Conveners
Separation & Speciation: SEP 1
- Jiří Janda (-)
- Elena Macerata (Politecnico di Milano)
Separation & Speciation: SEP 2
- Andreas Geist (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT))
- Ota Fišera (VOP-026 Šternberk, s. p., divize VTÚO Brno)
Separation & Speciation: SEP Poster
- There are no conveners in this block
Separation & Speciation: SEP 3
- Viktor Goliáš (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral ressources)
- Andreas Wilden (Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH)
Carcinogenity of residential radon (222Rn) is already scientifically discredited. Positive correlation between radon and lung cancer is based on LNT (Linear-no-threshold-theory) only. No correlation here, when assumption-free statistics applied. On the other hand, radon is successfully used in balneology due to its strong hormetic effects.
In radon balneotherapy, in some cases, the natural...
Introduction
Nuclear energy is a green and renewable energy. Uranium, as an important resource for nuclear energy, exists in seawater at a concentration of 3.3 μg/L, forming highly stable Ca-UO2-CO3 and Mg-UO2-CO3 complex. Though dilute, this amounts to an estimated 4.5 billion tons of uranium, which is approximately 1000 times more than that is available from conventional sources such as...
Extraction chromatography is widely used in radioanalytical methods for the separation of actinides. The most commonly applied extractants for the separation of tetravalent actinides are quaternary amines (e.g., in TEVA resin), tetra- and hexavalent actinides are often separated with trialkyl phosphonates (e.g., in UTEVA resin), and tri-, tetra- and hexavalent ones can be separated using...
Since the introduction of the first commercial 68Ge/68Ga generator about 20 years ago, interest in 68Ga-labelled radiopharmaceuticals is steadily increasing. Currently, over 400 clinical studies including 68Ga are being executed. Additionally, several PET imaging agents were approved for clinical use by the FDA, the latest being a new prostate-specific imaging agent, potentially leading to a...
An innovative-SANEX process for the selective separation of the trivalent actinides americium and curium from a simulated PUREX raffinate solution was successfully demonstrated on the laboratory scale using a 16-stage 1 cm annular centrifugal contactor setup. The solvent was composed of 0.2 mol L−1 N,N,N',N'-tetra-n-octyl-diglycolamide (TODGA) and...
E. Macerata1, F. Galluccio1, A. Ossola1, E. Mossini1, M. Giola1, P. Weßling2, C. Adam3, A. Geist3, P. J. Panak2, W. Panzeri5, M.C. Gullo6, A. Casnati6, A. Mele4,5, M. Mariani1
1 Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
2 Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg,...
Radiolanthanides are very promising for use in nuclear medicine. Due to their similar chemical properties, one and the same type of coordination compounds can find various diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Terbium has four radioisotopes with different decay properties, energies and half-lives and these can be used for noninvasive theranostic purposes. Carrier-free terbium-161 is...
Radionuclides released from nuclear accidents can be widely distributed and even enter the human food chain. If ingested, they interact with the fluids from the digestive system and can cause necrosis or carcinogenesis of human cells. To remove these radionuclides, decorporation agents are used. Clinical approved decorporation agents like ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or...
In radiochemistry, liquid extraction is widely used to concentration and separation of elements. Often, upon contact of two immiscible liquids, interfacial formations (cruds) are formed in the area of the interface, which reduce the rate of extraction, worsen the separation of the emulsion, and complicate the process. Sometimes a precipitate is formed that disrupts the operation of the...
Abstract
The removal of Th(IV) from aqueous solutions by oxidized biochar fibres derived from palm tree fibers (OBF) has been investigated at pH 3 and under ambient conditions by batch type experiments and FTIR spectroscopy. The experimental data have shown that the Th(IV) adsorption by OBF is well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model (qmax= 0.18 mol kg-1 or 42 g kg-1), is an entropy-driven...
⁹⁹Tc (T1/2 = 2.1·10⁵ y) is an abundant product of the nuclear fuel cycle which is lying at the low-mass peak in the ²³⁵U fission fragment spectrum. ⁹⁹Tc accounts for 6.1% of the fission product mass in (²³⁵U-enriched) nuclear fuels following burn-up in a reactor. In the environment, Tc also occurs due to nuclear bombs atmospheric testing and nuclear medicine. Tc is taken up by several plant...
Abstract
The sorption of ultra-trace levels of polonium by Luffa Cylindrica biochar fibers has been investigated in de-ionized water and seawater samples prior and after surface modification (Ag-coating) of the adsorbent. The effect of pH on the sorption efficiency (Kd values) indicated that pH, which governs the solution chemistry of Po(IV), affects to a large degree the adsorption...
Abstract
The removal of thorium and europium (as homologue for trivalent actinides) from aqueous solutions was explored using winery by-products in batch-type systems and at variable actinide initial concentrations. The modification of the winery by-products included chemical treatment with NaOH, Na2CO3 and NaCl, and biomass carbonisation. The investigations were performed by means of...
Chemical decontamination of nuclear facilities generates large volumes of low-level radioactive waste. Following worldwide efforts to reduce spent chemical reagents and radioactive waste volumes, new methods of regeneration and reuse of spent decontamination solutions are studied. This work focuses on the usage of ionic liquids (ILs) as an organic phase in solvent extraction of strontium from...
Isotopes of molybdenum, the fission products arising from 235U fission, represent one of the contaminants in liquid radioactive waste generated in the nuclear fuel cycle. With regard to the half-life of 93Mo, this isotope becomes important for safety assessment for disposal sites in long term of deposition of radioactive wastes. Conventional processes for its separation are mostly based on...
Diglycolamides are frequently used as extraction agents in many fields of nuclear and separation chemistry including nuclear waste management, nuclear fuel reprocessing, radioanalytical chemistry, radioecology or nuclear medicine. They are tridentate ligands with extraction abilities to extract trivalent ions, mainly lanthanides and actinides [1].
This ability can be beneficial in separation...
Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) has been the subject of research for many years. The interest for this material is based on its outstanding physicochemical properties, both in its amorphous and crystalline phases. It is necessary to unequivocally highlight its extremly high ion-exchange capacity, very good biocompatibility and stability, and good thermal and radiation stability. At the same time, it...
Composite sorbents based on nanoparticles of NiO, NiO-TiO2 and ZrO2-TiO2 were chosen for treatment of spent decontamination solutions based on citric acid. Active oxidic materials were prepared by photoinduced synthesis (NiO, NiO-TiO2) or hydrolytic method (ZrO2-TiO2). Weight distribution ratios for radionuclides 241Am, 60Co, 137Cs a 90Sr/90Y and others were investigated in the course of the...
The work deals with a complex topic of liquid-liquid extraction of Mo and W from the Sg point of view, which puts emphasis on extraction rate and efficiency. The topic can be divided into three main areas of focus: exploring the possibility of employing industrial grade extraction agent Cyanex 600 for extraction of group 6 elements from nitric acid solutions, suggesting the extraction...
Hydrogen isotopes are studied in many research areas to clarify fundamental and applied aspects of their physicochemical behavior. Besides deuterium, the isotope tritium has become the focus of current investigations. One important application is the separation of hydrogen isotopes. Currently available methods have low separation efficiency and high energy consumption. Therefore, approaches to...
The understanding of the formation of the elements has been an intriguing topic within the last decades. It is now approved that the heaviest naturally occurring elements on earth, the actinides, are produced in the astrophysical r-process. However, the exact site of this process is still disputed. Recently, the amount of interstellar $^{244}$Pu (T$_{1/2}$ = 80.6 Ma) in various geological...
