Mr
Jaroslav Červenák
(CTU)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
During irradiation of microorganisms in liquid media by gamma radiation, hydroxyl radicals are considered as one of the most dangerous agents. Elimination of these radicals by their scavengers (ethanol, methanol and potassium formate) should protect the cells. Comparison of two ways of interpretation of acquired data was performed. Dependencies of σ ( =(ln(s0))/(ln(s)), where s0 is fraction...
Dr
Alicia Negron-Mendoza
(Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
A cornerstone of modern biology is Darwinian evolution. By accepting the Darwinian evolution, we must postulate another form of evolution before this, and it is called chemical evolution. Thus, chemical evolution encompasses the study of physical and chemical events leading the formation of biological relevant molecules for the probiotic milieu. This process is considered a necessity for the...
Mr
Andrei Androsov
(russian)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
In course of construction of thermionic converter it is necessary to solve the problem of electrodes metal surface [1].
This paper presents the method and results of computer simulation of surface diffusion, adsorption, desorption, and β-decay of 89Br on the surface of single-crystal tungsten, in both case at the presence, and at the absence of 133Cs on it.
The simulation of all the...
Mr
Ivan Kajan
(Chalmers University of Technology)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
During severe nuclear accidents in LWRs several hazardous and radiotoxic gaseous fission products will be released from damaged UO2 fuel. Volatile iodine species (CsI, IOx, I2, org. iodides such as MeI) will be released and formed already in an early stage of a severe accident, while the release of volatile oxides of ruthenium (RuO3, RuO4) will require a rupture of the containment with a...
Mrs
Qiuxiang Cao
(East China Institute of Technology, Guanglan Road, 418, 330013, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China;Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, 199034, St.-Petersburg, Russia)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
Natural metamict U-Th-containing minerals are well known analogues of aged nuclear ceramic waste forms, which were affected by self-irradiation and chemical alteration under the conditions of geological environment. Main concern related to the behavior of radioactive ceramics during their long-term storage is the stability of radionuclide solid solution in the crystalline structure of durable...
Jana Sočuvková
(CTU in Prague, FNSPE, Department of Nuclear Chemistry, Prague)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
CyMe4--BTBP and CyMe4--BTPhen are two prospective extractants for the European SANEX and/or GANEX processes for the recovery of minor actinides from a genuine spent nuclear fuel solution.[1] In such applications, radiation stability of the extractants and the influence of solvent irradiation on its extraction properties is one of the key factors determining feasibility of...
Dr
Elena Belova
(Russian academy of sciences A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical chemistry and Electrochemistry RAS)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
The modern technology of reprocessing of irradiated fuel nuclear power plants (NPP SNF) is based on the Purex process, which uses a solution of tributylphosphate (TBP) in an inert dilu-ent as extractant. There are most commonly used aliphatic hydrocarbons with straight chain and mixtures thereof (a mixture of n-paraffins) or mixtures of iso-paraffins (tetrapropylene) or a mixture of...
Prof.
Sergio Ramos-Bernal
(Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
Comets contain a silicate core, an organic refractory inner mantle and an outer mantle, predominantly of water ices in which are embedded small particles. The spectroscopic analyses suggest the presence of molecules, such as ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), formaldehyde (H2CO), methanol (CH3OH) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN). The possibility that comets collide with planets delivering such compounds...
Dr
Martin Precek
(Institute of Physics AS CR)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
A reliable solvent extraction process for separation of neptunium from irradiated nuclear fuels depends upon the maintenance of a valence state amenable to complexation by tributylphosphate (TBP). However, radiolytic generation of nitrous acid in irradiated nitric acid solution may reduce extractable Np(VI) into non-extractable Np(V). One complicating factor that has so far not been well...
Dr
Alicia Negron-Mendoza
(Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM))
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
Homochirality of certain organic molecules essential for all living organisms, such as the L-amino acids and the D-sugars, has made the search for its origin an important issue in studies of the origin of life and evolution.
Comets and asteroids are thought to include organic compounds imbibed in ices, rocks, and have been proposed as carrier of those compounds to the early Earth. Among the...
196.
Thiacalix[4]arenes: radiation stability and Eu/Am extraction in synergistic systems with COSANs
Irena Špendlíková
(KJCH FJFI CVUT)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
This study deals with the effects of irradiation on the stability and extraction properties of thiacalixarenes1, the prospective liquid-liquid extractants for the extraction of actinides and lanthanides from aqueous solutions. Thiacalixarenes (T1, T2) dissolved in cyclohexanone and 1,2-dichloroethane were irradiated with 60Co gamma rays or accelerated electrons with energy of 4.5...
Dr
Valeriy Luchnikov
(Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse CNRS)
5/13/14, 5:15 PM
Radiation Chemistry
Poster
Structure transformations owing to self-irradiation of materials by fission products of unstable isotopes constitute a special case of ageing phenomena. For instance, radio-decay of uranium
and thorium atoms substituting zirconium atoms in the crystal lattice of zircon causes radiation damage and gradual amorphization of the mineral’s structure. This process called metamictization leads to...
