy of
Sciences of the Czech Republic)\, Ondřej Lebeda (Nuclear Physics Institu
te\, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic)\n\nCross sections for deut
eron induced reactions on natural molybdenum leading to 93Tc\, 93mTc\, 94T
c\, 94mTc\, 95Tc\, 95mTc\, 96Tc\, 96mTc\, 99mTc\, 99Mo\, 92mNb\, 95Nb and
89Zr were measured in deuteron energy range 9.0–19.6 MeV on the cyclotro
n U-120M of the Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR. Special attention was pai
d to excitation function for formation of 95mTc\, which is used as a trace
r for determining 99Tc in environmental samples\, and to excitation functi
ons and thick target yields for formation of 99mTc and 99Mo\, the most wid
espread radionuclide generator pair in nuclear medicine. If appropriate\,
obtained data are compared with the heretofore published cross sections.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/345/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/345/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Speciation of 129I and 127I in soil and sedi
ment samples
DTSTART:20100419T114500Z
DTEND:20100419T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-346@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Kasper G. Andersson (Radiation Research Department\,
Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy\,Technical University of
Denmark – DTU)\, Ala Aldahan (Department of Earth Science\, Uppsala Uni
versity)\, Per Ross (Radiation Research Department\, Risø National Labora
tory for Sustainable Energy\,Technical University of Denmark – DTU)\, Xi
aolin Hou (Radiation Research Department\, Risø National Laboratory for S
ustainable Energy\,Technical University of Denmark – DTU)\, Violeta Hans
en (Radiation Research Department\, Risø National Laboratory for Sustaina
ble Energy\,Technical University of Denmark – DTU)\n\nIodine is a biophi
lic tracer element with thirty-four isotopes including one long-lived isot
ope\, 129I (15\,7 My)\, and one stable isotope\, 127I. Toxicity\, mobilit
y\, bioavailability\, bioactivity\, and the uptake of iodine in environmen
t are governed by its chemical speciation and the soil or sediment conditi
ons. It is therefore important to identify and quantify different physicoc
hemical contaminant species. \nIn this work\, a sequential extraction proc
edure combined with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS)\, and inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)\, respectively\, was applied for
investigation of 129I and 127I in different physicochemical forms in soil
and sediment samples. The fractionation allowed identification of water
soluble\, exchangeable\, carbonate\, oxides\, iodine bound humic acid\, io
dine bound fulvic acid and iodine bound humin forms. This is the first stu
dy to identify humic acid\, fulvic acid and humin bound 129I. A Danish soi
l sample\, a soil reference material (IAEA-375)\, an anoxic sediment sampl
e collected from Helvik Fjord (South Norway) and an oxic sediment sample c
ollected from the Barents Sea (Russia) were investigated. \nThe results of
the work show that in the investigated samples\, 129I bound to organic ma
tter accounted for more than 50% of the total iodine. Approximately 90% of
the 129I is bound to organic matter and oxides\, and 10% was found in the
readily exchangeable fractions. \nSpeciation analysis of 129I in soil/sed
iments is indispensable for a better understanding of bioavailability\, mo
bility\, bioactivity\, uptake and toxicity of iodine in the environment.\n
\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/346/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/346/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Tritium in the rainwater around the nuclear power plant of Paks\,
Hungary
DTSTART:20100422T040000Z
DTEND:20100422T041500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-347@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Tibor Ranga (Paks Nuclear Power Plant Ltd)\, Lászl
ó Manga (Paks Nuclear Power Plant Ltd)\, Péter Dombóvári (Paks Nuclear
Power Plant Ltd)\, László Papp (MTA ATOMKI)\, Mihály Molnár (MTA ATOM
KI)\, Zoltán Major (MTA ATOMKI)\, László Palcsu (MTA ATOMKI)\, Zoltán
Köllő (MTA ATOMKI)\n\nTritium in the environment has natural and artific
ial sources. The formers are the nuclear reactions in the upper tropospher
e and the lower stratosphere\, the latter are the various nuclear faciliti
es (fission and fusion reactors\, etc.). In order to investigate the two p
henomena separately it is necessary to know the effect of artificial triti
um emitters to their surroundings with respect to distance from the source
.\nIn the presented study rainwater was collected around the nuclear power
plant of Paks\, Hungary\, by means of special rainwater collectors. The s
ampling distances were 400 and 800 m from the centre of the plant. The sam
ples were analyzed for tritium with liquid scintillation counting and some
samples with the 3He ingrowth method.\nResults show that the trace of the
tritium plume from the plant is clearly detectable in the rainwater. Howe
ver the maximum activity of the rainwater is only around 10 and 5 Bq/l at
400 and 800 m distances\, respectively.\nA Gaussian plume model is fitted
to the measured tritium and meteorological data and shows that the influen
ce of the plant on the tritium in rainwater is completely negligible over
some kilometers distance.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contribut
ions/347/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/347/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Determination of radiostrontium in food and water samples using fu
ming nitric acid
DTSTART:20100420T114500Z
DTEND:20100420T120500Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-348@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Divna Sirko (B&\;H)\, Delveta Deljkic (B&\;H)\
, Alfred Vidic (B&\;H)\, Zorana Ilic (B&\;H)\n\nThe objective of thi
s work was the determination of radiostrontium content in selected food an
d tap water samples collected within environmental monitoring programme of
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It included food samples of vegetab
les\, fruit\, meat\, cereal\, milk and milk products. The radiostrontium c
ontent in environmental samples was determined by the fuming nitric acid m
ethod. This classic way of analyzing radiostrontium makes use of the low s
olubility of Sr(NO3)2 in fuming nitric acid solutions. The procedure inclu
ded successive precipitation of 89/90Sr as nitrate several times to achiev
e a good separation from most elements\, especially Ca. Chromate precipita
tions were performed to eliminate Ba\, Ra and Pb\, followed by hydroxide p
recipitations to eliminate traces of Y. Counting sources were prepared by
weighing SrCO3 on a planchette and measured on a low background proportion
al gas flow β counter. The Sr yield was determined using Sr carrier and i
t varied between 60-90%. Quality control was ensured through analysis of r
eference materials\, blank determination and background determination. Act
ivity concentration of radiostrontium varied between 0.012 Bq/kg and 0.428
Bq/kg for vegetables samples\, 0.007 Bq/kg and 0.257 Bq/kg for fruit samp
les\, 0.0995 Bq/kg and 0.289 Bq/kg for cereal samples\, 0.024 Bq/L and 0.1
13 Bq/L for milk and milk products\, below MDA (0.004 Bq/kg) for meat samp
les and for tap water samples between 0.878 Bq/kg and 3.78 Bq/m3.\n\nhttps
://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/348/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/348/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of crystalline ceramics for immobilization of 99T
c
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-349@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Boris Burakov (V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute)\, Olg
a Schmidt (V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute)\, Vladimir Garbuzov (V. G. Khlo
pin Radium Institute)\, Yulia Korneyko (V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute)\n\
nTechnetium-99 is beta-active long-lived artificial radionuclide (half-lif
e more than 200\,000 years). Because of its long-life\, high content in sp
ent nuclear fuel\, high ability to oxidize under aerobic conditions as Т
сО4- Tc is one of the most dangerous radionuclides. Development of chem
ically durable host-phase for Tc disposal is important goal of research. \
nThere are no natural minerals of Tc\, which might be considered as analog
ues of stable Tc host-phases. Some chemical elements such as manganese\, t
itanium\, rhenium can be used as Tc-simulants. They do not reflect however
chemical behavior of Tc in detail. \nIt was suggested to consider develop
ment of Tc host-phases with structures of spinel\; pyrochlore\; fluorite\;
garnet in three oxide systems: Fe-(Mn\,Tc)-O\, Zr-(Mn\,Tc)-O\, and (Sn\,T
c)-O using different procedures of precursor preparation and ceramic synth
esis conditions. \nMost samples were synthesized at 1150°C in inert atmos
phere from precursors doped with 5-12 wt. % Tc. Some samples were obtained
in air. All the samples obtained were studied using optical and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM)\; powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)\; microprobe an
alysis (EMPA) and static leach test in distilled water at 90°C for 28 day
s. Content of Tc varied from 0.5-0.8 to 3-6 wt.% in oxide host phases and
from 54 to 93 wt.% in metallic inclusions. Leach rates were less than 10-3
g/m2. Development of optimal methods of precursor preparation and synthes
is conditions of Tc-doped ceramic are discussed.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cv
ut.cz/event/1/contributions/349/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/349/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Radiological characterization of drinking and mineral waters in Sl
ovenia
DTSTART:20100420T041000Z
DTEND:20100420T043000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-351@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: ZVONKA JERAN (Jožef Stefan Institute)\, LJUDMILA BE
NEDIK (Jožef Stefan Institute)\n\nIt is well known that water contains di
ssolved radionuclides from uranium and thorium decay chains. Their concent
rations are variable and depend on the nature of the aquifer rock types an
d the prevailing lithology. Quantitative information about the activity co
ncentrations of critical alpha emitting radionuclides in the food and drin
k is important in the study of cumulative radiation effects on human life.
Measurements of their levels in drinking water are therefore important to
estimate the potential exposure of the public. \nDue to postulation that
the dose coefficient is always related to a specific radionuclide the aim
of our study was to determine the activity concentrations of 238U\, 234U\,
226Ra and 210Po in drinking and mineral waters from different geological
or lithological background areas all over the country. For determination o
f investigated radionuclides alpha-particle spectrometry was applied. On t
he basis of radionuclide activity concentration the contribution of each p
articular radionuclide to internal radiation doses from drinking and miner
al water for different groups of people (children\, adults) was assessed.\
n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/351/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/351/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Geochemical studies in water bodies of Western Paraguay
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-353@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Peter Kump (Institut Josef Stefan\, Ljubljana Sloven
ia)\, Juan F. Facetti-Masulli (Hydroconsult \, Asuncion Paraguay)\n\nMinor
and trace elements composition of bottom sediments from water bodies in W
estern Paraguay have been investigated by XRF techniques to determine thei
r correlation as well as provenance. The analysis of complex spectra was p
erformed by the AXIL software and the quantitative analysis by the QAES so
ftware. Analysed trace elements were refractories Rb\, Ba\, Nb\, La\, Ce\,
Sr\, Nd\, Zr\, Y and other HFSE as Cr\, Ni\, Cu\, together with Zn. Minor
elements were Ti\, Mn\, Fe which are often to the above refractories rela
ted. According to their normalized spidergrams two set of sediments can be
differenciated. Those from Pilcomayo and Verde Rivers as well as from km
165 Wetland show LREE enrichment\, negative Nb and Ti anomalies and no spi
ke at Zr. On the other hand\, sediments from Confuso\, Jehe\, Negro\, and
Montelindo Rivers have spidergrams very alike\, with strong negative anoma
ly at Nb\, Nd and Ti whereas a positive at Zr. Further\, in the former the
re is a strong correlation of Fe versus refractories\; such a correlation
does not exist in the latter.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/353/
LOCATION:Casino Conference Centre
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/353/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An inter-calibration campaign using various selected Pu spike isot
opic reference materials
DTSTART:20100422T111500Z
DTEND:20100422T113000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-354@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Y. Aregbe (Institute for Reference Materials and Mea
surements\, Joint Research Centre\, European Commission)\, R. Wellum (Inst
itute for Reference Materials and Measurements\, Joint Research Centre\, E
uropean Commission)\, S. Richter (Institute for Reference Materials and Me
asurements\, Joint Research Centre\, European Commission)\, J. Bauwens (In
stitute for Reference Materials and Measurements\, Joint Research Centre\,
European Commission)\, U. Jacobsson (Institute for Reference Materials an
d Measurements\, Joint Research Centre\, European Commission)\, Y. Kushige
ta (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements\, Joint Research Ce
ntre\, European Commission)\, H. Kühn (Institute for Reference Materials
and Measurements\, Joint Research Centre\, European Commission)\, F. Kehoe
(Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements\, Joint Research Cent
re\, European Commission)\, R. Eykens (Institute for Reference Materials a
nd Measurements\, Joint Research Centre\, European Commission)\, A. Verbru
ggen (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements\, Joint Research
Centre\, European Commission)\, Rozle Jakopic (Institute for Reference Mat
erials and Measurements (IRMM)\, JRC\, European Commission)\n\nThe measure
ment of amounts of plutonium is recognised as one of the most important ta
sks in fissile material control. Public opinion is especially sensitive to
this element\, which presents analysts with a difficult task of measuring
plutonium at all levels from large (multi-gram) amounts down to traces in
the environment.\nThe Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements
(IRMM) is one of the few institutes worldwide that produces and certifies
plutonium reference materials. They are part of a systematic IRMM programm
e to supply spike isotopic reference materials of various isotopes\, in pa
rticular uranium and plutonium\, at different concentrations.\nPlutonium s
pike solutions present unusual problems that impinge on the certification
of the isotope amounts. Due to radioactive decay certified values have to
be constantly corrected\, a process that leads to an increase in uncertain
ty depending on the spike isotope composition. The solutions also have a p
ossibility of being unstable over time\, probably due to radiolysis of the
solutions. \nAt IRMM plutonium spikes are available for the isotopes 239P
u\, 240Pu\, 242Pu and 244Pu. This enables us to make an inter-comparison o
f the values of these spikes. An Inter-calibration campaign using state-of
-the art measurement procedures has therefore been carried out at IRMM lin
king the plutonium spike reference materials available at the institute. T
he following spikes were used in the program: IRMM-049c (94.1% 242Pu)\, IR
MM-049b (99.9% 242Pu)\, IRMM-046b (94.3% 242Pu and 98.0% 233U)\, IRMM-083
(98.97% 240Pu) and IRMM-042a (97.9% 244Pu)\, IRMM-081a (97.8% 239Pu) from
CETAMA were used.\nAs comparison material a recently prepared 239Pu large-
sized dried (LSD) spike\, IRMM-1027M and external isotopic reference mater
ials NBL CRM-131 and CETAMA MP2 were used for isotope dilution mass spectr
ometry (IDMS).\nThe uncertainties for the IDMS were estimated according to
the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). The resu
lts obtained by IDMS using the various spike isotopic reference materials
will be presented and discussed. This inter-calibration study confirms the
traceability of the values of the plutonium isotopic contents to the SI.
Furthermore conclusions can be drawn for the need of recertification of pa
rticular reference materials.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contr
ibutions/354/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/354/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:Study of gas generation in real L/ILW containers
DTSTART:20100422T120000Z
DTEND:20100422T122000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-355@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: István Barnabás (Public Agency for Radioactive Was
te Management (PURAM) of Hungary)\, Péter Ormai (Public Agency for Radioa
ctive Waste Management (PURAM) of Hungary)\, Mihály Veres (Isotoptech Zrt
.)\, Zoltán Major (MTA ATOMKI)\, Éva Svingor (MTA ATOMKI)\, István Fut
ó (MTA ATOMKI)\, László Palcsu (MTA ATOMKI)\, Mihály Molnár (MTA ATOM
KI)\n\nTo obtain reliable estimates of the quantities and rates of the gas
production in L/ILW a series of measurements was carried in the last seve
n years in Hungary. Drums filled with selected original L/ILW coming form
the light water PWR type Paks Nuclear Power Plant (Hungary) were placed in
to special hermetic containers and its gas generation was measured careful
ly. Headspace gas analysis of real radioactive waste vaults closed between
1979 and 1995 in a near surface L/ILW disposal facility of Hungary was al
so carried out. It was clearly indicated that the gas generation rate is r
elatively high in the L/ILW drums independently the chemical type of the m
ain components of the stored waste. Our results showed that the main gener
ated gases in L/ILW are carbon-dioxide\, methane and hydrogen. The typica
l rates were 0.05-0.2 STP litre gas/day for CO2 and CH4 generation\, and l
ess than 0.02 STP litre gas/day for H2. No explosive gas mixture was indic
ated in the L/ILW drums during the investigated storage period. Compositio
ns of headspace gases in closed L/ILW vaults were in good agreement with g
as generation processes observed in L/ILW drums. The stable carbon isotope
measurements show that the main source of the CO2 gas is the degradation
of organic matter in the waste. The low 13C content indicates microbial de
gradation processes as the main sources of CH4 in the headspace gas. Typic
al tritium activity concentrations were between 0.1 and 10 Bq/liter gas in
the drums and between 10 and 1000 Bq/liter gas in the vaults. Typical C-1
4 activity values of the headspace gases were between 0.1 and 2.0 Bq/liter
gas in the drums and 10 and 1000 Bq/liter gas in the studied vaults.\n\nh
ttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/355/
LOCATION:Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/355/
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
SUMMARY:An approach for acquiring data for description of diffusion in per
formance assessment of radioactive waste repositories
DTSTART:20100420T105000Z
DTEND:20100420T111000Z
DTSTAMP:20240328T163700Z
UID:indico-contribution-356@indico.fjfi.cvut.cz
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Dušan Vopálka (Department of Nuclear Chemistry\, C
zech Technical University in Prague)\, Antonín Vokál (Nuclear Research I
nstitute Řez plc)\n\nRepositories for radioactive wastes are sited in the
environment with very low permeability. One of the most important process
es leading to the release of radionuclides to the environment is diffusion
and therefore data for its evaluation are very important for the results
of performance assessment of these repositories. These data are obtained u
sually from the evaluation of laboratory through-\, in- or out-diffusion e
xperiments\, which are evaluated by various mathematical methods that have
to take into account also deficiencies of real experimental equipments. E
.g.\, a very long experimental time is needed for sorbing radionuclides to
achieve stationary conditions under which the standard evaluation of the
through-diffusion experiment is applicable. In such cases only values of a
pparent diffusion coefficients are usually obtainable from evaluation of i
n- or out- diffusion experiments. A robust performance assessment codes\,
however\, require knowledge of effective diffusion coefficients and equili
brium sorption coefficients\, which cannot be easily obtained by the evalu
ation of in- and/or out- diffusion experiments. This fact can lead to the
propagation of uncertainties in performance assessment of radioactive wast
e repositories. In this paper a new approach is proposed for the evaluatio
n of diffusion data for performance assessment. This approach consist in t
he following steps: i) experimental measurements of material diffusion par
ameters (tortuosity\, transport porosity) under various conditions (e.g. d
ifferent density\, different ionic strength of water) using non-sorbing ra
dionuclides such as tritium and chlorine for which it is easy to reach con
ditions under which mathematical solution of diffusion equation is applica
ble\, ii) to measure sorption isotherms for sorbing radionuclides by batc
h methodology\, iii) to calculate diffusion coefficients for sorbing radi
onuclides from well-defined diffusion coefficients in free water and dete
rmined tortuosity\, transport porosity and sorption coefficients\, iv) to
carry out the relatively short in-diffusion experiments with sorbing radio
nuclides and v) to compare experimental results with simulated curves usi
ng the performance assessment computer code. We see the advantage of this
approach in the use of the same computer code both for verification of the
laboratory diffusion results and for the performance assessment. The unce
rtainty of description of diffusion in performance assessment is therefore
decreased. The relationships between measured data and parameters used in
performance assessment are discussed on the basis of batch sorption and d
iffusion experiments performed for HTO\, 36Cl and 137Cs with different typ
es of bentonite.\n\nhttps://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/356/
LOCATION:Mirror Hall (Casino Conference Centre)
URL:https://indico.fjfi.cvut.cz/event/1/contributions/356/
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR