13–18 May 2018
Casino Conference Centre
Europe/Prague timezone

Fiber materials based on amine-containing copolymer Eudragit® for radioanalitical applications

14 May 2018, 17:15
1h 30m
Gallery (Casino Conference Centre)

Gallery

Casino Conference Centre

Poster Separation Methods, Speciation Poster SEP

Speaker

Dr Alexander Veleshko (National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute")

Description

The wide use of radioactive materials in human activities leads to the accumulation of a significant amount of radioactive waste (RW). Therefore search for safe methods of handling with RW and analytical determination of their content in environment becomes the most urgent tasks. At present, uranium mining, nuclear fuel production, treatment of various types of RW, civil and military nuclear powered transport, all of these became major sources of technological radioactive nuclides.1. Furthermore territories contaminated by nuclear weapon testes and exposed owing to emergency situations at nuclear fuel cycle facilities represent a significant radiation hazard. A certain contribution to radioactive contamination of ocean and terrain environment have been made by RW generated during drilling at oil wells and offshore platforms In concern with all of these reasons monitoring of radionuclides content in environment especially in radiation-hazardous areas and objects became an important task [2–8].

Current analytical practice and the concept of treatment of low-level activity liquid radioactive waste require the application of highly efficient materials that could strongly bind radionuclides and allow their isolation, separation and concentration. Under technological operations and in laboratory analysis, polymer ion exchangers, inorganic materials and composite sorbents based on them, as well as complex-forming sorbents (CFS) could be used to adsorb radionuclides [9–14].

Due to functional groups fixed on polymeric or mineral matrices CFS could characterize by the ligand binding mechanism. Methods for CFS synthesis include chemical and non-covalent fixation of functional groups on synthetic and natural matrices, impregnation and preparation of composites based on various matrix. In CFS composition could contain some functional groups that involve metal ions in complexation process in media with different pH values. The most effective CFS are containing diphosphoryl, carbamoylmethylphosphinate, aminophosphinate, primary, secondary, tertiary nitrogen atoms, quaternary ammonium groups [15].

However, analytical determination of actinides still stays very important task because of special chemical properties of U, Pu, Am and the large variation in chemical composition of processing solutions. In this connection, the selection of new CFS for effective analytical determination of radionuclides in complex chemical composition solutions, including natural media, nowadays seems to be a very important task.

Depends on the field of use, a certain set of requirements have been presented to the CFS. Only biosorbents, the adsorption materials based on biocompatible polymers, may apply in drinking water treatment especially water for baby food and in biological fluids purification from heavy metal ions and radionuclides. There are a few such biocompatible polymers and the development of new types of them or the expansion the field of application of already existing ones are really urgent tasks [16,17].

In this decade, the Eudragit® substances which are copolymers of acrylic and methacrylic acids derivatives produced by Evonik, Rohm & Haas Gmbh have become widespread in medical practice. These copolymers are produced under a common brand, but they have different composition and different types of functional groups and therefore can be used not only in pharmacology, but also in other areas, in particular for the creation of adsorption materials. Possessing solubility at pH more than 7, Eudragit S provides the direct acid-sensitive drugs delivery into the intestines bypassing stomach acid media [18,19]. Biodegradable materials based on a mixture of Eudragit E [20] or Eudragit RS[21] with chitosan may become an alternative to synthetic resins for the production of sorption materials for environmental application.

In reference [22] shows the possibility of obtaining a chelate compound of Ni with Eudragit C. This complex was used in chromatography for separation the cell wall components from solutions. In addition, the formation of such a strong complex of a divalent ion with a methacrylate copolymer containing a nitrogen atom allows to consider Eudragit E as the starting matter for the synthesis of metal-ligand complexes [23].

The physical-chemical properties of fine fibered materials Eudragit® (amine-containing copolymer of methyl(butyl)methacrylate Eudragit E (Ed-E) (fig 1.) and quaternary salt dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate Eudragit RS (Ed-RS) were studied in radionuclides adsorption processes.

Scanning electron microscopy images of Ed-E fibers (by Hitachi TM-1000)

The ultra-thin fibers of Eudragit\circledR{} have been obtained in electrospun process from copolymer Ed-E and Ed-RS solutions. Dependence of inorganic salt compound at sorption of $\rm ^{233, 238}U,\:^{241}Am,\:^{239}Pu,\:^{90}Sr,\:^{90}Y$ on Ed-E и Ed-RS has been shown in 5 g/l Na$\rm NO_3$, $\rm Na_2SO_4$, $\rm Na_2CO_3$ solutions. Less influence gave $\rm NO_3^{-}$ ions and distribution coefficient ($\rm K_d$) has stayed more than $\rm 10^2$ ml/g for $\rm ^{233}U,\:^{241}Am,\:^{90}Sr$. Sulfate ion affected strongly on $\rm ^{90}Y$ interaction. $\rm K_d$ has been reached 6.0·$\rm 10^2$ ml/g in 5 g/l $\rm Na_2SO_4$ solution. Effective diffusion coefficients have been determined for fibers with 500 nm, 1200 nm diameters and achieved 3.5·$\rm 10^{-16}$ and 3.0·$\rm 10{-15}$ $\rm m^2$/s respectively in $\rm ^{233}UO_2^{2+}$ adsorption process on Ed-E. Biot numbers stay in range 5-8. This shows us that on adsorption influences external diffusion of radionuclides. Moreover, application of Ed-E as radionuclides flocculant in neutral and weakly acid solutions has been demonstrated. According to flocculation experiments Am(III) and Eu(III) could be separate in 200 g/l Na$\rm NO_3$ solution.

Thus, a group of Eudragit\circledR{} copolymers may become promising for use in the analytical practice of radioactive substances. Therefore, in this work, we have been studied the possibility of the interaction between Ed-E, Ed-RS and radionuclides $\rm ^{233, 238}U,\:^{241}Am,$ $\rm ^{239}Pu,\:^{90}Sr,\:^{90}Y$ to determine the field of application in radiochemical analysis.

References
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Primary authors

Dr Alexander Veleshko (National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute") Prof. Natalia Kil'deeva (Moscow state university of design and technology) Dr Ekaterina Rumyantseva (NRC "Kurchatov institute") Mr Nikolay Pal (NRC "Kurchatov institute") Dr Vera Ozhogina (NRC "Kurchatov institute")

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