The discovery of long-lived isotopes of superheavy elements (SHEs) in nuclear fusion reactions of $\rm ^{48}Ca$ with actinide targets signifies a close approach to the island of particularly shell-stabilized nuclei. While the emergence of the new elements is a fantastic discovery itself, the longevity of certain isotopes is thought-provoking for chemical investigations, both experimental and...
In recent years, the precision achieved in resonant ionization spectroscopy experiments coupled with advances in atomic theory has enabled new atomic physics based tests of nuclear models. The measurements of hyperfine constants and isotope shifts are highly sensitive to the changes of the nuclear charge and magnetic radii because they depend on the behavior of the electron wave function near...
Chemical studies of the heaviest elements provide crucial and challenging opportunities not only to advance our understanding of properties of matter at the limits of existence but also those to elucidate the influence of relativistic effects on atomic electrons and to architect the periodic table of the elements at the farthest reach [1,2]. The influence of relativistic effects on electronic...
This work represents a part of the research dealing with the study of properties of homologues of SHE. The aim of the experiments was to test the possibility of the separation of thallium from indium as the homologues of nihonium using the ionic liquids as the organic phase. Short-lived thallium and indium isotopes were generated by irradiation of Au and Ag target foil on U120M cyclotron at...
The interest in interaction of actinide “yl” cations with anions of heterocyclic carboxylic acids appreciably increased recently, which is caused by a number of factors. In particular, it became clear that the coordination behavior in the series of hexavalent (U, Np, Pu) and pentavalent (Np, Pu, Am) actinides in some systems significantly varies. For more detailed study of the coordination...
Carboxylic acids of different composition are the most frequently encountered components of a variety of natural media. They are active complexing agents for actinide ions in higher oxidation states and sometimes, depending on actinide ion pare redox potential, can play reductant role. Taking into account that actinide elements in higher oxidation states have an increased solubility in the...
The first synthesis of a superheavy carbonyl, seaborgium hexacarbonyl, has witnessed the step of the studies on superheavy element chemistry into a new era. The carbonyl complexes of element 107 (bohrium) and 108 (hassium) are the next targets for the investigation. In “few-atom chemistry” condition, the structures, properties and stabilities of bohrium carbonyls are influenced by both the...
The chemical investigation of molecular transactinide species is still a challenging task mainly due to the low production cross sections and short half-lives of all superheavy (SHE) isotopes available so far. Despite those challenges, there is currently a lot of effort going on in this field as it promises a wealth of insights into relativistic effects, into the structure of the periodic...
Key words : Self-diffusion (coefficients)/ Solvation / Actinide/ Lanthanide / Trivalent (aqueous ions )/ Hydolysis.
Abstract:
In this paper, we present a realistic model for estimation of trivalent actinides and lanthanides ions self-diffusion coefficients. We take account hydrolysis phenomena. We use Fuoss theory and Bjerrum approach to calculate Kh the thermodynamic hydrolysis constant. We...
Sputtering of actinide targets, Ti target backing and window foils irradiated by intense heavy ion (HI) beams in long-term experiments has been considered on the grounds of available models and experimental data. Experiments on synthesis of superheavy nuclei (SHN), which are carried out with the Dubna Gas-Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS), are the examples of such kind of experiments. High...
In most of the cases interaction between uranyl ions UO22+ and anions of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids L leads to formation of mononuclear anionic complex units [UO2L3]–. Crystal structures of corresponding compounds are usually three-dimensional due to electrostatic interactions or hydrogen bonding among the complex ions [UO2L3]– and different counter ions. Such compounds have long been...
There is only one stable cesium isotope with a mass number of 133 in nature. However, an artificial radioactive cesium isotope - cesium-137 is the most radiationally hazardous and practically important. Its main source is the fission reaction of uranium nuclei. The efficacy of separation of 137Cs from nuclear waste depends on the chemical and structural compatibility of uranium (VI)...
Method of synthesis of the REE hexauranates is proposed in this work. The composition and structure of these compounds were defined, processes of dehydration and thermal decomposition were studied, the state in aqueous solutions was investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, chemical analysis, IR spectroscopy, high-temperature X-ray diffraction and thermography. The choice of MIII (MIII...
Research in the field of superheavy elements (SHE) has gained quite a significant progress with introduction of doubly magic 48Ca beams into the experimental campaigns aimed to reach the shores of the island of stability [1]. As known cross-sections of reactions, leading to SHE is limited to pico-barns thus requiring high beam intensities (now available within an order of magnitude...
